The Gift and the Image of the Self and the Other Among Rural Egyptians

THE GIFI AND TEE IMAGE OF TEE SE,F 3ND IEE OTHERAMONG RI'RAI- FI]YPTIANS

]ne ef. md r.lded cmepE bd EluB h ine Mtddlc Ed h sdml, ,ndEs)"t h pdrslar have rcceiv€d ljrde xrddm from e&l sdmihs rndMrddle Easrm scholas. rn moosEphs d sdi.s .oDdud.d, to' tuplqL'y hc (1966), Br.cknb (1963)

^yrout (1963), hhr (1960, Anou'zcrd

(1966), Faknoun (1972). El Mistri (l9m), El H.mnx] (193r), md rbu hshod(1936). o.c seRly crprdi r.fffic t rhc edztpb$omedon or glti lwru ?nd rE ihp.d on onc\ r'nag. of s.lf, ed rorhd .

Mftcl Maus' tudy or rhe silr (1967) hs baBn rn ir6p]nls wdk tor sd:lsdenrbr. kB dh sior af pBtsdod md rh. obl4.rio. of 8rvbs, rcdvbs,and 4pay!r! ha hd sr.at lnluoce o. socii sNdl6. Tts studic, *uhdnfBmr lpprcrchs, hiv. fodscd an vrio6 6pcG ot lne phdomdon of3'h e'/urs sud a4-hms.4no '

.o.. robq Gourtuorydc 03 , {c,,r -onEa {d psE J4s rc6-,

pdon (D2vb 1t7?i Bdk 1976, 1979r Ry:Gr97r. pord.at povd @ loD 1965; y{s 1939). ud trldtsn cllhs |tr;6w tt5. MaBbddse 1990i El$ 1990). onc of Ma6 rs!fisr, nrusinot hrghl] ddcLop.d, .onFrbLdoc s Et .Enc ro rhe rmpad ol srto on n\cmi3s pcopre hrve aboui ead otb.r. h 3rvh3 gitu, 3N (1t6?, p. 15)manbns a ! mh aiEs hiGeLI aod be do6 so bco6c bc ow6 bnnsclr.hi@lf hd br pNsrcro a$c6 ts.

'bo e.is (d p. ro) ${ rh. bondqcd.d 6y lnijtgs ot Ef6 r in kcr a bond b.llrlto psoc, shc. 6. rbbs

t

somdhbs G ro Eivc a pafr ol o..setf .

N6re n ro ows ,ha ro sNc

A]lnoush rhe qu6doo ol rhe imp2d oI !if6 on $c idenlles of borh dodor5d re.ipjcnr hs been sdiously add,csd ls.hwanz r967i shuoer rtr;Nciser r973j ruEer aod !dd.y 1974: c5rksentmituryi ..d Rochber Hattcnr$rr bll 193rj shnrr 19s3r tuhqb 1933). $. reld.tuhiF beNeen gifi s{ins:nd *ond we*s or rhc Ffrrcrprnb ha nor been dplicfy speltcd out b n6rrnl!.opologriL nudEs !5e brcad.r conidot wond w*s ,Dd $c c6noLosy of rhe people bes! ildjed. ro o.herwqds'clr6{.rgted6slnbonesdvc mods ot rh.ushi r.d ecr lbioc scr rhe ascndaror borh thold od dion,(soselt 19a7. p 16) t.I1k csy .ins ro unoverthe uDdcnybs prociples of world vrss rhr n0uence peoptes mnep6 rd

& sltu,.L F6duds. sifts h.ve b..n bveeie .d wibin lhe lhm.,ork orvnious th.d!6 Td lpproich6. of d.se epp'oed.s. ihcr. e. Fo cftDe;tumr,rism and bbodcal n{d.ttsm.lb. ntucru*tcn of L*i shu$ ot63i

atr*d ltnir.tioB sirudnlm sullds nor..ty ft.n ovrlookns onr.nr 3.drdion, bur aLo Ircm rh. rcdlcdon of shu8t pb..omen, E vhd $tuduBLsrsdnbpdosd ell tbe undrlrrE (mocrsD binary oppoddoos i.be,.dr in

orMzd -no 'B "1ro Io, o, cJ,u

n olpi,mRF4h'ch ts d- mn-o o1 .ntE.rufluhbrdqr md ortuai d cdatGm, +mbohc tosic s bordin.te r. rhe

