The Conciergerie, Guillotine, Bastille, & Bastille Day Created by: André Ferreira, Nathan Hague, Brandon Nowakowski, Peter Skaza, & Brandon Watt.

The Conciergerie, Guillotine, Bastille, &

Bastille DayCreated by: André Ferreira,

Nathan Hague, Brandon Nowakowski, Peter Skaza, &

Brandon Watt

Conciergerie: A History

• On the Îl de la Cité– Connection to Ancient Rome

• Extension of the Palais de la Cité– Philip the Fair: 14th century– Gothic chambers

• Infamous symbol of the Reign of Terror

• Remains open for visitors

Conciergerie: Connection to the French Revolution

• Dungeons– Held people sentenced to death

• Known for the number of prisoners executed– 2600 people held there

Guillotine: The Construction

• Contributors– Proposed by Joseph-Ignace Guillotin– First designed by Antoine Louis– Built by Tobias Schmidt

• Built on the Place de Grève

Guillotine: The Application to Society

• March 20, 1792—Official means of execution in France– Was the only legal method

from 1792 to 1981

• Jacque-Nicolus Pelletier (1792)

• 1799—15,000 people executed

Bastille: Origins

• Name derived from bastide— “Fortification”

• Built to serve as a gate

• Symbol of the Bourbon despotism

• Located on the east side of Paris

Bastille: Construction

• April 22, 1370—Charles V began construction

• Charles VI walled up openings, creating a stronghold

• 1557—Bastion built on the eastern flank

• 17th century—Inner court divided

Bastille: Purpose

• 1600s—Became state prison– Cardinal Richelieu– 40 prisoners per year

on average– Lettre de cachet

Bastille: Prisoners

• Celebrities charged with offense

• Political nuisances

• Family members by request

• People on trial (especially during the rule of Louis XIV)

The Storming of the Bastille

• July 14, 1789

• Parisians demanded guns and ammunition

• Bernard Jordan, prison governor– Refused and evaded the Parisians

• Parisians returned

The Effects of the Storming

• Parisians captured the Bastille, obtaining the guns and ammunition

• End of the ancient régime (French Revolution)

• Bastille demolished by Revolutionary government

Bastille Day

• July 14—Marks the fall of the Bastille– Called la fête nationale (“National Day”)– Official holiday in 1880

Bastille Day: Global Celebration

• Former French Colonies– Especially French Polynesia

• Adapted holiday to own culture

• Francophiles celebrate with:– French food– French concerts

En Conclusion

• Conciergerie– Prison known for the people executed there– Used guillotine– Held famous people

• Thomas Paine, Robespierre, Louis XVI, Marie Antoinette

• Guillotine– Execution method by decapitation– Viewed as humane and necessary– Legal for almost 200 years

En Conclusion

• Bastille– State prison built in the 14th century and used

through the 18th century– Stormed for guns and ammunition by Parisians

during the French Revolution

• Bastille Day– Holiday commemorating the storming of the

Bastille– Celebrated on July 14 worldwide with parades,

speeches, and fireworks

Works Cited• Bastille. 20 Jan. 2012.

http://annmariekostyk.com/2010/07/14/bastille-day-french-chocolate-tart/the-bastille/.• Bastille Day Food. 20 Jan. 2012.

http://www.yumsugar.com/Bastille-Day-Recipes-18260753.• Bastion. 1995. 20 Jan. 2012. http://blog.imperva.com/2008/12/the-bastion-returns.html.• Bieber Paris Concert Girls. 20 Jan. 2012.

http://bestpicblog.com/bieber-2011-paris-concert-photos/868/.• Cardinal Richelieu. 20 Jan. 2012. http://www.nndb.com/people/894/000092618/.• Conciergerie Monument. 20 Jan. 2012.

http://www.parisdigest.com/monument/laconciergerie.htm.• Danloux, Henri Pierre. Louis Antoine. 20 Jan. 2012.

http://ann-lauren.blogspot.com/2009/08/18-19th-cent-louis-antoine-duke-of.html.• Decaux, Alan. “La Revolution Francaise Aux Enfants.” 1988. Librairie Academique

Perrin. Paris, France. 20 Jan. 2012. http://www.mtholyoke.edu/courses/rschwart/hist255/kat_anna/fallofbast.html.

• Happy Bastille Day Flag. 20 Jan. 2012. http://www.wondercomments.com/bastille-day-comment-2034.html.

Works Cited (cont.)• Houël, Jean-Pierre. “The Storming of the Bastille.” Bibliothèque Nationale Française. 20

Jan. 2012. http://www.historywiz.com/galleries/stormingbastille.html.• Jacques Nicolas Pelletier. 20 Jan. 2012.

http://www.necrosant.net/zbxe/?category=8073&mid=Home&sort_index=readed_count&order_type=desc&document_srl=1914.

• Joseph Guillotin. 20 Jan. 2012. http://www.blastmilk.com/decollete/guillotine/the-guillotine.php.

• July 14th. 20 Jan. 2012. http://blueeyedennis-siempre.blogspot.com/2010/07/happy-bastille-day.html.

• Mannequin Prisoner. 20 Jan. 2012. http://bubbletopseb2.skyrock.com/2623614524-Conciergerie-prisoner.html.

• Neff. Guillotine and Torches. 20 Jan. 2012. http://art-showtime-tools.blogspot.com/2011/10/man-uses-guillotine-to-sever-his-arm.html.

• Philip the Fair. 20 Jan. 2012. http://www.ghostwoods.com/2010/01/templars-inc-984/.• Prisoners in Bastille. 20 Jan. 2012. http://www.mtholyoke.edu/courses/rschwart/hist255-

s01/mapping-paris/Paris_Bastile.html.• Woman in Bastille. 20 Jan. 2012. http://www.aprayertoourfather.com/storming-the-

bastille/.