THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AUSTRALIA … · THE AUSTRALIAN SOCIETY OF EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICISTS ... Groundwater and Engineering ... J.F. Marshall, D.C. Ramsay, A.M.G. Moore, T.G. Graham

THE AUSTRALIAN SOCIETY OFEXPLORATION GEOPHYSICISTS

8th. CONFERENCE AND EXHIBITION

and

THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OFAUSTRALIA

EXPLORATION SYMPOSIUM

ABSTRACTS

Number 30(Geological Society of Australia)

Sponsored byChamber of Mines & Energy of W.A. (Inc.)

"Exploration in aChanging Environment"

February 17-21, 1991

Sydney Convention and Kxhibit ion CentreD.II lini; 11.u hour.

Sydney.

ABSTRACT SUMMARY

Plenary Session II

MINERAL AND PETROLEUM EXPLORATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL CO-EXISTENCEReg C. Sprigg 1ENVIRONMENTAL GEOSCIENCEStanley H. Ward 10

Technical Session 1(a)Advances in Petroleum Exploration

IMAGE PROCESSING OF INTERPRETED 3D SEISMIC DATA TO ENHANCESUBTLE STRUCTURAL FEATURES/LINEATIONSLarry A. Tilbury and David Bush 11PALAEOGEOGRAPHIC, DEPOSITIONAL AND AGE CONTROLS ON THECOMPOSITION OF PETROLEUM SOURCE ROCKS AND THEIR DERIVEDOILS: BASIS FOR A PREDICTIVE MODELTrevor G. Powell and Roger E. Summons 12ROLE OF SANDBOX MODELS IN AIDING SEISMIC INTERPRETATION OFFAULT PATTERNSA. McCoss 13

Technical Session 1(b)Advances in Coal, Groundwater and Engineering

GROUNDWATER AND SALINITY MANAGEMENT IN NEW SOUTH WALES: ANOVERVIEWT.J. Verhoeven 14GEOPHYSICAL TECHNIQUES FOR DETAILED EXAMINATION OF COAL MINESEAMS IN ADVANCE OF MININGJoseph L. Condon and George Schneider 15A NEW DIRECT NON-INVASIVE GROUND WATER DETECTION TECHNOLOGYFOR AUSTRALIAM. Shirov, A. Legchenko and G. Creer 17

Technical Session 2(a)Advances in Mineral Exploration

AIRBORNE MINERAL MAPPING WITH THE GERIS AND GEOSCAN AIRCRAFTSCANNERS FOR MINERAL EXPLORATION AND MAPPINGJ.F.Huntington, M.D.Craig, J.N.Churchill, A.A.Green 18POLYMETALLIC MASSIVE SULPHIDE EXPLORATION CASE HISTORIESMT. WINDSOR VOLCANIC BELT, NORTH QUEENSLANDSimon D. Beams 20THE SCUDDLES MASSIVE SULPHIDE DISCOVERY: AN EXPLORATIONCASE HISTORYStuart H. Robinson and Susan M. Belford 22

Technical Session 2(b)Advances in Regional, Crustal and Geothermal

THE TRIPLE-JUNCTION STRUCTURE OF MANTLE PLUMES AND CONTINENTALRIFTINGGregory A. Houseman 23PLUME TECTONICS AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF STABLE CONTINENTAL CRUSTRobert I. Hill, Ian H. Campbell and Ross W. Griffiths 23THE GIPPSLAND BASIN DEEP SEISMIC REFLECTION/REFRACTION GRIDP.E. Williamson, J.B. Willcox, J.B. Colwell and C.D.N. Collins 23

Plenary Session III

MINERAL EXPLORATION IN THE 1990's: MANAGING TO SURVIVE, SUCCEED,AND CREATE WEALTHM.J. Smith 25

VI

CHAOS THEORY AND OPERATION: TERTIARY EDUCATION IN A POLITICISED,POLARISED ENVIRONMENTIan Plimer 26

Technical Session 3(a)Petroleum Exploration I - Seismic Data Processing

THE ZERO VELOCITY LAYER: MIGRATION FROM IRREGULAR SURFACESCraig J. Beasley and Walt Lynn 28E.T. - A SLANT-STACK TRANSFORM OF THREE DIMENSIONAL DATABrian Evans 29ACCURATE AMPLITUDE CALCULATIONS FOR TIME DOMAIN DMOJohn C. Bancroft 29ANISOTROPIC WAVE PROPAGATION AND ZERO-OFFSET MIGRATIONN.F. Uren, G.H.F. Gardner and J.A. McDonald 30

Technical Session 3(b)Mineral Exploration I - Regional/Aeromagnetics

INTERPRETATION AND EXPLORATION SIGNIFICANCE OF THE 1988EYRE PENINSULA AIRBORNE MAGNETIC SURVEY, SOUTH AUSTRALIAD.H. Tucker and R.G. Nelson 31REGIONAL AIRBORNE GEOPHYSICS, GEOLOGY AND INTERPRETEDSTRUCTURAL TRENDS, WESTERN VICTORIAR. Dalgarno, G. Pettifer and M. Bacchin 33NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN RESOLVING DETAIL IN AEROMAGNETIC DATAST. Mudge 34A PRACTICAL APPROACH TO THE FILTERING OF AIRBORNE MAGNETICDATA IN THE COBAR REGION OF NSWS.N. Sheard, J.R. Bishop and R.V. Kissitch 35