.20rr Bouidl.u rer. pp. rr2.17r: cllsrd r%r. p.207) vri.hs a b;;k o!

mE.ry tn. bBn Dd ihe mare l .oddrions which

Ir d.,lhg vlh sif6 bd b,scs of rh. sett 3nd orhd, 6is srudy apFlia.... ,"n._ ., . _;.s.on Ln.d'- o,trr€'e ind d.v..p.o1

knorLed_qe abour md rntudes rom'd life (oedu 1t73, p.3D. rhc sdy tsdso o'c.med wi!\ bo$ $rudure rnd conred ne rcm drudurc s r€tcn

bu Ether rn Dumo.is oncpr of hrn.fthy(Dumont 1930. 1936) hreErchiet opFsirion bdininBuish.d lrom

conbrc a dolble 'etriio!

or id$nly a.d cone.nery .nd do he amtE.d sllhr'.-1- o.01. {.oon d.pa i-.s's.."'k*^".. o,.**.4

wibn an rd.nrry, on rbc odEr, rhft is .nenconpBmcoi ot the conMly (DuDod 1936, p. 2?7). Hi.i,rchicll oppdddoe..s[{s ihc a.hocnt of a uLue {o onc or do oppdrs. For rtuptqihd n.k.s rh. nsh hbd $p.dor ro lh. teft hrd in lhcL r.l, on ro theshok ror.he body) k $c value peopl. $trrbuie ro u (Dhont 19s6, p 228).

w bc trat dronean sructura rI s rhe $alysG of ihe onknr k ..na6c4 ln. lcarch lss m

rp(hiivc approrcn..rh. ssdfi@e of drbrpproi.h 5 ihd u.d.rs.dr4 r whole rlrolEhconp,ehendhE s po:irs aDd und.rer.ndins a p.n h rctdon ,o lhc wholc.* Dilrhey sEb $c m.thod w.rk i5 duat dlr.dion. Dh.d r@Td rhepaftrcurlr. ir moves f'oh lnc p3n ro rhe whote $d bfk liom i to rhc p2n;

mc n)t.ruson bdee n bd L\. pd;ldhold (Drlrb.y r97i, p. roi ,.17 . ,6, Tn. ineonme or di. dhnosEehr hdLncxpr.sivc lppba.h is lhn ( mncms rh. .xcscn6t manfss of once?6

r.t" h..*,'-

Ths .'hrosnphrc sudy b bred do nddtulk onduded ln et BaddcinEsyp.. lre ed.l, .cmonr., aod potidel

s'uduGs .f rhk vrlhle hlvc bcen medvdy .ddrsed 6 hrioB studrB (ct.sad, r$7b, t9€&. rherefoE. w,lt soi bc d$oEGd hcri. tr nrEhr be.l, 1 o .F'- '1, rn-vtrs,,

. j.- eo..r',r "aar 6 omDrr,"" or

mode'n Gr .) synm rcpEsDrd in Loflt rdmi.isndve.nd nlnicipat uni6.

The Srdbolic stFificasc of Gift5

citu re tund.me.El elcncrB h suxrpleb.r!d]!E ercndnh. rnd bEtpqeoal or socElrehdochips. Tnc sJnbolic nFiflG.e of gifis in Ee]pft. soo€ty n s-d.l b

I Fdsnd . ins, and nhe cel.bd.docGrotr $e.ultur. pmdds individurs md mllec'riig for c*chansuE 8iJLs.

P.'sonal nds hlve sodi rd culIhey r. ftlted.nd ued (Li.!h?d, 19e€, pp.9.11; cl-r3wd 19m, pp.It13; r9€5bi 19s7!: Al sb.hr r93€ pp. 132 - 139) 11r. &btc lmsn.se, m.tr.dto rhe Enslish lasuas. ud *im

