The Global LNG Industry in Transition

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1-2EnerChemTek, Inc.

The current and historical value chain for LNG: Liquefaction  – transportation  – storage - regasification

The future value chain for LNG: Liquefaction  – transportation  – storage  – distr ibut ion

The base of the future value chain has yet to be developed

New infrastructures for distribution, storage and, when desirable,

regasification of LNG will be needed on a global basis

Case studies of countries that are driving infrastructure development

Countries that will follow: Mexico?

Agenda

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1-3EnerChemTek, Inc.

Upstream Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Value Chain

Exploration and productionThis step consists of activities related

to the discovery and extraction of

natural gas. Onshore and offshore

platforms collect gas from drilling wells,

and then transport it to liquefaction

facilities.Liquefaction 

 A liquefaction facility cools gas

to -162˚C, at atmospheric

pressure. In liquid state the

condensed gas is reduced to

1/600th of its volume, allowing

for economical transportation.

Shipping The LNG is loaded onto specially built ships

designed to hold super-cooled gas. LNG can

be transported to any country in the world with

a regasification terminal.

Receiving, Storageand RegasificationIn the receiving terminal the

LNG can be stored as a liquid,

where it can be distributed as a

cryogenic gas, or it can be

warmed, converting it back to

gas for distribution.Source: BG Group

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1-6EnerChemTek, Inc.

Global Natural Gas Production and Trade, 2012

Source: EnerChemTek, with data from BP

*) Note: All the figures in this column, including LNG, are given in billion cubic meters

of natural gas in gaseous state (LNG takes only 1/609th of natural gas volume when in

gaseous state). 

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The Global LNG Industry is in Transition

Global LNG capacity has seen accelerated growth since the late 1990s

• Global Supply at a point of inflexion

Source: EnerChemTek

Broad Impact of Shale

Gas• Export Stimulation

•  Petrochemical

Renaissance

• Local LNG and NGLs

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1-8EnerChemTek, Inc.

Liquefaction Capacity by Country, 2013

Source: EnerChemTek, with data from IGU

In 2013 there were 17 exporting countries with 89 liquefaction trains in operation

worldwide

Total Liquefaction Capacity = 290.8 Million Tons/yr

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1-9EnerChemTek, Inc.

LNG Imports by country, 2013

Total Global Imports= 239 Million Tons/yr

Source: EnerChemTek, with data from IGU

In 2013 there were 29 importing countries with 104 regasification terminals including 10

countries with floating regasification facilities (FSRUs)

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1-10EnerChemTek, Inc.

About EnerChemTek

EnerChemTek is a specialized Canada-based company

providing technical and management advisory services to

the global energy and petrochemical markets. Since 2002 it

has focused particularly on the natural gas & LNG sector aswell as the polyolefins industry, providing web-based

services, databases and industry simulation models to

serve the global industry.

63 Twyford Road ● Toronto, Ontario M9A 1W5 Canada ● +1 416 232 0320

www.enerchemtek.com