The Endocrine System by: Group 3 II-Aristotle
Welcome message from author
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
The Endocrine Systemby: Group 3 II-Aristotle
The Endocrine System
-is made up of ductless (without tubes) glands which produce and release chemicals called hormones directly into the bloodstream.
Hormones
-is a chemical released by a cell or a gland in one part of the body that sends out messages that affect cells in other parts of the organism.
Endocrine System
Endocrine System
Hypothalamus
-is a portion of the brain that contains a number of small nuclei with a variety of functions.-It controls body temperature, hunger, thirst, fatigue, sleep and circadian cycles.
Endocrine System
Pituitary Gland-is considered as the most important of the endocrine glands because it controls the activities of other endocrine glands as well as other body processes.-It produces the growth hormone which stimulates cell division and the growth of muscles and bones.
Endocrine System
Pineal Gland-is an outgrowth of the brain.-It produces melatonin, a hormone that regulates the body’s day- night cycles.-During the day, when more of this hormone is produced, the body is active. At night, when less of the hormone is produced, the body feels drowsy.
Endocrine System
Thyroid Gland-located at the base of the neck. It produces thyroxine that controls the rate at which the body cells use food to release energy.-It also produces calcitonin, which reduces blood calcium levels by causing calcium to be deposited in bones.
Endocrine System
Parathyroid Gland-are two pairs of pea-sized glands found near the thyroid. The hormone produced by these glands helps control the level of calcium in the blood. If calcium level is low, the glands increase their hormone production which causes the bones to release more calcium blood. If the calcium level is too high, the glands lessen their production of the hormone.
Endocrine System
Thymus-is located in the upper thorax behind the breast bone and extends below the thyroid gland. The thymus large in infants and children but smaller in adults. The function of this gland is to cause lymphocytes (white blood cells) to become T -cells -the cells which become part of the body’s defense against infection.
Endocrine System
Adrenal Glands-has two parts-the cortex and the medulla. The cortex produces hormones that is affect the body metabolism. The hormones produced by the adrenals prepare the body for stress. For example, the hormone epinephrine (or adrenaline) increases pulse rate and rate of breathing; also speeds up the conversion of food into energy.
Endocrine System
Pancreas-Scattered throughout the pancreas are tiny glandular tissues called pancreatic islets (or islets of Langerhans) that produce the hormones glucagon and insulin. Insulin lowers blood sugar level while glucagon raises blood sugar level. So, the hormones in the pancreatic islets regulate the sugar level of the blood.
Endocrine System
Gonads
•Testes•Ovaries
Testes-They produce androgens (such as testosterone), the hormones which cause the development of secondary sex characteristics.
Ovaries-The ovaries produce estrogens and progesterone. Estrogens stimulate the development of secondary female sex characteristics as well as the growth of the inner lining of the uterus in preparation for implantation and development of a fertilized egg. In support of this reproductive function, the hormone progesterone also promotes growth of the uterine lining.
Related Documents
