The Crisis of the Imperial Order, 1900 - 1929

THE CRISIS OF THE IMPERIAL ORDER, 1900 - 1929Chapter 28

CAUSES OF WORLD WAR 1

CAUSES OF WORLD WAR I

Militarism Maintenance of standing armies Inflexible militarization plans

Alliances Triple Alliance = Germany, Austria-Hungary,

Italy Triple Entente = Britain, France, Russia

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CAUSES OF WORLD WAR I Nationalism

the belief that one state is naturally superior to all other states

Imperialism Germany’s desire

to expand Tensions from

imperial competition

CAUSES OF WORLD WAR I Assassination

July 28, 1914, Archduke Franz Ferdinand (of Austria-Hungary) was killed by a Serbian nationalist

Led to A.H. declaring war on Serbia, thus sparking the series of alliances in Europe

THE 1911 GRÄF & STIFT BOIS DE BOULOGNE TOURER IN WHICH ARCHDUKE FRANZ FERDINAND AND HIS WIFE WERE RIDING AT THE TIME OF THEIR ASSASSINATION

GAVRILO PRINCIP CAPTURED IN SARAJEVO 1914

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THE “GREAT WAR” 1914 - 1918

START OF WORLD WAR I Germany instigated

the war by invading neutral Belgium, then France Schlieffen Plan Failed as a result of

the Western Front Trench warfare led to

a four-year stalemate between Germany & France

GROUP PAUSESchlieffen Plan Reading & Analysis

TRENCH WARFARE

GROUP PAUSETrench Life Reading. How many people

do you think died of diseases as opposed to combat wounds?

WORLD WAR I WARFARE

Changes in warfare Machine guns & poison gas Trench warfare created a battle of attrition Massive casualty rates Heroic notion of war disappeared

GROUP PAUSEBriefly summarize the 5 battles. 3

sentences tops!

THE HOMEFRONT “Total War”

Mobilization of all of a state’s resources for the purpose of waging war

Civilians involved in the war effort

Women entered positions previously reserved for men

Governments controlled industry Rationing

Colonial subjects served alongside their home countries Ex. ANZAC troops

Propaganda was used to reinforce evilness of enemy

WORLD WAR I In the early years, US

provided loans to allies 1917, US drawn into the

war Germany’s declaration of

unrestricted submarine warfare

The Zimmerman Telegram

US provided Allies with supplies & fresh troops

November, 1918, Germany signed an armistice with Allied forces

THE EFFECTS OF WORLD WAR I

THE PEACE SETTLEMENTS

1918, Treaty of Versailles War guilt clause blamed Germany for the war Germany forced to pay reparations ($33 billion) Germany lost its colonies Alsace & Lorraine returned to France Germany’s military power limited

THE PEACE TREATIES League of Nations

International organization for the promotion of peace Created by U.S. President Woodrow Wilson

Ironically, the U.S. refused to join (they had become isolationists) Dealt with global communications, health & labor

regulations

OTHER IMPACTS OF THE WAR Austria-Hungary

split up Russia lost many

territories 1918 Flu Pandemic Anticolonial

movements in Europe’s territories grew

Middle Eastern Mandate System