The Immune System Unit 3 Transportation Systems.

The Immune SystemThe Immune System

Unit 3 Transportation Systems

Structures of the Immune SystemStructures of the Immune System

Functions of the Immune SystemFunctions of the Immune System• Provide immunity to the body by protecting

against disease.

• Identify and kill pathogens and tumor cells.

• Produces white blood cells and antibodies.

• Filters out organisms that cause disease.

How does the immune system How does the immune system work?work?

How does the immune system How does the immune system work?work?

• White blood cells

• Filtration

White Blood CellsWhite Blood Cells• Protect against infection and disease.

• Produced in the bone marrow and the thymus and then circulate around the body through the blood stream and lymph vessels

• Can kill pathogens and infected cells or produce antibodies – Many are produced on-demand

Lymph NodesLymph Nodes

• Filters or traps foreign particles.

• Contain white blood cells.

• Found throughout the body in the neck, armpit, chest, abdomen, elbows, groin, and knees.

TonsilsTonsils

• Lymphoid tissue located on either side of the throat.

• Destroy harmful organisms that enter the body through the mouth.

Diseases and Diseases and DisordersDisorders

• Human immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

• Lupus

• Mononucleosis

AIDSAIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

• Contagious disease that compromises the immune system.

• Caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).– AIDS is the final stage of the HIV infection– Average incubation period for AIDS development is 10

years from point of infection.

• Treated with drug cocktails – Can become multi drug-resistant through mutation – There is no cure

• Characterized by opportunistic infections and physical wasting – Fungal, bacterial and cancer

HIV HIV Human Immunodeficiency VirusHuman Immunodeficiency Virus

• Affects Helper T cells

• It’s a retrovirus that integrates its genes into the host DNA

• Infected cells produce additional viral particles

How AIDS & HIV Affect the BodyHow AIDS & HIV Affect the Body

LupusLupus

• Chronic, inflammatory, autoimmune disorder affecting many organ systems.

• Body’s defenses are turned against itself and immune cells attack healthy tissues.

MononucleosisMononucleosis

• Also known as the kissing disease.

• Infectious inflammatory disease caused by the Epstein-Barr virus.

• Most commonly affects young adults between the ages of 15 and 25.