THE EARTH'S CRUST The whole earth is made of rocks & minerals. I Inside the earth there is a liquid core of molten rock and on the outside there is a hard.

THE EARTH'S CRUST

The whole earth is made of rocks & minerals.

I

Inside the earth there is a liquid core of molten rock and on the outside there is a hard crust.

If you compare the earth to an egg, the shell on an egg is like the crust on the earth.

The crust is made up of rocks and minerals.

Much of the crust is covered by water, sand, soil and ice.

Below the loose layer of soil, sand & crumbled rocks found on Earth is bedrock, which is a solid rock.

Earth %The Crust makes up less than 1% of the Earth’s mass (0.4%)

• It is made of oxygen, magnesium aluminum, silicon calcium, sodium potassium, iron.

• There are 8 elements that make up 99% of the Earth’s crust. •

The continents are about 35 km thick and the ocean floors are about 7 lm thick.•

The Mantle is the solid casing of the Earth and is about 2900 km thick.

• It makes up about 70% of the Earth’s mass (68.1%).

• It is made up of silicon, oxygen, aluminum and iron.

• The Core is mainly made of iron and nickel and makes up about 30% of the Earth’s mass (31.5%).

• The Outer Core is 2200 km thick and is liquid and the Inner core is 1270 km thick and is solid.

Study Guide

Study Tips

Be able to identify the rock based on the rocky fact.

Be able to name all the rock types based on the silly sentences

Study the facts from the opening paragraphs

Gneiss Schist Quartzite

Marble Slate Phyllite

Silly Sentence (6)

Girls share quarters. Many share

Popcorn.

Breccia Shale Limestone Coal

Sandstone Rock Salt (Halite)

Conglomerate

Silly Sentence (7)

Boys share lollipop candy,

sometimes cherry red

• Examples (5)

Granite Obsidian Scoria Basalt Perlite

Silly sentence

Goats only sing baby poems

I am the sedimentary

rock that is often sold in pet stores

sandstone

• This rock is the most common extrusive igneous rock. Forms from the cooling of basaltic lava

basalt

• This rock is the most abundant intrusive igneous rock. Often used in making countertops

granite

This sedimentary rock forms in river basins and turns into slate when heated

shale

• This metamorphic rock is non foliated and forms from sandstone. Contains a great amount of quartz

quartzite

• This metamorphic rock forms from very fine mica. It is sometimes lustrous and wrinkled

phyllite

I am a rock that forms from the shells of clams and oysters.

limestone

I am a rock that is found in potting soil

perlite

I am the metamorphic rock that is often confused with gneiss

schist

I am the rock that forms from plants as they decay

coal

• I am the rock that forms from the heating of limestone

marble

I am the rock that is sold in the store named

Bath and Body Works

pumice

I am a sedimentary rock that has particles with sharp edges

breccia

I am a sedimentary rock who has particles with rounded edges

conglomerate

I am a rocky mineral also found in the seasoning of potato chips

halite

• I am a foliated metamorphic rock who is often confused with schist

gneiss

• I am a shiny rock often sold in souvenir shops

obsidian