The Green Guide 6th Edition

The Green Guide 6th Edition

Wendy Harnan-Kajzer, SGSA Inspector

Leading safety, supporting live sport

Scope of the session

• About the SGSA

• Introduction to the new sixth edition of the Green Guide

• Key changes & highlights by chapter – compressed

• Questions

The SGSA is the UK Government’s advisor on safety at sports grounds and a world leader in safety.

Put simply:Our purpose is to ensure everyone can enjoy sport safely

Regulatory Standards Advisory

Licence league and international football

grounds in England and Wales and regulate their

safety certification by local government

Set and raise standards globally through our

guidance, particularly the ‘Green Guide’

Provide strategic support for sports grounds,

governing bodies and others both in the UK

and internationally


Green Guide

• 316 pages long

• Two years to produce

• The international standard of best practice

What are today’s issues?

Safety Security Service


New themes• Develop the Safety, Security and

Service principles for all people

• Embrace the “other sports” element

more effectively

• Crowd modelling

• Fire engineering

• Seats with barriers

• Zone Ex

• CT overlay

• Concept of ‘normal, emergency and

exceptional egress‘

• CPD for Safety Officers


Chapter 1: How to use this guide

• Safety, security and service

• All people present at the stadium

• Definition of event and event day

• Reasonable aims and flexibility

• New construction date


Chapter 2: Calculating the safe capacity of a sports ground

• The importance of a safe capacity

• 40 – 47 persons per 10 square metres

• Including stadium staff in calcs

• Worked examples:

• Football / Rugby

• Cricket

• Horse Racing

STEP 1 Calculate no of usable seats

Total number of seatsminusSeats with seriously restricted viewsDamaged / inadequate / unavailable seats

STEP 2Calculate holding capacity

Number of usable seats x (P) or (S) whichever is lower

Final capacity = lowest values of steps 2 / 3 / 4 or 5

STEP 3Calculate entry capacity

STEP 4Calculate exit capacity

STEP 5Calculate emergency exit capacity

STEP 6Determine final capacity


Chapter 3: Management – responsibility and planning for safety

• Board responsibility

• The effects of the (S) factor

• Operations Manual

• Event safety policies

• Safety officer CPD

• Safety auditing

• Ticketing

• CT advice

• Crowd disorder plans

• Segregation

• Other activities

• Test events


Chapter 4: Management – stewarding

• The need for stewards

• Duties

• Stewarding Plan (Balance)

• Training (Customer care, CT, accessibility)

STAGE ONE• Undertake induction and familiarisation training• Undertake training and underpinning knowledge for the relevant

National Occupational Standards• Attend a minimum of four events partnered by a qualified and

experienced steward• Begin work as an unaccompanied steward for a period of no more

than 12 months, dating from the start of the induction training

STAGE TWO• Continue and complete training for remaining units of the relevant

National Occupational Standards• Undergo assessment for occupational competence• Undergo assessment for suitability for specialist duties, for

example in safeguarding, disability or fire safety

STAGE THREE• Obtain external verification of competence, for example by

successfully completing a qualification

STAGE FOURUndertake ongoing training in such areas as:• Customer service• Communication techniques• Disability awareness• Security/counter terrorism awareness training


Chapter 5: Management – structures, installations and components

• Temporary or permanent

• Deviation and risk register

• (P) Factor annual review

• Dynamic loading

• Inspection and testing (competence)


Chapter 6: Circulation – general

• Planning and management of circulation

• Crowd modelling

• Design of circulation routes and areas

• Management of circulation routes

• Access and egress for emergency vehicles


Zone Ex Guidance

• Creating a balanced system

• Zoning of circulation routes

• Planning for spectator arrivals

• Zone Ex multi-agency approach

• Align agencies and responses within the external environment

• Provide real time transport information to the safety officer

• Advise on crowd movement patterns and flows and timings on arrival and departure.


Chapter 7: Circulation – Ingress

• Counting them in

• Entry capacity

• Design and management of entrances


Chapter 8: Circulation – vertical circulation

• Head of stairways• Gangways• Balustrades, P rails and handrails• Barriers• Ramps/ lifts/ escalators• Run off sizes


