The Evidence Take One…Lock and Key The Evidence All image sources, credits and acknowledgements are listed in slides 27-28.

Take One…Lock and KeyThe EvidenceThe Evidence

All image sources, credits and acknowledgements are listed in slides 27-28

Significance of locks and keys

Power & authority

St.Peter with keys to heaven - glass panel

Related words and expressions

Meaning: a way into something important• key word• key fact• keys to my heart • unlocking your potential ………..

A History of locks and keys

Roman & Medieval keys

Warded locks

Intricate & Masterpiece locks

Portable locks

Lockpicking

Our Lock and Key

When, how and where was the lock made?

Gaol key

Willenhall’s Locksmithing Industry

Hereford County Gaol

Conditions at the County Gaol

The end of the gaol

Other gaols in Hereford

Prisoners in Hereford Gaol

List of prisoners March 20th 1854

Picture Credits & Further Info - Page 1The use and significance of locks and keys

• Great chest from Trinity College Oxford 1556• Hacienda door, Locked door at Santa Marta Colombia, Flickr -6766602633_744bb928ce_z.jpg• St.Peter with keys to heaven painted glass panel: Nadia V&A Digital, Victoria and Albert Museum• Monk/cellerar sneaking a drink of wine - 170px-Monk_sneaking_a_drink.jpg• Replica antique jailers keys, httpredskytrader.comimagesproduct-images9_06_07_499g.jpg.jpg• Monk/cellerar sneaking a drink of wine - 170px-Monk_sneaking_a_drink.jpg• Further information:• Leyser, Henrietta. Medieval Women. A Social History of Women in England 450-1500. Weidenfeld and Nicolson. (General information on women in Medieval times)• A History of locks and keys• Egyptian wooden door lock illustration: http://www.locks.ru/germ/informat/schlagehistory.htm• Anglo-Saxon iron latch lifters from Lincolnshire: Portable antiquities record Unique ID: LIN-E7A961 http://finds.org.uk/database/artefacts/record/id/163906• Roman locksmith Aquileia sketch by Raine Borg.jpg: http://www.historicallocks.com/en/site/hl/Other-locks/19-Keys-and-locks-from-Imperial-Rome/Society/• Roman keys ( 2 casket and one slide key in iron), Roman keys liveauctioneers.com item 8250899.jpg• Roman tumbler slide bolt, http://www.etsy.com/listing/29814659/ancient-roman-lock-bolt• 2 Roman tumbler slide keys of copper alloy, Roman keys, nl.wikipedia.org.jpg• 4 medieval keys Salisbury museum.jpg• Ward key illustration: Wikipedia ‘Warded locks’ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warded_lock• Roman key ring from London: Museum of London, accession number 2011• 17th century key and lock: http://blackbag.nl/?p=2096• Iron medieval treasury lock, RGBStock.com.jpg• 14th-15th century lock mechanism: from http://www.locks.ru/germ/informat/schlagehistory.htm• The Beddington Lock: Victorian and Albert Museum• Joseph Bramah picture: British Library• Bramah Lock: The History of Locks Museum, Library & Forum. Administrator: Brian Morland. The on-line community for all interested in Early English and

European Locks & Keys • Further information: • British Museum. Guide to the Antiquities of Roman Britain. (Drawings of locks and keys)• London Museum Medieval Catalogue, Medieval Catalogue 1954. (Detailed catalogue of Medieval keys and some lock information)• Monk, Eric, 1999. Keys Their History and Collection. Shire Publications. (Good introductory guide to keys)• Ottaway: Products of the blacksmith in Mid-Late Anglo-Saxon England, 2 Locks and Keys http://www.pjoarchaeology.co.uk/docs/14/anglosaxon-ironwork-part-2.pdf• http://www.londoncitylocks.com/a-brief-history-of-locksmiths-1.php• http://www.londoncitylocks.com/a-brief-history-of-locksmiths-2.php• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Locksmithing• www.lockwiki.com/index.php/Locksport

Picture Credits & Further Info - Page 2• Hereford County Gaol Lock and key • All images of gaol lock and key: Herefordshire Museum Service• Prisondoor460.jpg• When, how and where was the lock made?• Willenhall locksmith demonstrators: Copyright Jim Evans, 2002 http://www.localhistory.scit.wlv.ac.uk/articles/Willenhall/20thcentury.htm• Gaol Key: Herefordshire Museum Service• Willenhall locksmith adverts: Copyright Jim Evans, 2002 http://www.localhistory.scit.wlv.ac.uk/Museum/locks/gazetteer/gazs.htm• Backyard Locksmith’s house: http://www.localhistory.scit.wlv.ac.uk/Museum/locks/History2.htm• http://www.bclm.co.uk/media/locations/library/lh-history.pdf• Hereford county gaol • Plan of Hereford County gaol in 1925 (Herefordshire Archives Service)• The front view of the gaol buildings in 1925 (Herefordshire Archives Service)• Bye Street Gate in 1785: British library• Photograph of gaol by FC Morgan in Herefordshire Museum Service• Treadmill at Preston Prison in Lancashire 1905 prison-treadmill-55317902354.jpeg • Prisoners awaiting transportation to Australia, coadcoode.blogspot.com.jpg, and www.ancestry.com.au. And http://www.theage.com.au/• Further information: • Green, Miranda 2003. Prisons, The Development of the Prison System http://www.herefordshire.gov.uk/htt/655.aspx• Royal Commission on the Historical Monuments of England. County Gaol and House of Correction NBR no.9372. Pamphlet in Herefordshire Archives

Service• Shoesmith, Ron 1992. Hereford: History and Guide. Alan Sutton Publishing (Information about the gaols of Hereford)• Shoesmith, R. & Crosskey, R. Go to Gaol… Transactions of the Woolhope Naturalists’ Field Club XLVII 1994 Part 1• Sites and Monuments Record no. 20124. http://www.herefordshire.gov.uk/htt/smrSearch/Monuments/Monument_Item.aspx?ID=20124• Prisoners in Hereford gaol• All images of Prisoners: Herefordshire Archives Service• Acknowledgements• Many thanks to Rhys Griffith at the Herefordshire Archives Service for his assistance, Roger Pearce for photographing the key and the owner of Lock

Stock and Barrel of Hereford for helpful information regarding the gaol lock.• Author• Judy Stevenson, • Senior Collections and Access Officer, Museum Resource and Learning Centre, • 58 Friar Street, Hereford. HR4 0AS. • Tel: 01432 383593 [email protected]

Take One…Lock and Key