The Cortex-M3 Embedded Systems: LM3S9B96 Microcontroller – Interrupts Refer to Chapter 4 in the reference book “Stellaris® LM3S9B96 Microcontroller - DATA SHEET”
The Cortex-M3 Embedded Systems:
LM3S9B96 Microcontroller – Interrupts
Refer to Chapter 4 in the reference book“Stellaris® LM3S9B96 Microcontroller - DATA SHEET”
Exceptions are numbered 1 to 15 for system exceptions and the rest 240 for external interrupt inputs.(Total 256 entries in vector table.) In LM3S9B96, 10 system exceptions and 53 interrupts
Most of the exceptions have programmable priority, and a few have fixed priority. Reset, NMI, and Hard Fault have fixed priorities of -3,
-2, and -1, respectively Eight user programmable priority levels; 0 is the
highest and the default priority is 0 for all the programmable priorities
3-bit priority registers are implemented for all the programmable priorities
Exceptions
List of Exceptions
List of Exceptions
List of Exceptions
Setup Exceptions at NVIC
8 exception priorities can be further grouped defined by the Application Interrupt and Reset Control (APINT) register
Only the group priority determines preemption of interrupt exceptions
If multiple pending interrupts have the same group priority, the subpriority field determines the order in which they are processed
If multiple pending interrupts have the same group priority and subpriority, the interrupt with the lowest IRQ number is processed first
Exception Priorities
Application Interrupt and Reset Control (APINT), offset 0xD0C
Provides priority grouping control, endian status for data accesses, and reset control of the system; accessed from privileged mode
For system exceptions, priorities are set with the NVIC System Handler Priority n (SYSPRIn) registers
System Handler Priority 1 (SYSPRI1), offset 0xD18
System Handler Priority 2 (SYSPRI2), offset 0xD1C
System Handler Priority 3 (SYSPRI3), offset 0xD20
Set Exception Priorities
For interrupts, priorities are set with the NVIC Interrupt Priority n (PRIn) registers
Interrupt 0-3 Priority (PRI0), offset 0x400…
Interrupt 52-54 Priority (PRI13), offset 0x434
Set Exception Priorities
…
For system exceptions, the SYSHNDCTRL register enables the system handlers, and indicates the pending and active status of the system handlers; The INCTRL register provides a set-pending bit for the NMI exception, and set-pending and clear-pending bits for the PendSV and SysTick exceptions.
System Handler Control and State (SYSHNDCTRL), offset 0xD24
Interrupt Control and State (INTCTRL), offset 0xD04
Enable and Disable Exceptions
For interrupts, the ENn register enable interrupts and show which interrupts are enabled.
Interrupt 0-31 Set Enable (EN0), offset 0x100
Interrupt 32-54 Set Enable (EN1), offset 0x104
Enable and Disable Exceptions
For interrupts, the DISn register disable interrupts and show which interrupts are disabled.
Interrupt 0-31 Clear Enable (DIS0), offset 0x180
Interrupt 32-54 Clear Enable (DIS1), offset 0x184
Enable and Disable Exceptions
If an interrupt takes place but cannot be executed immediately, it will be pended. The interrupt-pending status can be accessed through the
Interrupt Set Pending (PEND) and Interrupt Clear Pending (UNPEND) registers.
User can set the certain bit of PEND to enter its handler by software.
For each interrupt the NVIC has a PEND and a UNPEND register. PEND0 and PEND1: 0xE000E200-0xE000E204 UNPEND0 and UNPEND1: 0xE000E280-0xE000E284
Similarly, for each interrupt the NVIC has a Active status register. Interrupt 0-31 Active Bit (ACTIVE0), offset 0x300 Interrupt 32-54 Active Bit (ACTIVE1), offset 0x304
Interrupt Pending and Active Status
Software interrupts can be generated by using:1. The PEND register2. The Software Trigger Interrupt Register (STIR)
Software Trigger Interrupt Register (0xE000EF00)
System exceptions (NMI, faults, PendSV, and so on) cannot be pended using STIR.