Technical Session 3(c)Computer Applications I

APPLICATION OF FIELD COMPUTERS IN EXPLORATION PROGRAMSAndrew M. Foley, Robert M.S. White and Reginald J. Court 36MULTI-SENSOR MARINE GEOPHYSICAL PROFILING AND DIGITALACQUISITION USING SAS1J. Lean and D.A. Pratt 37TRENDS IN DEVELOPMENT OF IMAGE PROCESSING SOFTWARE FORPROCESSING OF GEOPHYSICS AND OTHER DATAStuart Nixon 38SUPERCOMPUTERS IN SEISMIC DATA PROCESSINGM. Stanley and R. Singh 40

Technical Session 3(d)Petroleum Exploration II - Non-Seismic Methods

INTEGRATED ELECTROMAGNETIC AND SEISMIC METHODS FOR PETROLEUMEXPLORATIONK.-M. Strack, A. Hoerdt, K. Vozoff, P.A. Wolfgram 41MAGNETOTELLURIC SOUNDINGS AND THE LEVY ALGORITHMJ.P. Cull 41A COMPARISON OF FOURIER AND WIGNER-VILLE SIGNAL PROCESSINGMETHODS APPLIED TO A MAGNETOTELLURIC SURVEY OF THE KENMOREOIL FIELDI.J. Chant and L.M. Hastie 42IMAGE PROCESSED, HIGH RESOLUTION AIRBORNE MAGNETICS - A NEW TOOLFOR MAPPING STRUCTURE IN SEDIMENTARY BASINSMike Etheridge, Don Pridmore, David Bush and Alasdair Cooke 44

Technical Session 3(e)Geoscience Education I

EDUCATING FOR THE 21st CENTURY - THE IMPORTANCE OF EARTH SCIENCER. Stutchbury 45

VII

A NEW APPROACH TO THE TEACHING OF GEOLOGY IN SCHOOLSW. Roberts 46GEOLOGY IN A SECONDARY COLLEGE AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH THEPRIVATE SECTORA. Perrin 47UNDERGRADUATE FIELD TRAINING AND REGIONAL GEOLOGICAL MAPPING:PUTTING THE TWO TOGETHERK.G. McQueen, W. Mayer, G. Taylor and M.C. Brown 47

Technical Session 4(a)Petroleum Exploration III - Seismic Data Processing

OFFSET DEPENDENT STATIC CORRECTIONS ON A CONTINENTAL SHELF EDGE3D SEISMIC SURVEYM.G. Cousins, P.M. Whiting and T.J. Allen 49TRANSFORM TECHNIQUES APPLIED TO THE ATTENUATION OF LONG PERIODMULTIPLESPaul Haskey and Jon Ashdown 49MULTIPLE SUPPRESSION BY A WAVE-EQUATION-EXTRAPOLATION METHODB. Zhou and S.A. Greenhalgh 50QUANTITATIVE EVALUATION OF DYNAMIC TIME-SHIFTS FOR CORRECTINGSEISMIC DATAGreg Beresford and Dylan Mair 51

Technical Session 4(b)Mineral Exploration II - Mineral Deposit Settings

SINTERS AND THEIR GOLD CONTENTSNGAWHA GEOTHERMAL FIELD, NORTHLAND, NEW ZEALANDMalcolm E. Cox and Patrick R.L. Browne 52MINERAL EXPLORATION IN SUMATRAS. Johari, and C.C. Johnson 53FORMATION OF UNCONFORMITY-STYLE URANIUM DEPOSITS IN THEALLIGATOR RIVERS AND WESTMORELAND PROVINCES OF NORTHERNAUSTRALIA: A MORE UPDATED OUTLOOKN.F. Rutherford 54THE USE OF ELECTRON PARAMAGNETISM AND TRACE ELEMENTS CONTENTOF VEIN QUARTZ IN MINERAL EXPLORATIONJ.C. van Moort, A.S. Nand and A. Pwa 55

Technical Session 4(c)Computer Applications II

ASEG GRID DATA EXCHANGE FORMAT (ASEG-GXF) - A STANDARD FORMATFOR THE TRANSMISSION OF GRIDDED DATASteve Collins 56AN IDEAL EARTH SCIENCE IMAGE INTERPRETATION AND MAPPING SYSTEMG.R. Pettifer and R.G. Paterson 56ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES IN INTERPRETATION OF REGIONAL AEROMAGNETICDATADuncan R. Cowan and Sheila Cowan 57MODELLING COMPLEX AND FAULTED SURFACES FROM RANDOMLY SAMPLEDCONTROL POINTS USING A LEAST SQUARES LINEAR INVERSE METHODCarl E. Youngmann and Jeffrey W. Given 57

Technical Session 4(d)Petroleum Exploration IV - Organic Petrology and Geochemistry

THE WALLOON COAL MEASURES: INTEGRATION OF CLASTIC AND ORGANICFACIES AS A GUIDE TO OIL POTENTIALM. Smyth and C.R. Fielding 59THE SUPPRESSION OF VITRINITE REFLECTANCE - AN IMPORTANTCONSIDERATION IN THE DETERMINATION OF THERMAL MATURITY OF ORGANICMATTER FOR PETROLEUM EXPLORATION IN AUSTRALIARonald W.T. Wilkins, Nigel J. Russell and Zhong Ningning 61

VIII

CAMBRIAN PETROLEUM AND SOURCE ROCK GEOCHEMISTRY OF SOUTHAUSTRALIAD.M. McKirdy, D.I. Gravestock and C.G. Gatehouse 63EVALUATION OF LOWER PALAEOZOIC AND PRECAMBRIAN PETROLEUMSOURCE ROCKS AND THEIR HYDROCARBON GENERATION POTENTIALBY ALGINITE REFLECTANCEMiryam Glikson, Dennis Taylor and Douglas Morris 64

