Civil Engineering and Architecture 10(5): 1881-1890, 2022 http://www.hrpub.org DOI: 10.13189/cea.2022.100514 The Durability of Lightweight Geopolymer Concrete (LGC) on Chloride Resistance Saloma * , Arie Putra Usman, Hanafiah, Cindy Violita Ramadhanty Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Sriwijaya University, Indralaya, Ogan Ilir, Indonesia Received March 31, 2022; Revised May 12, 2022; Accepted June 21, 2022 Cite This Paper in the following Citation Styles (a): [1] Saloma, Arie Putra Usman, Hanafiah, Cindy Violita Ramadhanty , "The Durability of Lightweight Geopolymer Concrete (LGC) on Chloride Resistance," Civil Engineering and Architecture, Vol. 10, No. 5, pp. 1881-1890, 2022. DOI: 10.13189/cea.2022.100514. (b): Saloma, Arie Putra Usman, Hanafiah, Cindy Violita Ramadhanty (2022). The Durability of Lightweight Geopolymer Concrete (LGC) on Chloride Resistance. Civil Engineering and Architecture, 10(5), 1881-1890. DOI: 10.13189/cea.2022.100514. Copyright©2022 by authors, all rights reserved. Authors agree that this article remains permanently open access under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 International License Abstract Lightweight geopolymer concrete is an innovative concrete from a combination of environmental-friendly geopolymer concrete and lightweight concrete which has a density of less than 2,400 kg/m 3 . This concrete does not use Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) but uses type F fly ash which has the same main composition as OPC namely silica and aluminum. Reducing the use of OPC aims to reduce the production of CO 2 gas emissions which are the main contributors to global warming. This study aims to provide the information needed to develop lightweight geopolymer concrete to reduce carbon emissions and create environmental-friendly concrete materials. The constituent materials of lightweight geopolymer concrete include type F fly ash as precursors, Na 2 SiO 3 and NaOH 14 M as activators, fine aggregates in the form of sand as concrete fillers, superplasticizers, and foam. The use of foam helps in reducing the density of lightweight geopolymer concrete. The ratio used in this study is 1:2 for activators and precursors, 1:2 for precursors and fine aggregates, 2.5:1 for Na 2 SiO 3 and 14 M NaOH, and 1:40 for foam agents and water with a percentage of foam that is 50% of test object volume. The amount of plasticizer used is 3% of the weight of the precursor. Treatment of the lightweight geopolymer concrete using an oven with a temperature of 60°C for 24 hours and then the specimen coated with plastic wrap for 28 days to achieve maximum compressive strength. Curing for 28 days, the specimen has a compressive strength of 27.9 MPa with a specific gravity of 1,702.5 kg/m 3 . This research focuses on the durability of lightweight geopolymer concrete using 5% HCl acid solution under different conditions, which are left at room temperature, fully immersed in 5% HCl acid solution, and cyclic conditions. Tests were carried out on days 28 and 56 with observations of changes in compressive strength, density, visual conditions, Scanning Electron Microscope, and XRD. The results showed that acid solutions' long duration and soaking conditions, especially hydrochloric acid, affect lightweight geopolymer concrete. Keywords Lightweight Geopolymer Concrete, Precursor, Activator, Compressive Strength, Density, Durability 1. Introduction Portland cement concrete is the most widely used construction material. Unfortunately, the manufacture of Portland cement concrete produces high carbon dioxide and requires high natural resources such as fossil fuels and limestone [1-2]. This causes global warming and air pollution which is an unwanted environmental problem [3]. Geopolymer concrete is an alternative to conventional concrete where cement is completely replaced by silica-alumina-rich industrial wastes, such as fly ash and ground-granulated blast furnace slag. Geopolymer concrete consumes less energy and releases less carbon dioxide than Portland cement concrete [3]. Geopolymer concrete has good mechanical properties, high thermal resistance, and durability, and utilizes industrial waste
The Durability of Lightweight Geopolymer Concrete (LGC) on Chloride Resistance
Apr 29, 2023
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