The Crusades

The CrusadesSuccess or Failure?

The Crusades1095-1291

I. Jerusalem – the Holy Land1. Judaism, Christianity & Islam.

II. The Crusades1. Christians wanted to reclaim the land from Islam.2. Holy War between Christians & Muslims.3. Results

A. Only the 1st Crusade was successful.B. Saladin – Muslim ruler who took back the Holy Land.

III. Long Term Effects1. Expanded contact with the outside world.

A. Increased trade & exploration.2. Ended feudalism.3. Increased hatred between religions.4. Loss of Crusades leads to a loss in the Pope’s power.

• After Muslims were threatening the Byzantine Empire (Christians), Pope Urban II calls for Christians from Western Europe to protect the Byzantine Empire and to capture the Holy Land from its Muslim inhabitants

• First Crusade was launched at around 1096 A.D.

The Crusades

The Pope Calls For Crusades

If you were Pope Urban II, what would you be telling the people of W. Europe to motivate them to possibly sacrifice their lives and go to the Holy Land?

Reasons for the Crusades

• Holy Land was holy to Christians, Jews, and Muslims (especially Jerusalem

• Place where Jesus was born and died

• Looking for adventure and riches

• Few opportunities in feudal Europe

• Hatred of Muslims

Four Different Crusades

• Saladin, the famous Muslim ruler, leads a Muslim force that recaptures Jerusalem

• Christians are left in only a strip of land along the coast, which they eventually lose too

• Byzantine Empire was taken over by Muslim Turks

The End of the Crusades

Holy City of Jerusalem

Long Term Effect 1

Increased trade between Europe and Middle East

Italians act as middlemen in the trade between W. Europe and Middle East. Italy becomes wealthy. This wealth leads to the Renaissance

Long Term Effect 2