The consequences of chernobyl accident

7/30/2019 The consequences of chernobyl accident

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THE CONSEQUENCES AND IMPACTS OF

CHERNOBYL ACCIDENT

By: Group Seven

Study of Nuclear Engineering, Department of Physics Engineering, Faculty of EngineeringGadjah Mada University

Go.!


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The Concequenses and Impacts of Chernobyl Accident

Abstract Introduction Cronology Impacts & Consequences Lessons

By : Group Seven, Nuclear Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Gadjah Mada University

No. Name Id Position

1 Samsiatun Mudzkhiyah 37915 Moderator

2 Awang Febri Ciptani 38935 Presentator 1 The Chronology

3 Rismah Taufik Adhihutomo 37837 Presentator 2

The effects and

consequenses4 Finny Pratama Putra 38946 Presentator 2

5 Arief Fauzi 38468 Presentator 2

6 Azhim Kurniawan 38632 Presentator 3 Lesson learn


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Abstract


Chernobyl accident was the worst nuclear accident

in the world. It happened because the proceduralerror. It was affect badly to the environment,peoples healthy and also social economic. Inspiteof its bad impact there was many lessons learnhave to taken to enhance the nuclear itself for ourbetter future .

Introduction Cronology LessonsImpacts & Consequences


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Introduction


Abstract Cronology LessonsImpacts & Consequences

The Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant

Located 11 miles north of the city of Chernobyl

Developed since 1954, and operated 1973-1975Consist of 4 RMBK reactors

Produced 10% Ukraines electricity

Due to the error of procedural, accident occured

On 26 April 1986 and released radioactive

materials


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Cronology


Abstract Introduction LessonsImpacts & Consequences

On midnight 25 April 1986 trial is started. Reactor powerwas reduced to 1600 MWT.

At 0:28 am April 26 to power down again and operatormade a mistake ACS setting, so that the reactor powerdrops drastically to only 30 MWT At 1:00 o'clock the operator managed to raise reactor

power to be 200 MWT by lifting number of control rodsfrom the reactor.

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Cronology



At 01:19 the operator tries raise the pressure and waterlevel using a pump feeder.

At 01.19,30 a water level required in the steam drum isreached, but operators continue to add water feeder. At 01.22,30 operators see parameters on the reactor

system monitor. The data show that the operator must

shutdown reactor in a situation automatic shutdownmechanism is not such work. But what happensoperators continue to experiment.

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Cronology



At trial 01.23,04 begins again with the 200 MWT, and main steamflow valve to the turbine number 8 is turned off.

After a while then the reactor power raises fast but it solate to shutdown reactors because alarm was sounded.

Emergency system is not able to cope with theseconditions, Less than a second after the first explosion asecond explosion followed immediately caused by entry of air into the terrace which causes the fuel and someelements react with oxygen and burn awesome.

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Healthy

Abstract Introduction Cronology Lessons

Social, economy Environment Positive

Impacts & Consequences

The initial explosion resulted in the

death of two workers.

Twenty-eight of the firemen andemergency clean-up workers died in thefirst three months

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Healthy




In total some 200,0000people are believed to havebeen relocated as a result of the accident.

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Healthy




Three categories of populations who are exposed radiation caused bythe Chernobyl accident are:

1. Emergency workers and liquidators (recovery operationworkers) who worked in the Chernobyl reactor and arein the exclusion zone after the accident

2. Residents who were evacuated from the areacontaminated

3. Residents who live in the area contaminated but notevacuated.

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Healthy




Iodine, strontium and caesium.

Strontium-90 and Caesium-137

Strontium ,iodin, caesium

Radioactive elements which were emitted into the environment :

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An area spanning 30 kilometresSome 150,000 square kilometres in Belarus,

Russia and Ukraine

other region



Healthy




Area was affected by the radioactive fallout:


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Health


Social Economy Environment Positive


Thyroid Cancer One of the principal radionuclides released by

the Chernobyl accident was iodine-131 , whichwas significant for the first months.

The thyroid gland accumulates iodine from

the blood stream as part of its normal

metabolism.next


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Health




Leukemia An increased risk of leukemia associated with radiation

exposure from Chernobyl was, therefore, expected among

the populations exposed.

The most recent studies suggest a two-fold increase in the

incidence of non-CLL leukemia between 1986 and 1996 in

Russian emergency and recovery operation workersexposed to more than 150 mGy (external dose).

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Health




Solid Cancer

The data of solid cancer caused by Chernobyl accident

placed in UNSCEAR 200. And its not have any kind of

change until now.

Solid cancer different from Thyroid Cancer and Leukimia.

Its because their different in sensitivity to radiation in

terms of the minimal latency period, the time

dependency of risk and the dose-response relationship.

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Health




Cataracts

Cardiovascular diseases

Cryptogenic biomarkers and their significance

Immunological system effects

Heritable effects, birth defects and childrens health

Mental, Psychological and central nervous system effects

Estimation of mortality attribute to the Chernobyl accident.

Medical programmers and medical monitoring (screening).

Non-Cancer and Non-Thyroid health effects


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Social, Economy


Health Environment Positive


The disaster has placed a huge burden on national budget, theexpenditure related to:

Actions to seal off the reactor Resettlement of people and construction Social protection and health care Research on environment, health and production of clean food Radiation monitoring Radioecological improvement losses relating to the opportunity cost


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Environment


Health Social, Economy Positive


Radioactive material contaminated the aquatic systems andabsorbed to the soil. Its affect the creature in that aquaticsystem.

In agriculture site, the level of radioactivity of agriculturalplants and plant-consuming animals was dominated bysurface deposits of radio nuclides

The town becomes a ghost town, no one live there. They move tosave place


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Positive


Health Social, Economy Environment


Chernobyl accident became a reference point for the construction of nuclearpowerplants

In the progress of next-generation NPP such as PWR, BWR, CANDU, AGR, ABWR,System 80 + and FBR, the principle of safety is to prevent the possibility of accidents and to minimize the impact if an accident occurs

Nuclear power plants is designed to be able to withstand extreme incident

Chernobyl accident does not make the trauma and stop all nuclear activities butrather spur them to further improve safety culture and reactor design safety.

Positive impacts of the accident:


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Lessons


Abstract Introduction Cronology Impacts & Consequences

Review from the case above, nuclear accident in Chernobyl, hasimplicit senses:

DO ProfessionallyBe Careful

Prepare solution of any PossibilityDetermining minimum distance from the reactor to public

place.


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The consequences of chernobyl accident

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