The Colonies Grow Main Idea: As SFA and other empresarios encouraged settlement in Texas, many groups made important contributions.

The Colonies GrowMain Idea: As SFA and other

empresarios encouraged settlement in Texas, many groups made

important contributions.

Let’s Recall Prior Knowledge

• Explain why Moses Austin came to Texas. What did he seek to accomplish?

• What characteristics made SFA good for Texas?

• Why do you think Spain was so strict on their rules for living in a Texas colony?

I. SFA: THE MOST SUCCESSFUL EMPRESARIO

A. He also established the LITTLE colony

B. Located NORTHWEST of the first “Old 300” colony

C. The capital was BASTROP

II. WHY WERE AUSTIN’S COLONIES SO SUCCESSFUL?

A. SFA dealt SUCCESSFULLY with Mexican authorities

B. Good fertile LAND to produce COTTON

C. Plenty of WATER and TIMBERD. ROADS and RIVERS provided

easy transportation

Early Texas Empresarios

III. OTHER EMPRESARIOS

A. Green DEWITTi. 2nd most successful

empresarioii. GONZALES was the capital

of his colony (later known for “Come and Take It” cannon)

“Come and Take It” Battle of Gonzales 1835

III. OTHER EMPRESARIOS

B. Martin DELEONi. TEJANO – a person of

Mexican heritage who considers Texas his home

ii. Expert horseman and RANCHER

– What brings to mind the word “ranch”?

III. OTHER EMPRESARIOS

B. Martin DELEONiii. VICTORIA was the capital of

his colony along the Guadalupe River

iv. His fortune began with DOWRY, or valuable goods, his wife Patricia brought into marriage

Victoria, Texas

III. OTHER EMPRESARIOS

C. OTHERSi. David G. BURNET – later

interim, or temporary, PRESIDENT of Texas

ii. Ben MILAM – later leads SIEGE of San Antonio de Bexar in Texas Revolution

Who will go with old Ben Milam?

III. OTHER EMPRESARIOS

C. OTHERSiii. Lorenzo de ZAVALA –

Tejano and later interim VICE-PRESIDENT of Texas (see page 179)

iv. Nancy TEVIS – later founded BEAUMONT

Beaumont, Texas

III. OTHER EMPRESARIOS

D. Two IRISH colonies started by immigrants in Refugio and San Patricio

IV. POPULATION OF COLONIAL TEXAS

A. By 1827, Texas had 21,000 people (mostly from the U.S.)

IV. POPULATION OF COLONIAL TEXAS

B. Texas was divided into 3 DEPARTMENTS – large administrative units similar to a territory

i. NACOGDOCHES: 9,000 people (East TX)

ii. BRAZOS: 8,000 people (SFA’s colonies)

iii. BEXAR: 4,000 people (San Antonio)

IV. POPULATION OF COLONIAL TEXAS

C. The IMPERIAL COLONIZATION Law recognized SLAVERY but outlawed slave trading

i. More than 2,000 enslaved Africans in Texas

ii. Little were FREE, namely Hendrick Arnold, who later serves a spy for Texan army

No slavery!

IV. POPULATION OF COLONIAL TEXAS

D. Mary AUSTIN HOLLEY, cousin of SFA, wrote a series of letters about WOMEN’S hardships living in the colonies (see p. 178)

IV. POPULATION OF COLONIAL TEXAS

E. Educationi. Some settlers joined together

to form PRIVATE schools for their children

ii. In 1829, Thomas J. PILGRIM, opened the first school in Texas in San Felipe de Austin

iii. In 1830s, Frances TRASK opened one of the first schools for girls in Texas

V. MEXICAN TEXAS

A. In 1821, Mexico declared independence from Spain

i. In 1823, Spanish emperor ITURBIDE was overthrown

ii. New Mexican government formed by FEDERALISTS (believed in sharing power b/w states and federal government) and CENTRALISTS (believed power should be concentrated in national or central government)

Spain out, Mexico in

V. MEXICAN TEXAS

B. CONSTITUTION OF 1824i. ZAVALA was one of the

Federalist writersii. Fair plan of government,

people had rightsiii. Texas is part of the

Mexican state, COAHUILAi. SALTILLO was the capital

Mexican Provinces in 1824

The Alamo Flag

V. MEXICAN TEXAS

C. Mexican Colonization Laws (1824-1825)

i. No colony within 10 miles of the coast

ii. Each FAMILY given 4,428 acres of land for $30

iii. No TAXES for 10 yearsiv. A single man gets 1100 bonus

acres if he marries a MEXICAN woman!

Reflection

• Why were Austin’s colonies so successful in Texas?

• How did Texans react to the Imperial Colonization Law regarding slavery?

• How did Texans respond to the Mexican Consitution of 1824?