QTYUIOP Copyright 1995 General Atomics F R E Q U E N C Y i n H E R T Z ( C Y C L E S p e r S E C O N D ) F R E Q U E N C Y in H E R T Z ( C Y C L E p e r S E C O N D ) W A V E L E N G T H I N M E T E R S one light-second earth's diameter football field pinhead red bloodcorpuscle polio virus atom proton 1 MICROMETER 1 NANOMETER 1 ANGSTROM (Å) 1 PICOMETER 1 FEMTOMETER 1 MEGAMETER 1 KILOMETER 1 METER 1 MILLIMETER 1 0 8 1 0 7 1 0 6 1 0 5 1 0 4 1 0 3 1 0 2 1 0 1 10 -1 10 -2 10 -3 10 -4 10 -5 10 -6 10 -7 1 0 -8 1 0 -9 1 0 -1 0 1 0 -1 1 1 0 - 1 2 1 0 - 1 3 1 0 - 1 4 1 0 - 1 5 1 0 - 1 6 M agnetrons, Klystrons, Harmonic Incandescent & Fluorescent X -R a y Tu b es, R a dio a ctiv e R o t a t i n g G e n e r a t o r s Ele ctr o nic T u b es a n d Se m iconductor Devices Parametric and M olecular Generators Lamps, Sparks, Arcs, Gas Isoto p es, H ig h V olt a g e X-Ray Tubes L i n e a r A c c e l e r a t o r s , B e t a t r o n s Electron & Ion Types S y n c h r o t r o n s , C y c l o t r o n s Oscillators & M asers Discharge Tubes & Lasers D C G e n e ra to rs A u d i o F r e q u e n c i e s Far Infrared Vacuum Ultraviolet Soft X-Rays Hard X-Rays Soft G a m m a R a ys H ard G a m m a R a y s Lo w M edium High V.H.F. Very High U.H.F. Ultra High Centimeter Millimeter Sub- Intermediate S e c o n d a r y C o s m i c R a y s Frequencies Frequencies Frequencies Frequencies Frequencies Waves Waves Millimeter Infrared ( G a m m a R a y s p r o d u c e d b y C o s m ic R a y s ) H E R T Z K IL O H E R T Z M EGAHERTZ GIGAHERTZ FREQUENCY in WAVE NOS (cm -1 ) PHOTON ENERGY in ELECTRON VOLTS (ev) THOUSANDS of ELECTRO N V OLTS (Kev) M IL LI O N S o f E L E C T R O N V O L T S ( M e v ) 10 9 10 10 10 11 10 12 10 13 10 14 10 15 10 16 10 17 10 18 10 19 1 0 20 1 0 2 1 1 0 2 2 1 0 2 3 1 0 2 4 1 0 1 0 2 1 0 3 1 0 4 1 0 5 10 6 10 7 10 8 Visible Light Visible Light L I G H T L I G H T T HE ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM X-RAY MICROWAVES RADIO WAVES INFRARED ULTRA VIOLET VISIBLE LIGHT Applications/Careers – Radar/Air Traffic Controller – Communications/Engineers – Cooking/Domestic Worker Applications/Careers – Communications/ Radio Personality, Engineer – Aircraft Guidance/Pilot – MRI/Medical Technician Applications/Careers – Medical Imaging/Technician – Astrophysics/Physicist – Crystallography/Scientist Applications/Careers – Sun Tanning/Lifeguard – Sterilization/Medical Technician – Protein Sequencing/Biologist Applications/Careers – Vision/Optometrist – Spectroscopy/Scientist – Astronomy/Astronomer Applications/Careers – Remote Control/Couch Potato – Laser/Precision metal worker – Heat imaging/Search & Rescue T HE ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM