The Hazardous Wastes Management, Handling & Transboundary movement Rules, 19896 and 2008 by pavi

THE HAZARDOUS WASTES

MANAGEMENT, HANDLING &

TRANSBOUNDARY MOVEMENT RULES,

19896 AND 2008

WHAT, WHY, BECAUSE

• What is hazardous?

• Why we handle the hazardous waste seperate?

• Why we are giving more importance for hazardous waste?

• What are the different between hazardous waste, bio medical waste, municipal solid wasteand E-Waste?

DEFINITIONS

Hazardous – the waste properties that take it dangerous or potentially harmful to human health or to the environment

handle this waste separate becauseits ignitability, corrosivity,reactivity, toxicity

so that we are giving moreimportant to treat this waste.

Hazardous

physical, chemical, reactive, toxic, flammable, explosive or corrosive characteristics

causes danger

Bio medical

Solid medical Waste, Liquid medical Waste, Isolation

Waste

MSW

Any matter we discard that is not liquid or gas it

may bio degradable waste

waste

E-Waste

electronics / electrical goods that have reached their end

of life

SOURCES OF HAZARDOUS WASTE

The term hazardous waste often includes by-product of industrial, domestic, commercial, andhealth care activities.

More in manufacturing industries

Agriculture, Agro industries

Mines mineral processing sites

Solid waste disposal site

WHY WE NEED RULES AND

PROVISIONS?

The Hazardous Waste (Management & Handling)

Rules, 1986 and amendments made thereafter

are superseded by the new

Hazardous Waste (Management, Handling &

Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2008.

PROVISIONS OF ENVIRONMENT (PROTECTION) ACT, 1986 (BY V.RAJAGOPALAN )

• Section 3 (2)(vii) gives power to the CentralGovernment for laying down procedures andsafeguards for the handling of hazardous substances.

• Section 6 gives power to the Central Government tomake rules to regulate environmental pollutants.

• Section 8 makes it mandatory for the personshandling hazardous substances to comply withprocedural safeguards.

• Section 25(2)(b) gives power to the CentralGovernment to make rules for providing theprocedure in accordance with and the safeguards incompliance with which hazardous substances shall behandled or cause to be handled under section 8.

PROVISIONS OF ENVIRONMENT (PROTECTION) ACT, 2008 ( BY R.K.VAISH)

Additions

These rules shall apply to the handling ofhazardous wastes as specified in Schedules,transport the hazardous waste to import andexport and shall not apply to- waste-water,radio-active wastes, bio-medical wastes, underthe Municipal Solid Wastes

DEFINITIONS (36)

Act

Applicant

Auction

Authorisation

CPCB and SPCB

Disposal

Export

Facility

Form

Hazardous waste

Illigal traffic

Import

Manifest

Recycler

Schedule

Transport

Treatment

Used oil

Waste oil

Act

Applicant

Auction

Authorisation

CPCB and SPCB

Disposal

Export

Facility

Form

Hazardous waste

Illigal traffic

Import

Manifest

Recycler

Schedule

Transport

Treatment

Used oil

Waste oil

1986 2008

IMPORTANT DEFINITIONS

Operator of disposal facility: means a person who ownsor operates a facility for collection, reception, treatment,storage or disposal of hazardous wastes.

“transboundary movement” means any movement ofhazardous wastes from an area under the jurisdiction ofone country to or through an area under the jurisdiction ofanother country or through an area not under thejurisdiction of any country, provided atleast two countriesare involved in the movement;

“environmentally sound management of hazardouswastes” means taking all steps required to ensure that thehazardous wastes are managed in a manner which shallprotect health and the environment against the adverseeffects which may result from such waste;

RESPONSIBILITY AND AUTHORITY OF

WASTE

RESPONSIBILITY OF SPCB

• To grant, refuse or cancel HW Authorization

• To prepare inventory of the HW generating units andquantum of HW generation

• To monitor HW generating units for ensuring safe storage,treatment and disposal of wastes

• To analyze the waste characteristics in order to decide itsnature

• To grand registration to the HW recycler.

• To approve the design and layout of a proposed TSDF as perCPCB guidelines

CONT…

• To monitor the setting up and operation of TSDFs

• To regulate import of HW (Schedule-III).