Technical Session 4(e)Regional, Crustal and Geothermal IGravity, Magnetic and Geothermal Studies

ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY ANOMALIES IN THE AUSTRALIAN LITHOSPHERE:EFFECTS ON MAGNETIC GRADIOMETER SURVEYSF.E.M. Lilley 67GEOPHYSICAL ANOMALIES CAUSED BY ROCK-HOT FLUID INTERACTIONSM.P. Hochstein 67STRUCTURAL FABRIC AND TECTONICS ASSOCIATED WITH THE POLDALINEAMENT, SOUTH AUSTRALIA - A GEOPHYSICAL AND MORPHOTECTONICASSESSMENTD.H. Tucker, R.G. Nelson and J.C. Pitt 68GRAVITY DATA OVER THE LOLWORTH-RAVENSWOOD PROVINCE - GEOLOGICALAND STRUCTURAL IMPLICATIONSB.D. Stockill and LJ. Hutton 68

Technical Session 4(f)Geoscience Education II

SELLING EARTH SCIENCESP.G.L Harlow 70TEACHING SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL GEOLOGY IN THE ALICE SPRINGSREGIOND.H. Morton 71GEOPHYSICS ON A SHOE-STRINGN.F. Uren and B.J. Evans 72STYLES IN GEOPHYSICAL EDUCATIONK. Vozoff 73

Technical Session 5(a)Petroleum Exploration V - Environmental

ENVIRONMENTAL GUIDELINES FOR ONSHORE SEISMIC OPERATIONS INWESTERN AUSTRALIAI. Fraser and A. Ryall 74ENVIRONMENTAL AND OPERATIONAL CHALLENGES OF A SEISMIC SURVEYON AND AROUND THE MUIRON ISLANDS, WESTERN AUSTRALIAJenny Bauer and Brett Kelsall 74ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF SEISMIC EXPLORATION ACTIVITIES IN PELs 5 &6, SOUTH AUSTRALIA - A DEPARTMENT OF MINES AND ENERGY PERSPECTIVET.N. Crabb and P.R. Dunne 75SOUND ENVIRONMENTAL PRACTICE IN ONSHORE SEISMIC ACQUISITION -A FIELD PERSPECTIVEM.K. Walcott 75

Technical Session 5(b)Mineral Exploration hi - Gravity/Borehole Studies

UNDERGROUND DHEM SURVEYS AT ROSEBERY, TASMANIAJ.R. Bishop and C.H. Lutherborrow 77UNDERGROUND DOWNHOLE GEOPHYSICS AT CSA MINE, COBARA.R.D. Doe, J.T. Carswell, C.K. Smith and M.E. Erickson 77EXPLORATION SIGNIFICANCE OF GRAVITY SURVEYS, ROSEBERY MINE,TASMANIAD.E. Leaman 78

IX

GRAVITY GRADIOMETRY FOR GEOPHYSICAL PROSPECTINGM.H. Dransfield, M.J. Buckingham, C. Edwards, F.J. van Kann, A.G. Mann,R. Matthews and P.J. Turner 78

Technical Session 5(c)Computer Applications III

DESKTOP GEOLOGICAL MODELLINGAnthony A. Cram and John H. Duke 79BRINGING ROCKS INTO A HARD PLACE. THE COLLECTION OF GEOLOGICALINFORMATION FOR COMPUTER DATA BASES AND COMPUTER ASSISTED ORERESERVE STUDIESRussell J. Fountain 80GIS IN THE MINERALS AND OIL EXPORATION INDUSTRYR.F. Moore 81COMPUTING IN THE EXPLORATION OFFICEIan Lilly 82

Technical Session 5(d)Petroleum Exploration VI - VSP and Tomography

A PARAMETRIC STUDY OF BOREHOLE INFLUENCE IN RESOLVING SEISMICVELOCITY IN WELL-TO-WELL TOMOGRAMSA.D. Watkins 84IMAGING OF SUBSURFACE FAULTS BY WALKAWAY VSP WAVEGUIDINGD.R. Pant, I.M. Mason and S.A. Greenhalgh 84ERROR IN ESTIMATION OF ARRIVAL DIRECTION ON OFFSET VSP DATAMarianne Windhofer and Roger Young 85SEPARATION OF P-WAVE AND S-WAVE IN VSP WAVEFIELD ON THE BASISOF A FORWARD MODELLING TECHNIQUEHiroshi Amano and Yoichi Ohta 85

Technical Session 5(e)Regional, Crustal and Geothermal II - West Australian Basins

STRUCTURAL STUDY OF THE SOUTHERN PERTH BASIN BY GEOPHYSICALMETHODSRobert P. lasky, Roger A. Young and Mike F. Middleton 86STRUCTURAL AND SOURCE ROCK ANALYSIS OF THE VLAMING SUB-BASIN -OFFSHORE SOUTH PERTH BASINJ.F. Marshall, D.C. Ramsay, A.M.G. Moore, T.G. Graham & I. Lavering 86VULCAN GRABEN, TIMOR SEA; REGIONAL STRUCTURE FROM A MAGNETICSURVEYP. Wellman and G.W. O'Brien 87AUSTRALIA-BANDA ARC COLLISON AND IN SITU STRESS IN THE VULCANSUB-BASIN (TIMOR SEA) AS REVEALED BY BOREHOLE BREAKOUT DATAR. Hillis 88