Est?dffi use rhe &b,c qords ,d')ur'sili or pr6.ot. {d 'rira, , sin or o

sftdshr or nshr My, ro s!td. or dkr s r.ll 3 to e1e. a pr6.nr (rb.MrrTor r$r, aol. 6, pp. 4616 - {611). A &dvidve f(m of th. word d k',dlt flhich h6 *o maillss. on rh. onc han4 ,rd:/ nlu ihB on. qhodkd olha E thc nsbl Ry. on th. 06.r, ir h.d Ern Eftr. MonL udElisios inpliedoN .re a rched b dBt wdd For ejtrple, some ol $e

menbe crEi Ti. tulds'atrr, .nd urra, rhrch o.u snB o' s'vmsrc lscd 6 pmon.L nus fo. mal6. smrldy, de llaesfom !t}',r whth n.an arT<bg, situg ald sihs, rc p.renal ltr6 fo'rm s. Morcovcr, tus suci s ,4ra:,llb, . oods E&. Abd et-iE, 6.sl.ve or cdd (civ6), Mrrd, hr.h Ecms b.ioved upon and/or ryhrlrFid.d o!. re orbd *nplcs ol perenal !@6 tsed by tuypdlds

.nd uniqu. o(sioN of p.ople & ddroge clfls md *prcs rher ndtudcsBrruds. sd leerdss r. eich orher. ftde cccioG Eo b. d4ified i.rotu m.rc' or.son6 $e GLtLous aod $. Dundane

hen ens'ou oca'or.lnue\tdt d'd'Jvhl the oet h acod.o.e suh rb. lu'{ (hbic) cde.d'

e da6\n?or ld at r* r.d at Id 4 vEho'ntrh ts rhe fc6r .f ll1. br.*bs nt r6e t6t ol Rrnlda\ al hl at Kabn Gtldra. vhid is fte fect of s.d'fic. o' rmhdldon.

'drr, . 1 dervanve loh ol rhe wo'd i llt .r'En

Ia! $c o.6bn oI $e rhl Ro tecvnaaat:' hatub tt4dPab tut tben

rmo@s (Md obligalon) .i gry'lg. rlG

;,-;,1 *-. r.' bdh *"i* *d r*r*' fte scood .n.sorr oi slft srvbs ..6ons t rcl.td ro mun&ne sphdcsddd.d r{$ $e dcles or lrfe (binh madue dcarh,nd rcbhh) or morc

$eciflclLy 116 ol p6rsc GcF.r.!on, rEEidon md ioo'IoBbonl lEnccnneo 1909) E .h ol lh*deDd ;g r speFl For d.nple, lLrc vo-d id.r

s*.n) c used ror tn. birthorh d.v .fre' thc .Nal d.liwry' 6llc ]rc

ut lnc nos sisnifimt sin b thn Rhrch h;vm b sus by thc lushg onrns tamily. rnts gift i5 als Blkd vrr"

d coGs6 ol x srll bd (nadc or potrery, c.Imrc, wm4 or cLe)m ahirs picc6 or endy, iEo.ris,

'odcd clf& pG

"nd Ftuft tr oun

bnthdat ccL.bd'ons which ac .ddcrcd ro bc l* 5jsnul6r wh.nt blrl\. B'rbsq aod d€ln'

]rc manas. eEmon'e, rhc oord ,!4e,, rhtch jttd:lly maG . Ehdbp (o' .ny drop or llqurd), synbolielly 5isnr,6 a Ef. or Ervhs, comp'.ln! EcaoiDs drh rlo ,show<. whrch li.Flly naN nh drops, wd hq.sem (North hdrdi) gfb sirn pnd b ndsc*'-mo rr sd b'rn a D"bE 1r r,4@, o, st r€ht be E d m €nouIomq how.v.'. mon y b rhe mo$ fEqucoi r}!e. for5 G e ro sivc tdpre.6

rd r n5 o, ha .dv.n'.n-e.Mother fom ol srfr srvbs 'elded

.oehartrur. Tlrh a'br. wod c d.dved tom $e word tzr@ 'bth n.emdnDs h ,hrs onncion, st':b4db n.s thc s& cfi.rcd ro n wlred

rcddiJrs. ID .fi.m8 n|115 gft thc glvd s'vs

(ahc nodon of 642!a, d.ene blsns God'red 'ib E]ns v b. 'ddi6ed

al5 lh. wod zrtut G Ed ro rrd ro.ople by bscvcd qom.n for th. srlr. or

,he de.cG.d (rl ead r937b Pp ,29)Eorh rcliFious {d mu.drne oc6b6Id crch44 dr6 ft bspnbk

ir..6'oPrc*s]f6.othen[k

6trk {c .bfoundlv :scit d qth EB]Tltrs add f.ss 'egddbg

lhc;.G.r "d\ 'h. P.ro' d srl so - "dv'-'

