THE GUNS OF AUGUST • Two pistol shots fired on the streets of Sarajevo (Bosnia) – June 28, 1914 • Assassin: Gavrilo Princip – Serbia – Agent for “Union of Death” • Victim: Archduke Francis Ferdinand – Heir to throne of Austrian Empire • Result: Outbreak of World War One – the “Guns of August”
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THE GUNS OF AUGUST Two pistol shots fired on the streets of Sarajevo (Bosnia) –June 28, 1914 Assassin: Gavrilo Princip –Serbia –Agent for “Union of Death”
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THE GUNS OF AUGUST
• Two pistol shots fired on the streets of Sarajevo (Bosnia)– June 28, 1914
• Assassin: Gavrilo Princip– Serbia– Agent for “Union of Death”
• Victim: Archduke Francis Ferdinand– Heir to throne of Austrian
Empire• Result: Outbreak of World War
One – the “Guns of August”
REACTION• Union of Death made its
headquarters in Serbia– Dedicated to creating a
“Greater Serbia”• Main obstacle was Austrian
Empire which controlled some territory that would be included in “Greater Serbia”
• Austria reacts strongly to assassination– Issues Serbia an ultimatum
which would result in war if Serbia failed to meet demands
– Declared war on Serbia in July 1914
INTERNATIONAL SITUATION 1870-1914
• CAUSES
• Germany’s desire to protect newly-won status
• French desire for revenge• Intense economic
competition between Great Britain and Germany
• Competition between Russia and Austria Empire in the Balkans
• Competition for colonies
ALLIANCES• TRIPLE ALLIANCE
– GERMANY– AUSTRIAN EMPIRE– ITALY
• TRIPLE ENTENTE– FRANCE– GREAT BRITAIN– RUSSIA
• INTENDED TO BE DEFENSIVE ALLIANCES –BUT INSTEAD PROVED TO BE DEADLY TRAPS
CHAIN OF EVENTS• Austria declares war on Serbia• Russia mobilizes army and
announces it will support Serbia• Germany mobilizes army and
announces it will support Austria• France mobilizes army and
announces it will support Russia• Great Britain does not mobilize
immediately but enters conflict on side of French and Russians when Germany violates Belgian neutrality