Technical Session 5(f)Geoscience Education III

THE WORK OF THE KEY CENTRE FOR MINES (KCM): UNIVERSITIES OFNEW SOUTH WALES AND WOLLONGONGC. Gerrard, M. Katz and R. Stutchbury 89KEY FOR STRATEGIC MINERAL DEPOSITS, UWA: TEACHING AND RESEARCHFOR "EXPLORATION IN A CHANGING ENVIRONMENT"D.I. Groves and N.M.S. Rock 90UNIVERSITY-INDUSTRY INTERACTION AT THE CENTRE FOR ORE DEPOSITAND EXPLORATION STUDIESRoss R. Large 91NATIONAL CENTRE FOR PETROLEUM GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS (NCPGG)W.J. Stuart 93

Plenary Session IV

OIL EXPLORATION IN A CHANGING ENVIRONMENT - A PERSONALPERSPECTIVEP.E. Power 94FINANCIALLY SUSTAINABLE MINERAL EXPLORATIONIan G. Gould 95VISUAL PROCESSING IN EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION APPLICATIONS:UPDATE AND TRENDSJohn Flynn 96

Technical Session 6(a)Petroleum Exploration VII - Interpretation Methods

LOW STAND SEISMIC FACIES - A CARNARVON-BROWSE BASIN COMPARISONRobert B. Kirk 97A SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHIC INTERPRETATION OF THE EASTERNGIPPSLAND BASINA.M. Fittall, M.R. Cvetanovic 97APPLICATION OF NORMALIZED VELOCITIES FOR DEPTH CONVERSIONOF THE BOOKABOURDIE FIELD, COOPER BASIN, S.A.Joseph Chiupka, Greg Beresford and Ed Tadiar 98EOCENE SEISMIC VELOCITY ANOMALIES FROM THE TIMOR SEAE.P. Woods 98

Technical Session 6(b)Mineral Exploration IV - Geochemistry

SAMPLING: THE CINDERELLA OF EXPLORATIONRob Ryan 100THE ASSOCIATION OF GOLD WITH PEDOGENIC CARBONATE: IMPLICATIONSFOR EXPLORATION IN SEMI-ARID AND ARID TERRAINSM.J. Lintern 101THE DISPERSION OF GOLD WITHIN THE WEATHERING PROFILE ATHANNAN SOUTH GOLD MINE, WESTERN AUSTRALIAL.M. Lawrance and C.R.M. Butt 102QUANTITATIVE MICROANALYSIS AT TRACE LEVELS USING THE PROTONMICROPROBEC.G. Ryan, S.H. Sie, W.L Griffin, T.T. Win and G.F. Suter 104

Technical Session 6(c)Computer Applications IV

WAVE-EQUATION DATUMING ON A MICRO-COMPUTERGreg Beresford and Clayton Hurst 106COMPUTER-ASSISTED LEARNING (CAL) FOR THE RESOURCE INDUSTRIESN.C. Higgins, M.A. Etheridge, R.W. Henley and A. Robey 106AN APPLICATION OF REGRESSION M-ESTIMATION WITH THE HILBERTTRANSFORM TO MAGNETOTELLURIC DATA PROCESSINGD. Sutarno and K. Vozoff 108

Technical Session 6(d)Exploration Management I - General

SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS IN GEOPHYSICAL FIELD OPERATIONSThomas J. Dujmovich 109THE NATIONAL RESOURCE INFORMATION CENTRE (NRIC) - ITS ROLE INTHE IDENTIFICATION, ACCESS AND INTEGRATION OF RESOURCEINFORMATION IN SUPPORT OF GOVERNMENT DECISION MAKING PROCESSESAND IN GEOSCIENCE RESEARCHB. David Johnson and Roger Bradbury 109THE IMPORTANCE OF THE AUSTRALIAN CODE FOR REPORTING OF IDENTIFIEDMINERAL RESOURCES AND ORE RESERVES AS A GUIDE FOR INVESTMENTK.R. Glasson 110

XI

Technical Session 6(e)Regional, Crustal and Geothermal IIIAustralian Basins: West, Central and East

THE NATURE OF FAULTING ALONG THE MARGINS OF THE FITZROY TROUGH,CANNING BASIN, AND IMPLICATIONS FOR THE TECTONIC DEVELOPMENT OFTHE TROUGHB.J. Drummond, M.J. Sexton, T.J. Barton and R.D. Shaw 112A FRESH LOOK AT THE LATER PALAEOZOIC TECTONIC HISTORY OFWESTERN-CENTRAL AUSTRALIAJean Braun, Herbert McQueen and Mike Etheridge 112THE BMR REGIONAL SEISMIC LINE ACROSS THE AMADEUS BASIN, CENTRALAUSTRALIA: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE TECTONICS OF THE BASIN AND FORHYDROCARBON EXPLORATIONR.D. Shaw, R.J. Korsch, B.R. Goleby and C. Wright 113STRUCTURE OF THE PERMIAN-MESOZOIC EASTERN AUSTRALIAN BASINSCOMPLEX, WITH EMPHASIS ON THE BMR BOWEN BASIN DEEP SEISMICPROFILESR.J. Korsch, K.D. Wake-Dyster and D.W. Johnstone 114

Technical Session 6(f)Geoscience Education IV

SYDNEY UNIVERSITIES' CONSORTIUM OF GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICSJohn Roberts 115AUSTRALIAN INSTITUTE OF GEOSCIENTISTS (AIG) AND TERTIARYEDUCATIONJ.Thomson 116EDUCATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGYB. Nicholls 116MINING OR THE ENVIRONMENT - GEOLOGY'S DILEMMA!R. Stutchbury 117

