The First IFRC International FA and Resuscitation Guidelines 2011.

The First IFRC International FA and

Resuscitation Guidelines2011

DO WE NEED AN IFRC GUIDELINE?

1. First aid policy implementation

2. Strategy 2020 – do more, do better, reach further

Future of First Aid

Strengths

Red Cross Recognition Combined resources of all National

Societies – science research, good practices in different environment and context

Knowledge of the needs of communities and citizens around the world with regard to FA and resuscitation

History of expertise in FA education

Weaknesses Limited resources in National Societies

Staff Revenue Etc…

Lack or limited scientific process and support of FA program

Opportunities Establish Red Cross as both leader in:

FA Education FA Science

Assist National Societies with Interpretation of science Creation of either updated and new programs

Begin an on-going Red Cross Scientific Process Disseminate science Harmonize FA approaches and improve FA

education/ curriculum based on science Answer on-going science questions Provide view of future sciences and changes to FA

Threats

Competition from other organizations in different countries

Different interpretation of science Difficulty in reaching and delivering programs to

community Loss of Red Cross Pre-eminence in

First Aid Training of public Preparing communities

History

ECC Guidelines Every 5 years evidence reviewed Guidelines published Commonly known

CPR PALS ACLS NRP

History

First Aid Guidelines First published in 2000

Mostly consensus

Published Again in 2005 Evidence based process US Focus

International First Aid Science Advisory Board

Co-Chaired by ARC AHA

Full Partnership of both organizations ARC was Co-Chair ARC has equal role in final approval of all

documents Full representation of IFRC since 2008 by a team

of 12 – a signed letter of agreement

Scope of First Aid

The International First Aid Science Advisory Board recognized that The scope of First Aid is not a purely

scientific one and is related to both training and/or regulatory issues.

The definition of scope is therefore variable and should be defined according to circumstances, need, and regulatory requirements.

Evidence Review

The evidence review by International First Aid Science Advisory Board confirmed the paucity of scientific evidence on First Aid subjects.

Many of the following recommendations have been made by extrapolation from the experience of health care professionals.

Research is needed to ensure that future guidelines are based on a larger body of scientific evidence.

Outcome

This critical review of the scientific literature resulted in a Consensus on Science for First Aid with Treatment Recommendations, from which these Guidelines are derived, and identified areas for future scientific research.

First IFRC First Aid & Resuscitation Guidelines

Based on the consensus of science

Purpose of the Guidelines – support NS to update its FA and resuscitation knowledge/practice/education in their FA materials according to the latest evidence based science

Goals Creation of International IFRC Guideline

First Aid Guidelines Based on IFASAB CoSTR and other Red Cross Science Interpreted for Red Cross Red Crescent National Societies

– Audience– Environments– Purposes

Resuscitation Guidelines Based on ILCOR CoSTR and other Red Cross Science Interpreted for Red Cross Red Crescent National Societies

– Audience– Environments– Purposes

Document General Points Sections

Introduction First Aid Resuscitation Psychology Education References

Document Key Points

Target Audience National Societies NS Medical and scientific Advisory

Groups Course and program development staff Leadership volunteers Not targeted at lay pubic

Document General Points Availability

Free to use but must be referenced Copyright

IFRC - Copies and translations of all or part of this document may be made for non-commercial use, providing the source is acknowledged. The International Federation would appreciate receiving details of its use.

Executive Summary Purpose of Document History of Process Where does this fit in IFRC FA Activities/Policy Link to S2020 and FA Policy Daily need and disaster need Link of science to practice Local adaptation

Epidemiology Cultural, religious, language Medications

Future updates, current science

General Principles Prevention Personal Safety Linkages to other healthcare Update/re-training Special Populations

Target for training Patient/victim

Ethics

General Approach to Patient/Victim

Assessment Airway Patient Position Call for help/EMS/further help

Major Sections First Aid Resuscitation Psychological Support/Mental Health Education

Topics – First Aid Overview/Introduction

History RC Movement Numbers, reach

Description of First Aid and definition Prevention Community, disaster, families, friends Different environments, developing countries