trmEru b Rob.n dK.o \ 0$3, pp 3_ rrs rhc ro'- ohponens or.-,d v;s- "'. 'e .l' Ltro.ro w"hindndbe hldrn 3nd non-human b.dF, n!sr. md cod EvBry *oild v14tudlidift:frrb. 0969, p 91), s6 fiom ih. pson or lhc ni' vbo b the

vl*s and indudc rhc ldd ota 3.lt Ev.flbodv looks our o.l wond ftoB a

vicspornt wlnch he rd.otiJies wi$ $a bchg rowrd shr.h. llone, h. fiDds

buNll lookhu shd hc looks 'nwrd

" ",dd ,o csrq. o. '.hharn'o

oclffi s.t sNn! md m4r ol lelfsd o$.s. r nkin b. hclpful tc ds.6 b .flv $. und<lvins Fflndpts upooqhich ru.ll Esdm edd m.s d bu t

.6B, * .oneptualb.d 4d onnccd, ompG.d of so dne'.nr our Gcpr:bre dm"[ oo.

zb,r or ralbk ba ur. .ln. s.d4 . hdbl! Th. oppduonvisrbltiJrvisrbl. hpllB, shs Dummts lcms (1930, pP 65 _ 66i 1935 pp 227

' 2A). i brcElchlel clidochlp. ln tcms of hiddral .PP6!tion, a hkhtvd*cLpcd ld.r.66dr6 4d hluds .loB rdc. (DlBonr 1936. P. 2t2)td rhG .omdton. dr h*tbl., thl.n 15 a dmillar cd@pt or L\.he b

oo.n rorrrd,G 3no m omFra3c.9rb o rr 19s€, p dl) Th. s!Eb; wdld B !F!d r $p.nor o rh., b'bk ;u,e ]nc m;. oI

' 'dm'a opponar D.rc !b8.. nNbF.sod.d th othcr oppddoE lrs.ly oudd./tutdc, rdron/dddon and

na.ul (6bss od obFtu)/i'llled'l (rd.6)Bolh lne unirc$B (os.s) sd plNn (frrdoffiod condo vrdble a.d

dhlbl. ompdmB whtch rc brdlrd,rdlly orda.d a5 r' s th. pcreon rs..ded, thc sul ( n rcp'.sms nhc hvGrbl. componBd to spe.in.conM, th. sod ts erlcd Er or selr 6 r- 5 ir 15 abch.d m de body (heeihlv d vbiblc oipon rt ol th. pa$!). !rso, aFer6 m.s lhc l,ur .ip.r$Dt csb or rdmnry 4 .$Es.d h his^n dc.d5 ad hrmdons whdher

nr. .onccpt of hvGtblc b .lsolr,, concBrcd dd luiri,, imcr or b*rd ]h. word ba,' or m.r,6 rs as

a F6dn s cmcch.d. rcrc* d ,a: ndtbn rndllr

of bzt', (bs.rd) md rb opposie. :ati.ou; d or vsibrc) have nDotu conr6 or Pdpl.kLdddo.s wirh d.h oth.r I b $

onaa-d lhe \'ooen or tre' e. ofr D.tsorGh vo itr.r a 'zl o' ardr dc.d! or

^-- ^" -l"a-"a, ta. -"a brd o' Pd md

---. -",r".d"|- ...1..--or' .o bo'n Dphas sJ-'nd ln' wvs; "^"h -; -. -*". Ecllv.d re !o6&Td:nd u<d bv PcoPl' t."-d. ed .h'bi rmools dr.4's sd 'hoq the trd s sd

ne D d;on. ln. sn 6 '? PLbi Ps@en

o' .n--!ell oM'u i o-. pp : ' r .ner wda ov ofi.ms gln r e\r

,i."te ritr. . p*-. q-uat* b bh31t dd ro orhcB rtro hc d t b n'r.i-.iJ. o t'". 'rl.ec -v, 1 gin r.?r6m* o.e! os srr 6cm d

! ocen c.mor vlc* hhsclf or hcclf *. s.ll exepl h tn' PGdce or

"** r" -,. d'fiftndv i. n2*. o'lne 5.k'ome Jbon d 'tdoD6 L6otrmr r9to, pp b -:.|-Asd ro35r,