Technical Session 7(a)Petroleum Exploration VIII - Reservoir and Source Rock Geochemistry

THERMAL HISTORIES AND ILLITE GROWTH IN SEDIMENTARY BASINSP.J. Hamilton and M. Giles 118INTEGRATING TIME SPECIFIC AND TIME DEPENDENT TEMPERATUREINDICATORS FOR THERMAL HISTORIES OF SEDIMENTARY BASINSP.J. Eadington and P.J. Hamilton 119SEDIMENTARY PROVENANCE USING Nd ISOTOPES: APPLICATION TOPETROLEUM EXPLORATION IN THE EROMANGA BASIND.J. Whitford and P.J. Hamilton 120FLUID FLOW HISTORY OF E. TRIASSIC NARRABEEN GROUP SANDSTONESOF THE SOUTHERN SYDNEY BASING. Bai, J. Keene, P.J. Eadington, P.J. Hamilton and I. Macdougall 122

Technical Session 7(b)Mineral Exploration V - Electromagnetic Interpretation

INTERPRETATION OF POLARISATION EFFECTS OBSERVED IN TEM FIELDDATAPeter Elliott 123EXAMPLES OF DATA PROCESSED USING A NEW TECHNIQUE FORPRESENTATION OF COINCIDENT AND IN-LOOP IMPULSE-RESPONSETRANSIENT ELECTROMAGNETIC DATAR. Smith and G. Buselli 123A STUDY OF GALVANIC RESPONSE IN THE TEM RESPONSE OF CONDUCTIVEORE BODIESMichael W. Asten 124QUANTITATIVE RESISTANCE AND CAPACITIVE ELECTRODES: NEWDEVELOPMENTS IN INDUCTIVE SOURCE RESISTIVITYJames Macnae and Patrick McGowan 124

XII

Technical Session 7(c)Coal, Groundwater and Engineering I - Coal

PLIO-PLEISTOCENE COAL RESOURCES IN A FOREARC BASIN SETTINGMEULABOH, WEST ACEH, SUMATRAHadiyanto and A.C. Cook 125COAL POTENTIAL AND RESOURCES IN THE SOUTH SUMATRA BASIN,INDONESIARubianto Amier 125A COMPARISON OF EXPLORATION METHODS OF TWO INDONESIAN TERTIARYCOAL DEPOSITSDavid J. Mason 126TRANSMISSION CHARACTERISTICS OF IN-SEAM SEISMIC WAVES THROUGHDYKES AT GERMAN CREEK CENTRAL COLLIERY, QLDL.A. Drake and R.D. Hewson 127

Technical Session 7(d)Exploration Management II - Legal Aspects

PERSONAL LEGAL LIABILITY OF CONSULTANTSMichael Sharwood 129RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN ENVIRONMENTAL LAW AS THEY RELATE TOEXPLORATIOND. Maloney 130THE CHANGING LEGISLATIVE ENVIRONMENT FOR EXPLORATIONPeter J. Rose 130

Technical Session 7(e)Petroleum Exploration IX - Cretaceous to Recent Tectonics

THE CRUSTAL STRESS PATTERN IN THE AUSTRALIAN CONTINENTDavid Denham and Christopher R. Windsor 132THE ROLE OF INTRAPLATE STRESS IN TERTIARY (AND MESOZOIC)DEFORMATION OF THE AUSTRALIAN CONTINENT AND ITS MARGINS:A KEY FACTOR IN PETROLEUM TRAP FORMATIONMike Etheridge, Herb McQueen and Kurt Lambeck 132TECTONIC EVOLUTION OF THE DURROON BASIN, TASMANIAPeter Baillie and Robert Pickering 133TERTIARY UPLIFT ESTIMATION FROM VELOCITY DATA IN THE EROMANGABASINJane Rodgers, Fred L Wehr and John W. Hunt 134

Technical Session 7(f)Theoretical Research

SEISMIC MIGRATION AND MATHEMATICAL MAPPINGPeter W. Buchen 135HIERARCHICAL DECOMPOSITION AND INVERSIONJacob Tjeerd Fokkema 135SOURCE SCALING AND THE DYNAMITE SIGNATUREA.M. Ziolkowski 136

Technical Session 8(a)Petroleum Exploration X - Seismic Data Processing

MAXIMUM ENTROPY REFLECTION TOMOGRAPHYPeter Whiting 137MODEL BASED INTERVAL VELOCITY ANALYSISShannon Maher, George Mellman and David Hadley 137A NEW CMP STACK CONCEPT BASED ON THE BORN APPROXIMATIONFriedemann Wenzei 138A HIGHER ORDER APPROXIMATION FORMULA FOR TRAVEL TIME OFREFLECTION WAVES AND ITS APPLICATION TO NMO CORRECTIONAND VELOCITY ANALYSISYuzuru Ashida, Norio Tenma and Koichi Sassa 138

XIII

Technical Session 8(b)Mineral Exploration VI - Airborne Resistivity Mapping

PROCESSING OF AIRBORNE TEM DATA TO ALLOW ACCURATE CONDUCTIVITYMAPPINGAndrew C. Duncan 139SIGNAL PROCESSING CONCEPTS FOR AIRBORNE SIROTEM DATAJ.P. Cull 140AN APPLICATION OF AIRBORNE GEOTEM* IN AUSTRALIAN CONDITIONSA.P. Annan and R. Lockwood 140GEOLOGIC-GEOPHYSICAL MODELS OF KIMBERLITE PIPESV.A. Erkhov 141

