The Five Themes of Geography

The Five Themes of Geography

By Miss K. RiceRevised by Mr. K. Buege

The 5 Themes of Geography

1. Location2. Movement3. Region4. Place5. Human/ Environment Interaction

(HEI)6. 5 Themes of Geography video

Theme # 1: LocationWhere is it??Where is it??

Location:

• There are two types of LOCATION!!

• Absolute (its exact location on the Earth)Absolute (its exact location on the Earth)

• Relative (its location in relation to other Relative (its location in relation to other places)places)

Absolute Location:

• Absolute Location is found by using…

• Two specific line types

• LatitudeLatitude

• LongitudeLongitude

Absolute Location: • Latitude Lines

AKA (Parallels)

Latitude lines are drawn from: East to WestEast to West

Latitude lines measure: North to SouthNorth to South

• The Major Line of LATITUDE is the:• EquatorEquator

• It splits the Earth into:It splits the Earth into:

• the Northern and the Northern and

Southern HemispheresSouthern Hemispheres

Absolute Location:

Define Hemisphere:

• Half of a globe Half of a globe

(in our case the Earth)(in our case the Earth)

• Other important lines of LATITUDE:

• 22 1/3 * North = Tropic of Cancer• 22 1/3 * South = Tropic of Capricorn

• They are important because: They get the most direct sunlight making these areas the hottest places on Earth

Absolute Location:

• Other important lines:• 66 1/2 * North = Arctic Circle• 66 1/2 * South = Antarctic Circle

They are important because:These areas get the least amount of sunlight. Part of the year there is no sunlight and the other part of the year there is no darkness.

Absolute Location:

• Longitude Lines

AKA (Meridians)

Latitude lines are drawn from: North to SouthNorth to South

Latitude lines measure: East to WestEast to West

Absolute Location:

• The Major Line of LONGITUDE is the:• Prime MeridianPrime Meridian

• It splits the Earth into:It splits the Earth into:

• the Eastern and the Eastern and

Western HemispheresWestern Hemispheres

Absolute Location:

Absolute Location:

30*N 15*W

45*S 45*E

30*S 60*W

15*N 30*E

30*N 60*W

45*N 45*E

60*S 60*W

60*N 30*W

30*S 15*E

60*S 75*E

Relative Location:

• Location in relation to other placesLocation in relation to other places

Figure out where Texas is in relation to other states/countries

• Question related to theme of location:Question related to theme of location:““Where is this place Where is this place located and how has located and how has its location affected it?”its location affected it?”

Theme # 2: Movement• How are people linked together?How are people linked together?

Movement:

• Movement describes how…Movement describes how…

• How people in one area contact How people in one area contact people in other areaspeople in other areas

Movement:• The world is constantly changing,

and places are affected by the movement of:– People– Goods– Ideas– Physical forces

How is this place changing and why?

Theme # 3: Region

• What does it have in common?What does it have in common?

Region:

• A region describes:• Areas that have something in

commonOrOr

An area that has one or more features that make it different An area that has one or more features that make it different from surrounding areas.from surrounding areas.

• Examples of physical regions include climates; vegetation zones; biomes; general physical areas, such as mountains; and specific physical areas, such as the Rocky Mountains.

• Examples of cultural regions include Scandinavia, Latin America, and the Bible Belt.

• Examples of global regions include areas with similar soil types, religions, climates, languages.

• Examples of local regions include school districts, newspaper-circulation areas, and zip code and zoning areas.

Region:

• Regions are fundamental organizing units of geography. • Geographers use regions to give order to the earth’s surface.

• We organize space into regions every day. Every time we refer to an area by saying:– “I’m going downtown” or “down South,” or “I’d like to live in that

neighborhood,” we are using the concept of regions.

· How would you know you had left one region · How would you know you had left one region and entered another?and entered another?

· What characteristics make one region · What characteristics make one region different from another?different from another?

· How do you determine the boundaries · How do you determine the boundaries of a region?of a region?

Theme # 4: Place What is it like?What is it like?

Every place is unique and has its own Every place is unique and has its own personality and character.personality and character.

Examples:Examples:

weatherweather

plants and animalsplants and animals

historyhistory

peoplepeople

Place:W

hat a

re th

e

Wha

t are

the

uniq

ue fe

atur

es

uniq

ue fe

atur

es

of th

is p

lace

?

of th

is p

lace

?

Place: What are the unique What are the unique features of this place?features of this place?