• To grant Registration to the traders for import of HW

• To ensure re-export of illegally imported HW

RESPONSIBILITIES OF OCCUPIER

(HW GENERATOR, RECYCLER, TSDF OPERATOR)

• To obtain Hazardous Waste (HW) Authorisation

• To obtain HW Registration ( Recycler only)

• To obtain CPCB permission for utilization of HW

• To treat/dispose their wastes on their own or through

common TSDF facility

• To store HWs in an environmentally safe manner till

disposal

• To maintain record of storage, sale, transfer, recycling

and reprocessing of HWs in Form- 3

CONT….

To maintain Manifest System (Form-13) for waste

transport and disposal

To submit Annual Returns (Form 4) to SPCB by 30th June

of every year for the preceding period April to March

(Recyclers to submit Annual Return in Form-6)

To report accidents related to hazardous wastes

(Form-14)

HAZARDOUS WASTE AUTHORISATION

• Who needs ?

• All units (occupier) generating, handling, collecting,

receiving, treating, transporting, packaging, storing,

selling, recycling, reprocessing, recovering, reusing

and disposing hazardous wastes

Who needs Registration ?

All units recycling or reprocessing hazardous wastes

specified in Schedule-IV

• application in Form-5 to the SPCB

• needs CFE (in case of fresh application) and

valid CFO and HW authorisation (in case of renewal)

• Registration issued by SPCB in the form of a Pass-

book mentioning HW type and quantity permitted for

purchase

AUTHORITY FOR HANDLING HW

Every person who is engaged in generation, processing,treatment, package, storage, transportation, use,collection, destruction, conversion, offering for sale,transfer or the like of the hazardous waste shall requireto obtain an authorization and make an application fromthe State Pollution Control Board.

The hazardous waste shall be collected, treated, re-cycled, re-processed, stored or disposed of only in suchfacilities as may be authorized by the State PollutionControl Board for the purpose.

Every person authorized under these rules shall maintainthe record of hazardous wastes handled by him andprepare and submit to the Board, an annual returncontaining the details specified before the 30th day ofJune following to the financial year to which that returnrelates

CONT…

o An application for the renewal of an authorization shall bemade before its expiry and the Board may renew theauthorization.

o The occupier or operator of the facility shall take all thesteps, wherever required, for reduction and prevention ofthe waste generated or for recycling or reuse and complythe conditions specified in the authorization.

POWER TO SUSPEND OR CANCEL AN

AUTHORIZATION

• The SPCB may cancel or suspend authorization, if in itsopinion the holder of the authorization has failed tocomply with any of the conditions or with any provisions ofthe Act or these rules. A reasonable opportunity of beingheard to be given. Recording reasons in writing. It shall bein public interest.

• Upon suspension or cancellation of the authorization theState Pollution Control Board may give directions to theperson whose authorization has been suspended orcancelled for the safe storage of the hazardous wastes,and such person shall comply with such directions.

The Manifest System-

• The manifest system monitors the journey of hazardous waste from its point of origin to the point of final disposal.

• The manifest system helps to eliminate the problem of midnight dumping. It also provides a means for determining the type and quantity of hazardous waste being generated.

• A manifest is a record-keeping document that must be prepared by the generator of the hazardous waste, such as a chemical manufacturer.

• The generator has primary responsibility for the ultimate disposal of the waste and must give the manifest, along with the waste itself, to a licensed waste transporter.

MANIFEST IN FORM 13 FOR

TRANSPORTATIONThe occupier shall prepare six copies of the manifest inForm 13 comprising of color code indicated below

(all six copies to be signed by the transporter)

Waste generator

TSDF OperatorTransporter

SPCB

YellowOrange

PinkOrangeBlue Pink

Green

Yellow

Blue PinkGreen

Orange

Blue

No & colourcode

Purpose

Copy 1 (White)

To be forwarded by the occupier to the SPCB or Committee.

Copy 2 (Yellow)

To be carried by the occupier after taking sign on it form the transporter andthe rest of the four copies to be carried by the transporter.

Copy 3(pink)

To be retained by the operator of the facility after signature.

Copy 4 (orange)

To be returned to the transporter by the operator of facility/recycler after accepting waste.

Copy 5(green)

To be returned by the operator of the facility to SPCB / Committee after treatment and disposal of wastes.