Chapter 9: Circulation – concourses and vomitories

• Size of concourse• Design• Safety and prevention of

overcrowding


Chapter 10: Circulation – egress and emergency evacuation

• Design principles

• Rates of passage

• Egress times

• Emergency evacuation time

• Exceptional evacuation

• Spectators with disabilities

• Use of pitch

• Exit doors and gates

• Electronic securing systems

Zone 1 Zone 2 travel time

8 mins

Zone 3 / 4Place of reasonable

safety

Zone 5Place of safety

Zone Ex

Zone 2 travel time and egress time under normal conditions

Zone 1 Zone 2 travel time

8 mins

Zone 3 / 4Place of reasonable

safety

Zone 5Place of safety

Zone Ex

Zone 2 travel time and emergency egress time, where fire risk is low

Zone 1 Zone 5Place of safety

Zone Ex

Emergency egress time where the fire risk is medium or high

Seat or place

Vomitory/start of free flowing exit route

Exit route

Seat or place


Seat or place


Exit route

Exit route

Zone 2 Zone 3 / 4Not a place of reasonable

safety

2.5 - 6 mins


Chapter 11: Barriers

• Design and loading

• Height

• Crush barriers

• Testing

• Segregation lines

• Barriers with seating

• Concourse walls

Type of Barrier Horizontal Imposed Load

1. Crush barriers for standing accommodation See Figure 15

2. Barriers for spectator galleries See Figure 16

3. Barriers for gangways of seating decks aligned at right angles to the direction of spectator movement

3.0 kN/m length

4. Barriers for gangways of seating decks, parallel to the direction of spectator movement, including barriers used for segregation

2.0 kN/m length

5. Barriers for seating decks, adjacent to the end row of seats and protecting spectators from falling sideways

1.0 kN/m length

6. Barriers for seating decks, behind a rear row of seats and protecting spectators from falling backwards

1.0 kN/m length

7. Barriers positioned within 530mm in front seats 1.5 kN/m length

8. Barriers for stairways, landings and ramps aligned at right angles to the direction of movement of spectators

3.0 kN/m length

9. Barriers for stairways, landings and ramps, aligned with the direction of movement of spectators

2.0 kN/m length

10. Barriers for gangways in standing areas, aligned at right angles to the direction of spectator movement

5.0 kN/m length

11. Independent barriers in front of seats (see Section 12.19 and Figure 26)

1.5 kN/m length

12. Barriers of seats incorporating barriers (see Sections 12.20 – 12.23 and Figure 27)

2.0 kN/m length

13. Separating elements, such as walls and barriers in spectator areas, boundary walls, fences, doors and gates, including perimeter gates, that may be subject to crowd loading (see Sections 10.17, 11.17, 11.18 and Figure 21)

2.0 – 3.0 kN/m length at a designated height of 1.1m

or 1.0 kN/m length at a designated height of 2.5m


Chapter 12: Spectator accommodation – seating

• Sightlines C Value 90 to 120 (EN 13200-1)

• Design

• Gangways

• Radial gangways around vomitories

Green Guide Sixth Edition

British Standards BS EN 13200-1:1200

Min seat spacing –seated

500mm 450mm

Min row depth –seated

700mm 700mm

Min row depth –standing

350mm 350mm

Min sightline C=9000 C=90mm

Radial gangways –min going

280mm 250mm

Radial gangways –max riser

190mm 200mm

Max seats per row 28 40

Max steepness –seated

35° 35°

Max steepness -standing

25° -


Chapter 12: Seating with barriers

• Design standard

• Provision of amenities

• Capacities

• Assessment of (P) and (S) factors

• Management


Chapter 13: Spectator accommodation – standing

• Provisions

• Design

• 40 – 47 persons per 10 sq metres


Chapter 14: Spectator accommodation – demountable structures

• Responsibility for safety

• Inspection regime (Frequent and periodic)

• Component parts

• Annex checklist


Chapter 15: Fire safety

• New and existing stadium

• Terminology (Fire Strategy, Fire Safety Plan)

• Risk categorisation

• Means of escape and fire spread (ADB1,2,3,4)

• Competence

• Evacuation lifts

• Management

• Hospitality

• Concourses


Chapter 16: Communication

• CCTV – Quality, maintenance, data storage

• Body cams• Voice alarm systems• Social media• Pagers

• Control room management / decision logging

• Accessible communications• Signage strategies• Wayfinding


Chapter 17: Electrical and mechanical services

• Inspection and testing

• Importance of maintenance schedule

• Lighting 10 Lux emergency lighting 5 lux

• Legionella bacteria


Chapter 18: Medical

• Terminology/Definitions

• All Persons

• Needs Assessments

• Medical Plan

• Trigger Points/General

Guidance Levels

• Communications

• Records

• MAGs


Chapter 19: Media provision

• Management responsibility

• Pre-event planning and briefing

• Gantries and platforms for cameras and media personnel

• Overhead suspended cameras and UAVs

• Identification

Leading safety, supporting live sportLeading safety, supporting live sport

www.sgsa.org.uk @sgsa_uk

Thank you – any questions?

[email protected]

The Green Guide 6th Edition

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