Technical Session 8(c)Coal, Groundwater and Engineering II - Coal

HIGH RESOLUTION SEISMIC FOR RESOLVING COAL SEAM STRUCTURE INDIFFICULT TERRAINJ. Saunders, P. Lamb and D. Sweeney 146A NUMERICAL STUDY OF ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE PROPAGATION (RIM)IN DISRUPTED COAL SEAMSG. Liu, G. Smith, S. Thomson, K. Vozoff and P. Hatherly 1463D SEISMIC REFLECTION: EXAMPLES OF ITS APPLICATION TO MINEPLANNING AND SAFETY IN AUSTRALIAN COALFIELDSA.N. Lamboume, P.J. Hatherly and B.J. Evans 147SEISMIC MODELLING - AN AID TO SHALLOW REFLECTION SEISMICACQUISITION AND INTERPRETATIONO. Dixon and S. Heam 147

Technical Session 8(d)Petroleum Exploration XI - Cretaceous to Recent Tectonics

TERTIARY STRUCTURING IN SOUTHWEST QUEENSLAND: IMPLICATIONSFOR PETROLEUM EXPLORATIONR.D.Shaw 152STRUCTURAL STYLES, CEPU OIL FIELDS, JAVA, INDONESIAN. Soeparyono and P. Lennox 153TECTONIC EVOLUTION OF BASS STRAIT - ORIGINS OF TERTIARYINVERSIONIan M. Young, Mark A. Trupp and Michael J. Gidding 153

Technical Session 8(e)Regional, Crustal and Geothermal IVElectrical Conductivity, Temperature and Petrology

THE ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY STRUCTURE OF THE OCEANICLITHOSPHERE BENEATH THE TASMAN SEAG.S. Heinson and F.E.M. Lilley 154HETEROGENEITY IN THE THERMAL STATE OF THE LOWER CRUST ANDUPPER MANTLE BENEATH EASTERN AUSTRALIAN.J. Pearson, S.Y. O'Reilly and W.L Griffin 154IMPLICATIONS FOR GEOTHERMAL PROFILING FROM MAGNETOTELLURICDATAJ.D. Gray and J.P. Cull 155IMPORTANT PETROLOGICAL EVIDENCE FOR THE EROMANGA-BRISBANETRANSECTY.D. Chen, S.Y. O'Reilly and W.L. Griffin 155

Plenary Session V

A CASE HISTORY OF GEOSCIENTISTSK.R. Glasson 157

XIV

THE TALE OF THE BIG OCKER AND THE FINK:The Evolution of Geophysics in BHPPhillip G. Harman 158THE CASE FOR EXPLORATIONISTSJ.P. Froning 159

Technical Session 9(a)Petroleum Exploration XII - Interpretation Methods

SEISMIC AVO ANALYSIS OF A PERMIAN GAS SAND AT KERNA FIELD,COOPER BASIN, SOUTH AUSTRALIAJ. Pinchin and A.B. Mitchell 160HARRIET FIELD TWO DIMENSIONAL MODELLING STUDYMark W. Ballesteros 160COASTAL EOLIAN DEPOSITS AND OIL PRODUCTION: MODERN ANDANCIENT EXAMPLESSteven G. Fryberger 161THE SEARCH FOR SUBTLE STRATIGRAPHIC TRAPS WITH HIGH RESOLUTIONSEISMIC DATA: EXAMPLES FROM THE POWDER RIVER BASIN, NE WYOMING,USAJohn B. Frederick 162

Technical Session 9(b)Mineral Exploration VII - Case Studies

PROTEROZOIC DYKES AS AN INDICATOR OF STRUCTURAL CONTROLS ONGOLD DEPOSITS IN THE YILGARN BLOCK, WAD.J. Isles and A.C. Cooke 163AIRBORNE, GROUND AND BOREHOLE ELECTRICAL SURVEYS - A CASEHISTORY OF THE FLYING DOCTOR DEPOSIT, BROKEN HILLE.D. Tyne and S.S. Webster 164THE APPLICATION OF DRILLHOLE MAGNETOMETRY AND MISE-A-LA-MASSEIN THE EXPLORATION FOR NICKEL SULPHIDES, FINLAND - DISCOVERY OFTHE TELKKALA OREBODYR. Pietila 165FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC SOUNDINGS FOR DEEP MASSIVESULPHIDE OREBODY DETECTIONJ. Bernard, B. Bourgeois and P. Valla 166

Technical Session 9(c)Coal, Groundwater and Engineering III - Groundwater

THE USE OF ELECTRO-GEOPHYSICAL METHODS FOR GROUNDWATERPOLLUTION AND SOIL SALINITY PROBLEMSG. Buselli, C. Barber, G.B. Davis and D.R. Williamson 167RECHARGE, SALINITY AND LAND-USE CHANGE IN NORTH-EASTERN NSWS.J. Lawson, R.M. Williams, G.W. Gates and J.A. Odins 167THE USE OF ELECTRICAL IMAGING TECHNIQUES FOR THE INVESTIGATIONOF DRYLAND SALINITYR.I. Acworth and D. Scott 169PRE-TERTIARY BASEMENT STRUCTURE OF THE CENTRAL MURRAY BASIN,AND ITS EFFECT ON GROUNDWATER FLOW PATTERNSJ.A. Odins, R.M. Williams, D.J. O'Neill and S.J. Lawson 170

Technical Session 9(d)Petroleum Exploration XIII - Seismic Data Acquisition and Case Histories

