© 2021 Hamid Ranjkesh Adarmanabadi, Arezou Rasti and Mehrdad Razavi. This open access article is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 license. American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences Original Research Paper The Effects of Cement Kiln Dust on the Soil Electrical Resistivity Hamid Ranjkesh Adarmanabadi, Arezou Rasti and Mehrdad Razavi Department of Mineral Engineering, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, United States Article history Received: 01-01-2021 Revised: 11-01-2021 Accepted: 14-01-2021 Corresponding Author: Hamid Ranjkesh Adarmanabadi Department of Mineral Engineering, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, United States Email: [email protected] Abstract: Electrical resistivity is a non-destructive, cost-effective and sensitive method to evaluate soil's physical and chemical properties. Electrical resistivity has been used widely in surface and subsurface exploration. The electrical resistivity is directly related to the subsurface geotechnical and geothermal properties like porosity, temperature, salinity and water content. Recently uses of waste material as an additive to improve the soil engineering properties are growing because of their cost- effectiveness. Cement Kiln Dust (CKD) is a waste material of the cement manufacturing process. CKD is widely used as an additive material in ground improvement to improve soil's geotechnical properties. This study is mainly focused on the effect of CKD on the electrical resistivity properties of the soil. In this study, the electrical resistivity of a natural soil slope treated with CKD and a test model in the laboratory was investigated. Besides, the effects of CKD on soil pH and electrical resistivity were studied by performing a series of tests to predict the soil's corrosivity potential. The soil was treated with 0, 5, 10 and 15% of CKD and the electrical resistivity of the soil was measured at different water contents, porosities and curing times. The results indicate that the soil's electrical resistivity increases by increasing the CKD content and curing time. Additionally, an increase in water content or porosity decreases the electrical resistivity of CKD treated soil. Furthermore, the electrical resistivity measurement is a practical method to determine the stabilized soil's geotechnical and geomechanical properties. Keywords: Cement Kiln Dust (CKD), Electrical Resistivity, Soil pH, Soil Corrosion, Soil Stabilization Introduction Soil electrical resistivity measurements determine how much the soil's resistance is in the flow of electricity. The soil resistivity patterns in different depths provide the subsurface heterogeneities and geotechnical properties (Samouëlian et al., 2005). Many factors affect the soil resistivity, including particle shape and size, moisture content, temperature, degree of saturation, porosity and chemical content. Due to these parameters' effect, the soil electrical resistivity has an extensive range and changes widely throughout the world and seasonally (Abu-Hassanein et al., 1996). The purpose of soil electrical resistivity measurement is to obtain geophysical and geotechnical data such as depth to bedrock, ore location, soil hydraulic conductivity, soil corrosiveness and its effects on the design of a grounding system (Kalinski and Kelly, 1993). Recently waste materials are widely used for soil improvement (Rouhanifar et al., 2020). Cement kiln dust is a waste material generated from the cement manufacturing process. This by-product of cement production is fine, powdery and alkaline and has wide application for many fields, especially in civil engineering works (Baghdadi et al., 1995). Soil stabilization with CKD increases the soil strength, soil pH and optimum water content and decreases the permeability and plasticity index (Ghazvinian and Razavi, 2010; Faramarzi et al., 2016; Ranjkesh Adarmanabadi et al., 2020). Electrical resistivity is an effective method to assess the physicochemical properties of natural and engineered soils (Cai et al., 2015). Some investigations indicate that the soil's electrical resistivity can determine the soil characterization and mechanical properties (Damasceno et al., 2009; Rinaldi and Cuestas, 2002).
The Effects of Cement Kiln Dust on the Soil Electrical Resistivity
May 03, 2023
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