- :ri :sL. N*-.ha*. "-.^

n! ro' qd_o s hrhs'd'n'el m'!6;' -.-*l'- * dh." l drndo' s rade hc mD..n Fo qP6 o'

oI rh, lhr b lh. Pd dvc {d rh.*.i,* n'" -*".. " -.i-bF o i. dfu6o' o' s. un'ffi. b*d",i-n^ -!E._- u_..e - hE dhhdd mdc bv rh- peop'. rtu3-,r-" "l ---*,..,r -,t ""$-.

rno trvub'c.mpon.nl' B onrreda e,ie, -ood Ls_onDsra rn.\o.n' D.ngl d roc a h a rs'L- b ;, "",".-..'- h **'". c L,.* pelor.w' n rd b_no ced'h''o

- ; onrr-d o olope dl} vnom ficr urnfl bu'

odud. !tsrbL. md bBLbt dtu'd Dd 3up.tutud bcrTrlea -' o orh.1 I rcncd'd n po'1v_ ss ol srtr

",""".",*.^.. ;'c'- toJ lorepLo drsn. blsa ot Mato ail'n

. ;..,"". . -.'p-"q -r"D.e rcm , '1on

udoo9]2s]r]]Blft2'p]60]''i,.*.

"rc ". 'n..^. ..a." * -.** -i'=."".n -..--*,q. Br ;.s -- - $," , .rr/ roldhood p*ulc " :sE oI on..

iElFnb5lh&9Jo4{fu

serf r.d odc,s af c,red peopi:, duoms I wid€ly sed proldb. sry, $eaD. who bcks somerhns n.ver bdos d Tllo!8h sitb. ft33.s df osdtineind l@hnc chudeisss or mal6 aod rEmrla ,E d4elopcd llrhalsh

E$e. tor de PoPhds brJdd,lEtcbE.o. cnDirsla snd dNtion DlrEa lnis r.lisious o@oo, gins

.e ai .indy, a'e sftn 'o bo$ mk Md

rcFalc children.'Ih. subsr ce rbolres rhc unirt or o.e 6mman bsrk I drffe'eD.e i. the foh and shpe or lbr

subiDcc d rar a rbe difie'ence bnem male 3nd lemele ts .o.cm.d. crrtssircn ro mde qhlde! c mdr .f vrials shapcs sdch 6 n\o$ 6r horG./,riari, (mal. p.&n6), ofiR's. soldiea lioB, ca.ls. atphnls .nd crsThse dffdfl sh1P6 or roBs dFhsizc lhe op.n flond of m.. lschted

vius ot powcr,olrlgc, honor md vi rry. Grf6 Erved ro td,rc .brldrb Eke lhe fom ot 1bnd. or zrrer. thc sme pB(tre of sift sivhg Erc% 6 .brrdEn srow 3.ri

.tl 6 in rhc koph.b bdhd.y etcbcoon,a prospcdv. bid. '.eflB tm n\c pbspcdFe ero@ 3 bis ,Dd trlld.comred dolllh{ kke lhe shap. ol r brid€ ( a.aqn h hc, w.ddns drc$T!i5 son ct sfr, whr.h is dkDBrry rcaFcd ud Bdnrrn.dL emphsds rheh.s6 or rmre id.ndq s b.ins pr.pr€d r. b. 3 sood *rr. rd moihc!. hihb comdrcq r g@d wit or molhs s elled ,adixt d sa. o.hing n\arrhB bsbhd md $c fsm y 1ft brsed by cod who bdo*d upon lhs avhos vd.n c.mpr. rhis {irh ib. word (adj.d've) d!r,4 dEGr.r o!mbfmne, lld b used ro .icsdtb. 1 bad *ifc or mo!5.r. the .oDDliDenGtd 6ot sd- h,hn 1 b'ybu . *-*. ,y" - '..

q. ". ..L.*-

o'mltai1ludhm.Id.]PlosP<ll'yjnlhchosc.h lnc vioas. b.i!s sudied. gifb 3nd chr ry. espc.r,lly ol aood kems srcha 26r, (b€4 3te nembe lrr.), nlk rnd bailcd l3E banq .i]hd ua,

& bcuftd b bri.s ,zulz or divnc btsmg. rr s ihe b,ztz, th. d.vinebcno.l t fom. scnd.d or otfc ns erc by qhnhD-oph dpr"r .o--bbo ah'p D-d-r 'u.y n-hDsjtb. 4d)4 and so ioiih ro invoke bl*ns on rbcr childr.n. vi 4.'s tue

!rE. or,.l,rha, sfr. h ored! rlhc ProDnq rcep61 girt ro ceiiiJi md *1 hi56er

sood uGnoon Dd ac o. or srft eiv'nsciI6 sc .4 m.dilo6 bcN.en rhc setf rnd orbeB rhroush rLre sft, 6e

3Nd. usns ! s tro (rr6i r 10), Frvqs ! Ff .f hnselrr. rh. Eoo,enl- c -er,no dn.". --r.(o ; b.