THREE-COMPONENT SEISMIC: FIELD IMPLEMENTATION ANDOPERATIONS WITH OMNIPHONED.R. Miles, G.S. Gassaway and J.E. DeBoer 171THE 'OCEAN'S OVERTURE' ON THE NORTH WEST SHELF OF AUSTRALIACharles Ramsden 171

XV

Technical Session 9(e)Regional, Crustal and Geothermal V - Seismic Studies, Worldwide

DEEP CRUSTAL STRUCTURE IN THE GULF OF ST LAWRENCE FROMCOINCIDENT SEISMIC REFLECTION AND REFRACTION SURVEYSM.C. Dentith, J. Hall, F. Marillier, K. Michel, I. Reidand B. Roberts 173EVOLUTION OF THE CAPE EGMONT FAULT ZONE, TARANAKI BASIN,NEW ZEALANDGlenn P. Thrasher 174GEOPHYSICAL DATA PROCESSING AND INTERPRETATION IN AN AREA OFOF COMPLEX STRUCTURE - THE SOUTHERN TARANAKI FAULT ZONEJ.F. Montalbetti and D.J. Norris 175DEEP STRUCTURE OF BAIKAL RIFT ZONE - THE BIGGEST ASIANCONTINENTAL STRUCTUREM. Mandelbaum 176

Technical Session 10(a)Petroleum Exploration XIV - Case Histories

THE ROLE OF SEISMIC ADVANCES IN REDUCING EXPLORATION RISK IN THENORTHERN PERTH BASINR.L Neale 178EROMANGA BASIN SEISMIC STRATIGRAPHY AND TECTONIC MODELLING -KEYS TO EXPLORATION SUCCESS IN ATP 299PB. Edwards 178THE CHALLIS AND CASSINI OILFIELDS TIMOR SEA, AUSTRALIAT. Slate and G. Grubitz 179DIAGENETIC RESERVOIR EVALUATION, SOUTHERN COOPER BASINJ.P. Schultz-Rojahn, A Alsop, J.,Eleftheriou, A. Thomas, B.B. Farrow,N. Lemon, S.E. Phillips and W.J. Stuart 180

Technical Session 10(b)Mineral Exploration VIII - Case Studies

GEOPHYSICAL METHODS FOR MINERAL EXPLORATION IN THE SOVIETFAR EASTV.N. Gagaev and N.K. Zhdan 181DEPOSIT MODELS FOR DETRITAL HEAVY MINERALS ON EAST ASIANSHELF AREAS AND THEIR GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATIONJohn Ringis 189THE ROLE OF GEOPHYSICS IN EXPLORATION AT JUNCTION REEFS ANDTHE SHEAHAN-GRANTS GOLD MINE, CENTRAL N.S.W.Steve Collins 189THE MOUNT LEYSHON ORE DEPOSIT: IMPLICATIONS FOR REGIONALEXPLORATIONI. Hodkinson and B.D. Kay 190

Technical Session 10(c)Coal, Groundwater and Engineering IV - Engineering

GROUND PENETRATING RADAR RESPONSE TO BOUNDING SURFACESAND LITHOFACIES VARIATIONS IN SAND BARRIER SEQUENCESP.L Baker 191INTEGRATING GEOPHYSICAL TECHNIQUES TO STUDY A SMALL CONFINEDAQUIFERPaul J. Wolfe and Benjamin H. Richard 191EVALUATION OF P- AND S-WAVE SOURCES FOR SHALLOW SEISMICREFLECTIONS.J. Hearn, M.H. Kay and O. Dixon 192CHARACTERISATION OF AUSTRALIAN GROUNDWATERS AS ANEXPLORATION STRATEGYAngela Giblin 192

XVI

Technical Session 10(d)Regional, Crustal and Geothermal VISediments and Structure of Basins and Rifts

MODELLING THE FILL OF SEDIMENTARY BASINSJ.C. Tipper 194STRUCTURE AND STRATIGRAPHY OF THE NEW CALEDONIA BASINChris Uruski and Ray Wood 194DEEP SEISMIC REFLECTION LINES ACROSS THE RHINE GRABENFriedemann Wenzel and the ECORS/DEKORP Working Group 195RIFTING AND PETROLEUM POTENTIAL OF SIBERIAN SEDIMENTARY BASINSV.S. Surkov and V.I. Lotyshev 195

Poster Session - Petroleum Exploration

PALAEOGEOGRAPHY AND SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHYJohn Bradshaw, Marita Bradshaw, Robert Langford and Gerry Wilford 202NON-DESTRUCTIVE CORE ANALYSIS USING X-RAY COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHYL. Coshell, J. Scott, A.M. Knights, B.J. Evans and M.W. Hill 202SOURCE OF METALS IN THE MISSISSIPPI VALLEY-TYPE DEPOSITS IN THECANNING BASIN, NORTHWESTERN AUSTRALIAB.L. Gulson, H. Etminan and K.J. Mizon 203THE NUMERICAL MODELLING OF SANDSTONE PINCH-OUTS AND DRAPESIN THE BOWEN BASIN, QUEENSLANDBrian Evans, Paul Carter and David Khoo 203TECTONOSTRATIGRAPHIC EVOLUTION OF THE VULCAN SUB-BASINR.R. Hillis, J. Lorenzo and C.C. von der Borch 205GEOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT AND HYDROCARBON POTENTIAL OF THEOFFSHORE NORTH PERTH BASINJ.F. Marshall, C.-S. Lee, D.C. Ramsay, G.W. O'Brien and A.M.G. Moore 206INTERPRETATION OF THREE-COMPONENT SEISMIC DATAD.R. Miles, G.S. Gassaway, LE. Bennett and R.A. Brown 208ADVANCES IN TECHNIQUES OF SURFACE GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATIONFOR HYDROCARBONS IN AUSTRALIADon Rigby and Rob Pallaser 208RECENT ADVANCES IN SEISMIC IMAGINGKarl L Schleicher and Matthew A. Brzostowski 209THE CHARACTERIZATION AND EVALUATION OF CRUDE OILS AND SOURCEROCKS - THE ALKANE APPROACHJohn W. Smith, Don Rigby, Luo Binjie, Song Zhiguang and Wang Yuxiao 210A MULTI-DISCIPLINARY APPROACH TO AVO ANALYSISJ.A. Ward, M.A. Hall, and T.C. Southren 210APPLICATION OF THE LASER RAMAN MICROPROBE IN PETROLEUMEXPLORATIONJohn R. Wilmshurst, George Hladky, Michael V. Ellacott andCarol P. Buckingham 213USING SEISMIC WAVETESTS TO DETERMINE VELOCITY STRUCTURERoger A. Young 214