Copy 6 (blue)

To be returned by the operator of the facility to the occupier after treatment and disposal of hazardous materials / wastes.

STORAGE OF HAZARDOUS WASTE

o The occupiers, recyclers, re-processor, re-users, andoperators of facilities, may store the hazardous wastesfor a period not exceeding ninety days and shallmaintain a record of sale, transfer, storage, recycling,and reprocessing of such wastes and make theserecords available for inspection:

o Provided that the state pollution control board mayextend the said period in following cases, namely

• Small generators up to ten tones per annum.• Recyclers, re-processors and facility operators up to

six months of their annual capacity.• Generators who do not have access to any Treatment,

Storage, Disposal Facility in the concerned state; or• The waste which needs to be specifically stored for

development of a process for its recycling, reuse.

AN ANCIENT PERIOD HOW WE TREAT THE

HAZARDOUS WASTE??

Open dumping and land filling

It creates more nuisance to atmosphere by polluting environment, surface and sub surface water

AT PRESENT,

WHAT WE ARE DOING IN INDIA…

HOW DEVELOPED COUNTRIES ARE

TREATING THE HAZARDOUS WASTE

TREATMENT, STORAGE AND DISPOSAL-FACILITY FOR HAZARDOUS WASTES.-

The operator of the Treatment, Storage andDisposal Facility shall maintain records ofhazardous wastes handled as per Form.10

Technology and standards for re-refining orrecycling (a) Vacuum distillation with clay treatment;

(b) Vacuum distillation with hydro treating;

(c) Thin film evaporation process; or

(d) Any other technology approved by the Ministryof Environment and Forests

Re-refiners and recyclers shall use onlyenvironmentally sound technologies whilerecycling and re-refining non-ferrous metalwastes or used oil or waste oil. In case of usedoil, re-refiners using acid clay process ormodified acid clay process shall switch overwithin six months from the date ofcommencement of the Hazardous Wastes(Management and Handling) Amendment Rules,2003 to other environmentally soundtechnologies as under:-

TREATMENT OF HAZARDOUS WASTES IN DEVELOPED COUNTRIES

The purpose of treating hazardous waste is to convert it into nonhazardous substances or to stabilise or encapsulate the waste so that it will not migrate and present a hazard when released into the environment.

Stabilisation or encapsulating techniques are particularly necessary for inorganic wastes such as those containing toxic heavy metals.

Treatment methods can be generally classified as chemical, physical and/or biological.

chemical

• Neutralisation

• Oxidation

• Reduction

• Hydrolysis

• Precipitation

• ion exchange

physical

• Encapsulation

• Filtration

• Centriguging

• seperation

biological

• These involve the use of microorganisms under optimised conditions to mineralise hazardous organic substances

THERMAL PROCESS

The treatment processes which involve the application of heat to convert the waste into less hazardous forms. It also reduces the volume and allows opportunities for the recovery of energy from the waste.

High Temperature Incineration which not onlycan detoxify certain organic wastes but alsocan destroy them

HANDLING OF HAZARDOUS WASTES

The occupier shall be responsible for safe andenvironmentally sound handling of hazardous wastegenerated in his establishment,

The hazardous wastes generated in the establishment ofan occupier shall be sent or sold to a recycler or re-processor or re-user registered or authorized under therules or shall be disposed off in a authorized disposalfacility and shall be transported in accordance with theprovisions of these rules.

The occupier shall take all adequate steps while handlinghazardous wastes to:

(i) contain contaminants and prevent accidents and limit theirconsequences on human beings and the environment; and(ii) provide persons working on the site with the training,equipment and the information necessary to ensure theirsafety.

PROCEDURE FOR RECYCLING, REPROCESSING OR REUSE OF HAZARDOUS WASTES

The CPCB may after giving a reasonable opportunity ofbeing heard to the applicant, by order, refuse to grant orrenew the registration.

The CPCB shall dispose of the application for registrationwithin a period of one hundred twenty days from the dateof the receipt of such application complete in all respects.

The registration, issued shall be valid for a period of fiveyears from the date of its issue, unless the operation isdiscontinued by the unit or the registration is suspendedor cancelled by the Central Pollution Control Board.

