THE DARK SIDE OF THE 1920’S Essential Question: What was the significance of the social and cultural conflicts of the 1920’s? Write Write Write Don’t Write.

THE DARK SIDE OF THE 1920’S

Essential Question: What was the significance of the social and cultural conflicts of the 1920’s?

Write Write Write Don’t Write

WARREN WARREN HARDIINGHARDIING

1920-1923 Poker & Bathtub Gin Teapot Dome

Scandal Harding’s Death

1920-1923 Poker & Bathtub Gin Teapot Dome

Scandal Harding’s Death

Calvin Coolidge 1923-1929 Silent Cal Keep Cool with

Coolidge The Business of

America is Business

1923-1929 Silent Cal Keep Cool with

Coolidge The Business of

America is Business

Invention Invention of the of the TeenagerTeenager

High School Attendance increased 400% from 1910-1930

By 1929 51% of teenagers attended high school.

Manufacturing & clerical jobs for 16 year olds.

Automobile Women’s Rights

Factors Responsible For:

Effect: Generation Gap

THE RED SCARETHE RED SCARE

Reasons forReasons for Russian

Revolution of 1917 “Workers of the

World Unite!” Labor Unions

associated with the “Red Menace”

36 Bombs recovered in Wall Street area from 1919-20

Palmer Raids Anti-Immigration

Russian Revolution of 1917

“Workers of the World Unite!”

Labor Unions associated with the “Red Menace”

36 Bombs recovered in Wall Street area from 1919-20

Palmer Raids Anti-Immigration

National Origins Act of National Origins Act of 19241924

Quota SystemQuota System 2% of 1890 2% of 1890

CensusCensus Kept #s low for Kept #s low for

eastern & eastern & southern Europesouthern Europe

Even lower for Even lower for AsiaAsia

Sacco & Sacco & VanzettiVanzetti Italian Radicals

arrested for murder committed during armed robbery in Massachusetts, 1920

Lack of evidence Judge Thayer

made prejudicial remarks, sentenced them to death

Public Outcry at Public Outcry at VerdictVerdict

Sacco & Vanzetti convicted & executed

Protests created backlash against Red Scare

PROHIBITIONPROHIBITION

1818thth Amendment Outlaws: Amendment Outlaws: Making, selling, &

transporting of alcohol

Volstead Act Except Medical &

Religious Purposes

EffectsEffects

PositivePositive Family Violence

Decreased Worker

Absenteeism decreased

Bank Savings Increased

NegativeNegative Bathtub Gin Speakeasies Bootlegging Organized Crime Political

Corruption Gang Warfare

Golden Age of GangstersGolden Age of Gangsters

Chicago, 1925 Al Capone

“Scarface” 1929: St.

Valentine’s Day Massacre

Convicted of income tax evasion (worth 100 million)

2121stst Amendment Repeals Amendment Repeals ProhibitionProhibition

1933 Organized Crime

continues

SCOPES MONKEY SCOPES MONKEY TRIALTRIAL

SCOPES MONKEY SCOPES MONKEY TRIALTRIAL

Theory of Evolution v. Theory of Evolution v. BibleBible

John Scopes Biology Teacher Dayton, Tennessee Agreed to challenge

Tennessee Evolution Laws for ACLU

Arrested for reading theory to class

Prosecution Vs. DefenseProsecution Vs. Defense

William Jennings Bryan vs. Clarence DarrowWilliam Jennings Bryan vs. Clarence Darrow

ImpactImpact Scopes fined then released National Media Coverage turns trial into a

zoo Science vs Religious Fundamentalism Battle

Continues Today

KKKKKK

Rebirth of the Rebirth of the KlanKlan

1915: Birth of a Nation

New Klan formed in Georgia

Targeted: African-Americans Jews Catholics Immigrants Union Organizers Bootleggers

Wider Appeal of the Wider Appeal of the KlanKlan Founder William

Simmons replaced by Hiram Evans

Popular in rural, small towns

South & Midwest Religious

Fundamentalism 4.5 million

members by 1924

Downfall of the KlanDownfall of the Klan•D.C. Stephenson, Grand Dragon of Indiana D.C. Stephenson, Grand Dragon of Indiana KKKKKK•Convicted of 2Convicted of 2ndnd degree murder in degree murder in kidnapping of Madge Obenholtzerkidnapping of Madge Obenholtzer•Trial revealed her death by poisoning Trial revealed her death by poisoning following rape, assaultfollowing rape, assault•Stephenson expected Gov. Stephenson expected Gov.

Ed Jackson to pardon him Ed Jackson to pardon him

•When sent to prison talks When sent to prison talks about Klan influence in about Klan influence in Indiana politicsIndiana politics

•Klan membership drops to Klan membership drops to under 6,000 by 1930under 6,000 by 1930

RACIAL VIOLENCERACIAL VIOLENCE

Sweet TrialSweet Trial Dr. Ossian Sweet Wife & 1 month old

baby move to white suburb in Detroit

House attacked by mob One man shot by

Sweet’s brother Sweet & friends

arrested Found not guilty Brother found not guilty Sweet home burned Sweets move