Place:

Wha

t are

the

uniq

ue

Wha

t are

the

uniq

ue

feat

ures

of t

his

plac

e?

feat

ures

of t

his

plac

e?

Place:

Each PLACE on Earth has it own:

DISTINCT CHARACTERISTICSDISTINCT CHARACTERISTICS

Two types:Two types:

HumanHuman

OrOr

PhysicalPhysical

(something that makes it different than any other place in the world)

????????????????????????????????

•What is the difference between

Location & Place?

What is the difference between Location & Place?

Location: 5* S , 68 * WLocation: 5* S , 68 * W

What is the difference between Location & Place?

Place: DescribePlace: Describe

• How do we interact with our environment?How do we interact with our environment?

Human/Environment Interaction:

HEI:

• What is an environment?–Natural Surroundings

• Human/Environment Interaction explains:–How people use and change their

environment

HEI:

• The environment influences how:

• We live

• Example: What is

the environment

like and how does it

affect the people who

live there

HEI = Global Warming

• Global Warming Global Warming

could be an example ofcould be an example of

how we affect the environmenthow we affect the environment

HEI = Global Warming

1979 2005

What is happening because of global warming?

Location:AIQ

Movement:DLM

GeographicThemes

Place:EGOP

Human/Environment Interaction:

BHJN

Can you place the geographic term with

the correct geographic theme!?!?

EquatorBuilding roadsSouthwest AsiaVisiting another countryOn an island Western USA very hot climatePlanting cropslongitude

Cutting down forestsYour neighborhoodChanging your addressWritten lettersBuilding new housesAreas with little rainfallSwiss chalets & high mts = SwitzerlandTexas is south of Oklahoma

Region:

CFK

Location:AIQ

GeographicThemes

Human/Environment Interaction:

BHJN

EquatorBuilding roadsSouthwest AsiaVisiting another countryOn an island Western USA very hot climatePlanting cropslongitude

Cutting down forestsYour neighborhoodChanging your addressWritten lettersBuilding new housesAreas with little rainfallSwiss chalets & high mts = SwitzerlandTexas is south of Oklahoma

Region:

CFK

Location:AIQ

GeographicThemes

Human/Environment Interaction:

BHJN

EquatorBuilding roadsSouthwest AsiaVisiting another countryOn an island Western USA very hot climatePlanting cropslongitude

Cutting down forestsYour neighborhoodChanging your addressWritten lettersBuilding new housesAreas with little rainfallSwiss chalets & high mts = SwitzerlandTexas is south of Oklahoma

Region:

CFK

Location:AIQ

GeographicThemes

Human/Environment Interaction:

BHJN

Place:EGOP

EquatorBuilding roadsSouthwest AsiaVisiting another countryOn an island Western USA very hot climatePlanting cropslongitude

Cutting down forestsYour neighborhoodChanging your addressWritten lettersBuilding new housesAreas with little rainfallSwiss chalets & high mts = SwitzerlandTexas is south of Oklahoma

Region:

CFK

Location:AIQ

GeographicThemes

Human/Environment Interaction:

BHJN

Place:EGOP

EquatorBuilding roadsSouthwest AsiaVisiting another countryOn an island Western USA very hot climatePlanting cropslongitude

Cutting down forestsYour neighborhoodChanging your addressWritten lettersBuilding new housesAreas with little rainfallSwiss chalets & high mts = SwitzerlandTexas is south of Oklahoma

Region:

CFK

Location:AIQ

GeographicThemes

Place:EGOP

a) Equatorb) Building roadsc) Southwest Asiad) Visiting another countrye) On an islandf) Western USg) A very hot climateh) Planting cropsi) longitude

j) Cutting down forestsk) Your neighborhoodl) Changing your addressm) Written lettersn) Building new houseso) Areas with little rainfallp) Swiss chalets & high mts = Switzerlandq) Texas is south of Oklahoma

Region:

CFK

Location:AIQ

GeographicThemes

Human/Environment Interaction:

BHJN

Movement:DLM

Can you place the geographic term with

the correct geographic theme!?!?

Place:

a) Equatorb) Building roadsc) Southwest Asiad) Visiting another countrye) On an islandf) Western USg) A very hot climateh) Planting cropsi) longitude

j) Cutting down forestsk) Your neighborhoodl) Changing your addressm) Written lettersn) Building new houseso) Areas with little rainfallp) Swiss chalets & high mts = Switzerlandq) Texas is south of Oklahoma

Region:

Location:

GeographicThemes

Human/Environment Interaction:

Movement:

Can you place the geographic term with

the correct geographic theme!?!?