Conditions for saleo The occupier generating the hazardous wastes

specified in Schedule-IV may sell it only to therecycler having a valid registration from theCentral Pollution Control Board for recycling orrecovery.

Standards for recyclingo The Central Government and Central Pollution

Control Board may issue the guidelines forstandards of performance for recyclingprocesses from time to time.

Utilization of hazardous wastes

The utilisation of hazardous wastes as asupplementary resource or for energy recovery, orafter processing shall be carried out by the unitsonly after obtaining approval from the CentralPollution Control Board.

WHY WE NEED IMPORT OR EXPORT THE HAZARDOUS WASTE

o The Ministry of Environment and Forests shall be thenodal Ministry (control) to deal with the trans-boundarymovement of the hazardous wastes and to grantpermission for transit of the hazardous wastes throughany part of India.

Transportation of hazardous waste

o Hazardous waste generated at a particular site often requires transport to an approved treatment, storage, or disposal facility. Because of potential threats to public safety and the environment, transportation is given special attention by governmental agencies

Transport vehicles used-

Hazardous waste is generally transported by truck over public highways. Only a very small amount is transported by rail, and also moved by air or inland waterway

IMPORT AND EXPORT OF HW

• MoEF is the nodal agency

• Schedule III to be used for regulating HW exportand import.

• Export & Import ban on 30 items (Schedule VI

• Import shall be permitted only for recycling orrecovery or re-use and not for disposal.

• Export may be allowed to an actual user of thewaste or operator of a disposal facility with thePrior Informed consent of the importing country

• Wastes listed in Part-D of Schedule III can beimported by traders registered with the SPCB onbehalf of actual users

HAZARDOUS WASTE

IMPORT AND EXPORT PROCEDURE

PIC to be submitted along with application in caseof wastes listed in Schedule-III Part A

Appln. by Importer/ Exporter in

Form 7 & Form 8Permission / NOC

MoEF

SPCB CPCB Port Customs

copy

RESPONSIBILITIES OF IMPORTER AND

EXPORTER

Submit Form-7 & Form -8 to MoEF with copy to SPCBprior to import or export

Obtain PIC and submit along with Form- 7 & 8 in case ofImport and Export of Wastes listed in Schedule-IIIPart –A

Ensure that movement document (Form-9) accompaniesthe consignment

Inform SPCB and CPCB in advance regarding date & timeof arrival of consignment (Importer)

ILLEGAL TRAFFIC.-oThe export and import of hazardous wastes from and into Indiashall be deemed illegal if-

o it is without permission of the Central Government inaccordance with these rules, or

o the permission has been obtained through falsification,mis-representation or fraud; or

o it does not conform to the shipping details provided in themovement documents; or

o it results in deliberate disposal (i.e., dumping) ofhazardous wastes in contravention of the Basel Conventionand of general principles of International or National Law.

o An accident occurs at the facility or on a hazardous wastesite or during transportation of the hazardous waste, theoccupier or operator of the facility or the transporter, asthe case may be, shall report immediately to the StatePollution Control Board about the accident in Form14.

• Any import or export of hazardous waste withoutprior permission of the Central Govt. or throughsubmission of false information or not tallying withmovement documents (Form-9)

• For illegal import, importer has to re-export thewaste at his cost within 90 days of arrival

• The occupier or operator of the Treatment,Storage and Disposal Facility or recycler shallensure that the hazardous waste are packaged andlabeled, based on the composition in a mannersuitable for safe handling, storage and transport asper the guidelines issued by the Central PollutionControl Board from time to time.

• The labeling and packaging shall be easily visibleand be able to withstand physical conditions andclimatic factors.

PROBLEM RELATING TO HAZARDOUS

WASTE

• Disposing of waste in a haphazard, improper andindiscriminate manner.

• Lack of segregation practices.

• Inappropriate segregation.

• Inadequate management.

CONCLUSION

The segregation of waste at source is a vital step.

Reduction, reuse and recycling should be considered in proper perspectives.

Innovative and radical measures should be taken up to negate the lack of civic concern on the part of hospitals and various waste generating sites.

Measures to remove slackness in government implementation of rules, as waste generation imposes direct and indirect costs on society.

The challenge before us is to scientifically manage growing quantities of hazardous and biomedical wastes that go beyond past practices.