Db.6 .f gft situg nlough offctus 9 6. sthn a odDunkv tnar

."; "b. * " r.*' .rto.sh h! rfi tFc 3r'

,MJJJ tb D. , { no P_rbc Pason I d.d"--*"-,r""'.;(rc,o',n !,r: d - brB ms $iro ns r opa

"nd upp€i Gio-psds) hrd In rhh sDs., gito sdr bo$ peFtralrd

-.h r;.dhres a ;eFoo asi6 himdf bv dhtbihg aFib!{6 ,nd qu.1d6,hd 'e .lefned # ihe $def 5 hmaFblc md msiionos (H.kh 1%9, p

,41) wrrbh a b;ds ode; eito mcdi . b.Ncn 6side and auddc 'r

ba a o.Ic b .$ I ook

'oo't $rY ofi'r

-*. d ;,-" . d .; ooo ,o b.i n.4hbo's rnd '_havs rooo ofi.'.d o

-, ;. ..-. -,,.".dono! rd Nilv fil.d wiih o!Li6lood ictu Fmd, whtn b sppoed ro bc

E cd crd. b ; *. 6 bkm d6idc ro sne orhc6 Grs, 6 r.pcded bv

or rhe iFidc a.d pri6c domaua ol ' hMdrddm! frr lb' dubd'

b omp'd'd sro s' s h s'vuE fns logibu *dd! o hdud. rhos.

who do lor rdde n\d. thc oudds Srrdr' or sbsd bc no obllSnron

!o eive dtu or Eciprocdc, hosB.r, lnc bid.F. lcftdins E rnc nom ofh-;.. h;" rh..bliFd"" b h6t bh or b.r' rddcrs hdd both rhmscrvernd on\d or oubrd6 dmush hcPl2|fty. PcoPlc or dic vill4F b.bs studlcd

ae ls,lly rd 'qmrly knoM B "ahl al kum , or Ecnms P@pl'i

".".""-. .i. ," **.".."*;-o;. . k- rd-munho cr.n'q -nd

. ;.r, !-; . . p*,.'- "..-'." .; t- "pp...; so r. Th. n.s.' v- 'mrEc

: p.rcn \3 zbol'nmfir-noolho E. 'sll.othe do 'vrio1

ol f ' 'eenfl - oIsfr sr{n5nd d b_ ;m,drd

.orcrm F!6 nor,nfl. * bo" rc -. -.tora .1 t.)^1re ab hrbib N 6 q/atr11. A p.son

'ho suf6 Foh ' hck or

sooeL r.cognnLon sym bolEd io €rts .nd hoDoro .cb in do qrF on $e on'

no ather aDd oo rhc ode' he ..G w(h lo blm hm. Eve. sben hc E ofte,.d aihs

hc $inks or rhe u reno' monY.s o

'adh nasub ffi qdr raeb thc o.e who h$ neidrrt Fftplc nor I okrovered. EvcD $. d6.n p.son ro hnn, b6

modci, deo'b6 rhe g,fr he offc6 * che!. .nd ma.i.sres, sayins ilfftab at Ehur'b t ffinrh , sbl 3 sjft rbe Evco has br€u8hr ro hf frolhq r. Tbe

Lose 'ho hav. .iE rvc hls.s of rh.mseh6 viohk rhe Lasic of Efrsnns.r Elproory and re n6p1blc oi undc'sm.d'ns 16. m:xn1ic oI sins(N.isr 1973. p. :94). rbe Deelt'vc im?8e of rhe scLI and orh.s 6 esci{cdqib th. dcpnvrion oi sifis m,shi bc caFli.iLy illarnkd Ln Ro &mDt6.,",.a No:"-.,,. oo. ;. o.,;-.

d ro the cux ot sFrn Dosesion kno*. 6ac6!dj!E io ruEl Egr"drn wtrld vi.ws,

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