Poster Session - Mineral Exploration

NORTHEASTERN NEW SOUTH WALES - CAN RADIOMETRIC DATA MAPDIFFERENT GRANITOIDS?A. Agostini, E.D. Tyne, P.L. Kennedy and W. Worakanok 215HUMINEX SYSTEM OF GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATIONW.E. Baker 215QUANTITATIVE DESCRIPTION OF SHAPE IN PETROGRAPHIC IMAGE ANALYSISM. Benhamou, A.R. Ramsden, D.H. French 216INVESTIGATION OF TAILINGS DAMS RESERVES, EMPEROR GOLD MINE, FIJIMalcolm E. Cox and Andrew M. Foley 217A COMPARISON OF TEM (TRANSIENT ELECTROMAGNETIC) SYSTEMSCURRENTLY AND MOST WIDELY USED IN AUSTRALIAP.J.Elliott 218

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GEOCHEMISTRY AND MORPHOLOGY OF GOLD IN LATERITIC PROFILES INSAVANNA AND SEMI-ARID CLIMATESP. Freyssinet, LM. Lawrance and C.R.M. Butt 219NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS IN THE 1990s - UNIQUE SOLUTIONSTO MINERAL EXPLORATION PROBLEMSDavid L. Garnett and Helen M. Waldron 220THE GENESIS AND SEDIMENTATION OF SAPPHIRES FOUND AT WELLINGROVEPhillip G.L Harlow 223APPLICATION OF PHYSICAL PROPERTY MEASUREMENTS IN BASE METALEXPLORATION: SHEEP CREEK DEPOSIT, MONTANA, U.S.A.Gregory M. Hollyer 224THE APPLICATION OF A NEW FIELD-PORTABLE REFLECTANCE SPECTROMETER(PIMA) FOR IN-SITU MINERAL IDENTIFICATION IN EXPLORATIONJ.F. Huntington and T.D. Cocks 225THE SPECTREM AIRBORNE ELECTROMAGNETIC SYSTEMP.S. Klinkert 226NORTHWESTERN NEW SOUTH WALESCAN REGIONAL GEOPHYSICS LEAD TO MORE EXPLORATION?J.I. Mclntyre 226USE OF ZIRCONS TO RESOLVE ORIGINS OF SAPPHIRES IN EASTAUSTRALIAN GEM FIELDS - THE MYSTERIOUS CASE OF THESHUFFLING SAPPHIRE VOLCANOESF.L. Sutherland, P.D. Kinny and J.D. Hollis 227

Poster Session - Coal, Groundwater and Engineering

MICROGEOMETRICAL MODELS OF THE ELECTROMAGNETIC PROPERTIESOF GRANULAR GEOLOGICAL MATERIALSP.L Baker 229EFFECT OF PORE PRESSURE ON COMPRESSIONAL WAVE VELOCITY IN COALSG. Yu, K. Vozoff and D.W. Durney 230

Poster Session - Regional, Crustal and Geothermal

APPLICATION OF SECTION BALANCING TECHNIQUES TO DEEP SEISMICREFLECTION DATA FROM OFFSHORE EASTERN CANADAM.C. Dentith and J. Hall 231TECTONOSTRATIGRAPHIC EVOLUTION OF THE VULCAN SUB-BASINR.R. Hillis, J. Lorenzo and C.C. von der Borch 231IMPROVED ESTIMATION OF LATERAL VELOCITY INHOMOGENEITY FOR USEIN SEISMIC MIGRATIONBeverley Moore 232APPLICATION OF DYNAMIC PROGRAMMING TO THE PROCESSING OF STnONGMOTION ACCELEROGRAMSIvan A. Mumme 233TOWARDS ACTUALISTIC MODELSSuzanne Y. O'Reilly and W.L. Griffin 234AU-PGE IN LAYERED MAFIC INTRUSIONS OF THE PINE CREEK GEOSYNCLINER.G. Warren 235THE HANMER BASIN, NEW ZEALANDRay Wood 236

Poster Session - Computer Applications

FAST, VERY ACCURATE POSITIONING WITH GPSErwin Frei, Rod Eckels and Chris Rizos 237DC RESISTIVITY INVERSION USING GENERAL-PURPOSE OPTIMISATIONSOFTWAREN.P. Merrick 237AN IMPROVED NAUDY BASED TECHNIQUE FOR ESTIMATING DEPTH FROMMAGNETIC PROFILESZhiqun Shi 238