The Constitutional Convention. I. Articles of Confederation A. Americas 1st constitution B. Adopted during the Revolutionary War (1777) C. States had.

The Constitutional The Constitutional Convention Convention

I. I. ArticlesArticles of of ConfederationConfederation

A. America’s 1st A. America’s 1st constitutionconstitution

B. Adopted during the B. Adopted during the RevolutionaryRevolutionary WarWar (1777) (1777)

C. C. StatesStates had far more had far more powerpower than the than the federalfederal ((nationalnational) government) government

1. 1. CongressCongress could not: could not:

a. a. TaxTax

b. Regulate b. Regulate tradetrade

2. No national 2. No national courtcourt systemsystem

II. II. ShaysShays’ Rebellion’ Rebellion

A. Rebellion of A. Rebellion of farmersfarmers in in rural rural MassachusettsMassachusetts (1786) (1786)

B. Led by B. Led by DanielDaniel ShaysShays

C. Demonstrated the C. Demonstrated the failurefailure of the of the ArticlesArticles of of ConfederationConfederation

III. James III. James MadisonMadison

A. A. VirginianVirginian

B. Author of the B. Author of the VirginiaVirginia Plan Plan

C. Considered the C. Considered the ““FatherFather of the of the ConstitutionConstitution””

D. Wrote the D. Wrote the BillBill of of RightsRights

IV. George IV. George WashingtonWashingtonA. A. PresidentPresident of the of the ConstitutionalConstitutional Convention Convention

V. V. SlaveSlave TradeTrade Compromise Compromise

A. Designed to get A. Designed to get southernsouthern states to states to agreeagree to the to the ConstitutionConstitution

B. The B. The slaveslave tradetrade would be allowed would be allowed to to continuecontinue until until 18081808

C. C. CongressCongress could could begin to begin to limitlimit it in it in 18081808

VI. VI. Great Great CompromiseCompromise

A. Proposed by Roger A. Proposed by Roger ShermanSherman of of ConnecticutConnecticut

B. Designed to get B. Designed to get smallsmall states states to to agreeagree to the to the ConstitutionConstitution

C. C. RepresentationRepresentation in the in the HouseHouse of of RepresentativesRepresentatives::

1. 1. ProportionalProportional (determined (determined by by populationpopulation))

D. D. RepresentationRepresentation in the in the SenateSenate::

1. 1. 22 per per statestate

VII. VII. Three-fifthsThree-fifths CompromiseCompromise

A. Designed to A. Designed to get get southernsouthern states to states to agreeagree to the to the ConstitutionConstitution

B. Each B. Each slaveslave counted as counted as 3/53/5 of a of a freefree person for person for both both taxationtaxation and and representationrepresentation

VIII. VIII. ConstitutionConstitution

A. The U.S.’s formal A. The U.S.’s formal planplan of of governmentgovernment

B. Based on B. Based on Madison’sMadison’s VirginiaVirginia Plan Plan

C. Created a C. Created a strongstrong national national governmentgovernment and a national and a national courtcourt system system

D. Signed in D. Signed in PhiladelphiaPhiladelphia on on SeptemberSeptember 17, 17, 17871787

E. The E. The 13th13th state ( state (RhodeRhode IslandIsland) ) ratifiedratified it in 1790 it in 1790

IX. IX. FederalistsFederalists

A. People who A. People who supported supported the the ratificationratification ((approvalapproval) of the ) of the ConstitutionConstitution

B. Wanted a strong B. Wanted a strong nationalnational governmentgovernment

Alexander Hamilton

James Madison

X. X. Anti-FederalistsAnti-FederalistsA. People who A. People who opposed opposed

the the ratification ratification of the of the ConstitutionConstitution

1. Two main 1. Two main reasonsreasons::

a. Some a. Some wanted wanted stronger stronger local local governmentgovernment

b. Some b. Some wanted wanted a a declaration declaration of of rightsrights

Patrick Henry

George Mason

XI. XI. Federalist Federalist PapersPapers

A. A. Essays Essays that that supported:supported:1. A strong 1. A strong national national

governmentgovernment2. The 2. The ratification ratification of of

the the ConstitutionConstitutionB. Written by:B. Written by:

1. James 1. James MadisonMadison2. Alexander 2. Alexander

HamiltonHamilton3. John 3. John Jay Jay

XII. XII. Bill Bill of of RightsRights

A. Some A. Some states states refused refused to to ratify ratify the the Constitution Constitution until they until they were were promised promised that a that a bill bill of of rights rights would be would be addedadded

B. The first B. The first ten ten amendments amendments to the to the Constitution Constitution are called are called the the Bill Bill of of RightsRights

C. Written by C. Written by JamesJames Madison Madison in in 17891789

D. Added to the D. Added to the Constitution Constitution in in 17911791

George Mason