Scientific Foundation IFASAB CoSTR Red Cross Societies

First Aid Sub-Sections Medical Emergencies Injuries Environmental

Topics – First Aid Medical Emergencies

Allergic Reaction Poisoning Breathing difficulty Chest Pain Stroke Dehydration/GI

Distress

Seizure Diabetic Medications

Issues, role Oxygen, ASA

Shock Unconsciousness/

Altered Mental Status Patient

Positioning

Topics – First Aid Injuries

Foreign Body Airway Obstruction

Burns Thermal,

electrical, etc../

Bleeding Head and Spinal

Injury Chest and

Abdomen

Injured extremity Abrasion/wounds Dental Injury Eye Injuries Chemical Injuries

Topics – First Aid Environmental

Cold Emergencies/Injuries Heat Emergencies/Hypohydration Altitude

Topics First Aid Animal Bites and Stings

Snake Bites Marine Animals Insect Bites and Stings Animal Bites

Topics First Aid Drowning and SCUBA

Drowning Process Resuscitation Cervical Spine Injury for Drowning

Victims SCUBA/Decompression Illness

Topics – Resuscitation Introduction/Overview

History Description of Resuscitation Purpose of Document

International recommendations National societies may need to address their local resus

councils, etc… Scientific Foundation

ILCOR CoSTR Red Cross Societies

Scope Resuscitation skills as performed by the same group of

individuals who would provide first aid Scope of certification/training which society can provide Mostly BLS/BPLS

Topics - Resuscitation

Airway Obstruction Artificial Respiration CPR AED Methods of Providing Ventilations

Topics – Psychology

Rescuer Patient/Victim Mental Illness

Experiencing first aid emergency Other causes

Topics – Education

Simulation Retraining/updating Evaluation/monitoring/feedback Methodology

Self-efficacy Competency Based Messaging

Approach to Guideline Sections Introduction Summary of scientific foundation

Referencing prior scientific review including worksheet numbers, additional studies if strengthen or would lead to major shift in recommendation

Guideline/Recommendation System to grade strength of guideline

Recommendation Option Not Recommended

Implementation Considerations (only present if needed) Equipment Regulatory, Legal Environment/Context Training

Strength of Guideline

Lessons learnt from using the Guideline to update NS FA manuals in Belgium organised by the Belgian RC – Flanders, January 2011

• Guideline is useful to provide evidence to guide the FA matérial development

• Interpretation and selection of guideline/recommendations/options to be used and included in the FA matérials depends on:-

1. Target population – what level of FA do they need to learn?

2. The legislation of the country – what a first aid trained person/ volunteer is allowed to do? This varies from country to country.

3. Is the training appropriate or/and adequate for the people to learn that particular knowledge or skills included in the guideline/ recommendations/options?

4. Consider the most effective way for the target population’s learning .

Focal resource persons to advise

Africa zone Dr Pascal Cassan, European Reference Centre for First Aid Education, IFRC -

[email protected] Mr Rick Caissie, Canadian Red Cross - [email protected]

America’s zone Dr Richard Bradley, American Red Cross [email protected] Mr Rick Caissie, Canadian Red Cross - [email protected] Ms Samantha Roberts, Grenada Red Cross - [email protected]

Asia Pacific zone Dr KL Chung, Hong Kong Red Cross - [email protected] Dr Shen Hong, Red Cross Society of China - [email protected] Dr David Markenson, American RC - [email protected]

Europe zone Dr Gabor Gobl, Hungarian Red Cross - [email protected] Dr Susanne Schunder-Tatzber, Austrian Red Cross - [email protected] Dr Pascal Cassan, European Reference Centre for First Aid Education, IFRC -

[email protected]

MENA zone Dr Mohamed Halbourni, Egytian RC - [email protected] Dr David Markenson, American RC - [email protected]

Additional resource person: Ms Nana Wiedemann, Reference Centre for Psychosocial Support, IFRC

Focal persons in Geneva• Dr Pascal Cassan• Dr Ayham Alomari – [email protected]