Bits Name Type Reset Value Description
8:0 INTID W – Writing the interrupt number sets the pending bit of the interrupt; for example, write 0 to pend external interrupt #0
Software Interrupts
Setup Exceptions at a Peripheral
Example: Setting up Interrupt for GPIO
Define Interrupt Conditions GPIO Interrupt Sense (GPIOIS) register: setting a
bit, detect levels on the pin; otherwise, detect edges GPIO Interrupt Both Edges (GPIOIBE) register:
when GPIOIS is set to detect edges, setting a bit in GPIOIBE enables the pin to detect both rising and falling edges; otherwise, the pin is controlled by the GPIOIEV register
GPIO Interrupt Event (GPIOIEV) register: setting a bit, detect rising edges (or high levels); otherwise, detect falling edges (or low levels), depending on the settings of GPIOIS
Other Interrupt Control Registers GPIO Interrupt Mask (GPIOIM) register: setting a bit, allows
the pin to generate interrupts; otherwise, disable interrupts GPIO Raw Interrupt Status (GPIORIS) register: A bit is set
when an interrupt condition occurs on the corresponding GPIO pin; otherwise, RAZ.
GPIO Masked Interrupt Status (GPIOMIS) register: If a bit is set, the corresponding interrupt has triggered an interrupt to the interrupt controller; otherwise, either no interrupt has been generated, or the interrupt is masked
GPIO Interrupt Clear (GPIOICR) register: Writing a 1 to a bit in this register clears the corresponding interrupt bit in the GPIORIS and GPIOMIS registers
GPIO Interrupt Sense (GPIOIS), offset 0x404
The GPIOIS register is the interrupt sense register. Setting a bit in the GPIOIS register configures the corresponding pin to detect levels, while clearing a bit configures the corresponding pin to detect edges. All bits are cleared by a reset.
GPIO Interrupt Both Edges (GPIOIBE), offset 0x408
The GPIOIBE register allows both edges to cause interrupts. When the corresponding bit in the GPIOIS register (see page 320) is set to detect edges, setting a bit in the GPIOIBE register configures the corresponding pin to detect both rising and falling edges. Clearing a bit configures the pin to be controlled by the GPIOIEV register. All bits are cleared by a reset.
GPIO Interrupt Event (GPIOIEV), offset 0x40C
Setting a bit in the GPIOIEV register configures the corresponding pin to detect rising edges or high levels (clearing a bit configures the pin to detect falling edges or low levels), depending on the corresponding bit value in the GPIO Interrupt Sense (GPIOIS) register. All bits are cleared by a reset.
GPIO Interrupt Mask (GPIOIM), offset 0x410
The GPIOIM register is the interrupt mask register. Setting a bit in the GPIOIM register allows interrupts that are generated by the corresponding pin to be sent to the interrupt controller on the combined interrupt signal. All bits are cleared by a reset.
GPIO Raw Interrupt Status (GPIORIS), offset 0x414
The GPIORIS register is the raw interrupt status register. A bit in this register is set when an interrupt condition occurs on the corresponding GPIO pin. A bit in this register can be cleared by writing a 1 to the corresponding bit in the GPIO Interrupt Clear (GPIOICR) register.
GPIO Masked Interrupt Status (GPIOMIS), offset 0x418
The GPIOMIS register is the masked interrupt status register. If a bit is set in this register, the corresponding interrupt has triggered an interrupt to the interrupt controller.
GPIO Interrupt Clear (GPIOICR), offset 0x41C
The GPIOICR register is the interrupt clear register. Writing a 1 to a bit in this register clears the corresponding interrupt bit in the GPIORIS and GPIOMIS registers. Writing a 0 has no effect.
How to configure an Interrupt?
At the NVIC side Set up the priority group register (group 0 by default) Set up the priority level for the interrupt Enable the interrupt
At the peripheral side Enable the peripheral (setup the RCGCn) Configure the interrupt type for the peripheral Enable the interrupt in the peripheral
Write an interrupt service routine (ISR) Identify the interrupt source Clear the interrupt request
Register the ISR in the interrupt vector table
InterruptRequest
InterruptPending Status
InterruptActive Status
ProcessorMode
ThreadMode
Handler Mode
Interrupt request stays active
Interrupt returned
Interrupt re-entered