The Great Depression The New Deal. Federal Emergency Relief Administration 1933 Sent millions of dollars to states to use in direct relief payments and.

The Great DepressionThe Great Depression

The New DealThe New Deal

Federal Emergency Federal Emergency Relief AdministrationRelief Administration

• 1933• Sent millions of

dollars to states to use in direct relief payments and food for the unemployed

• Relief

Civilian Conservation Civilian Conservation Corps  (CCC)Corps  (CCC)

• 1933• Created jobs for

over two million young men in conservation work and parks

• Relief

Agriculture Adjustment Agriculture Adjustment Act  (AAA)Act  (AAA)

• 1933• Paid farmers to

reduce the amount of crops they planted, in order to cut excess production.

• Recovery

Federal Deposit Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Insurance Corporation

(FDIC)(FDIC) • 1933• Protected people’s bank deposits,

thus eliminating the problem of “bank runs” that were a serious problem in the early 1930s.

• Reform

National Recovery National Recovery Administration  (NRA)Administration  (NRA)

• 1933• Set up voluntary

agreements among businesses to cut excess production.  The agreements covered production, prices, wages, and hours of work

• Recovery; Reform

Tennessee Valley Tennessee Valley Authority  (TVA)Authority  (TVA)

• 1933• Built hydroelectric

power plants and flood control dams in seven states in the Tennessee River region.

• Recover; Relief

Securities and Exchange Securities and Exchange Commission  (SEC)Commission  (SEC)

• 1934• Created to

supervise the stock market and protect investors from dishonest practices.

• Reform

Public Works Public Works Administration & the Works Administration & the Works

Progress AdministrationProgress Administration (WPA)(WPA) • 1935

• Created jobs for millions of unemployed people constructing roads, hospitals, post offices, parks, and many other projects.  The WPA also included a program that hired out-of-work artists, photographers, actors, and writers for a wide range of artistic and educational projects.

• Relief; Recovery

National Labor National Labor Relations ActRelations Act

• 1935• Gave labor unions the

right to organize and represent workers in collective bargaining

• Reform

Social Security Social Security ActAct

• 1935• Created a federal

system of old-age pensions and assistance for orphans and the disabled.  It also created an unemployment insurance system.

• Reform; Relief

Fair LaborFair Labor Standards ActStandards Act

• 1938• Set up the first

national minimum wage law and abolished child labor.

• Reform

Critics of the New DealCritics of the New Deal

• Father Charles Coughlin– Detroit Priest who had a

radio show that reached millions of listeners

– criticized FDR for not being harder on big business

– Also attacked bankers, Jews, communists, and labor unions

Critics of the New DealCritics of the New Deal

• Dr. Francis Townsend– Pushed for

programs to help elderly Americans

– Introduced the idea of a pension system for retired Americans

– Influenced the creation of the Social Security Act

Critics of the New DealCritics of the New Deal

• Huey “Kingfish” Long– Louisiana Senator– Wanted FDR to redistribute

wealth from the wealthy to the poor

• Long developed the “Share Our Wealth Plan”

• Heavily tax wealthy Americans and give every American a home and $2,500 a year

• Motto- “Every man a king”– Support for Long began to grow

• Was seen as a threat to FDR• Some people claimed he had

dictator like characteristics – He was assassinated in 1935

Critics of the New DealCritics of the New Deal

• Business Leaders accused FDR of spending too much money and trying to destroy the free enterprise system– Wanted the government to leave

business alone and play a less active role in regulating the economy

FDR and the Supreme FDR and the Supreme CourtCourt

• Many of Roosevelt’s New Deal programs were accused of being unconstitutional

• The Supreme Court ruled that some of these programs were unconstitutional

• FDR proposed increasing the number of justices on the Supreme Court– He would appoint 5

additional justices under this plan

• People claimed FDR was trying to “pack” the court with justices who would support his plans

• FDR’s plan was rejected

The Impact of the New Deal The Impact of the New Deal on the Great Depression on the Great Depression