The College Solution » The College Solution

0 10 20 30 40 501

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2α / β = 0

0 10 20 30 40 50

1.6

1.8

2

2.2α / β = 1/2

0 10 20 30 40 501.4

1.6

1.8

2

2.2

2.4

2.6α / β = 2

n0 10 20 30 40 501

1.5

2

2.5

3α / β = ∞

n

0 10 20 30 40 50-1

-0.5

0

0.5

1α / β = 0

0 10 20 30 40 500

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.1α / β = 1/2

0 10 20 30 40 500

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25α / β = 2

n0 10 20 30 40 500

0.050.1

0.150.2

0.25

0.30.35

α / β = ∞

n

0 10 20 30 40 501

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2α / β = 0

0 10 20 30 40 50

1.6

1.8

2

2.2α / β = 1/2

0 10 20 30 40 501.9

2

2.1

2.2

2.3

2.4

2.5α / β = 2

n0 10 20 30 40 502

2.2

2.4

2.6

2.8α / β = ∞

n

0 10 20 30 40 500

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1α / β = 0

0 10 20 30 40 500.5

1

1.5

2

2.5α / β = 1/2

0 10 20 30 40 501

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5α / β = 2

n0 10 20 30 40 502

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5α / β = ∞

n

USRMeans SD Obs Means SD Obs

Individual characteristicsFemale 0.39 0.49 1463623 0.41 0.49 244308Married (during degree) 0.05 0.22 1463623 0.07 0.26 244308Average Age (upon completion) 23.50 4.06 1463439 23.58 4.32 244270GPA (out of 30) 20.29 6.41 1248321 19.30 5.92 204590Number of high school subjects 3.25 1.11 1248321 5.10 2.56 204590

Degree characteristicsHonors 2.44 0.77 1251168 2.37 0.67 198109Entry qualifications (school exams) 0.15 0.35 1463623 0.16 0.37 244308Successful completion 0.86 0.35 1463623 0.81 0.39 244308Duration 3.29 0.67 1463623 3.86 0.70 244308

Occupational SwitchingVery broad classification 0.48 0.50 619451 0.36 0.48 95149Broad classification 0.55 0.50 619451 0.42 0.49 95149Narrow classification 0.72 0.45 619451 0.58 0.49 95149

NSGDMeans SD Obs Means SD Obs

Individual characteristicsFemale 0.41 0.49 3827 0.43 0.49 550Married (7 years after degree) 0.50 0.50 3785 0.55 0.50 545Average Age (upon completion) 22.18 2.51 3767 22.29 2.95 540GPA (out of 30) 19.75 5.74 3792 18.03 5.83 547Number of high school subjects 3.25 0.89 3829 5.23 1.12 550

Degree characteristicsHonors 2.44 0.77 3805 2.33 0.67 547

Occupational SwitchingVery broad classification 0.62 0.49 2010 0.44 0.50 308Broad classification 0.68 0.47 2010 0.50 0.50 308Narrow classification 0.78 0.42 2010 0.63 0.48 308

Log annual earnings 8.46 0.39 3465 8.41 0.40 507

Notes: The base sample for the USR includes all individuals that attained a BA degree between 1973-1993 and are employed in a job 6 months following graduation. The base sample for the NSGD includes all individuals that attained a BA degree in 1980 and are employed in a job 6 months following graduation. Median age at the start of the degree is 19 for both nations. GPA is an average measure of the achievement in secondary school leaving exams out of 30 (but standardized by nation in all regressions). Honors is a measure of success at university standardized across nations taking descrete values from 0 (no honors) to 4 (highest honors). Occupational switch is defined as 1 if field of study at the undergraduate level is equivalent to the occupational field of first job 6 months following degree and 0 otherwise (see Data Appendix for further discussion of classification groups).

Table 1: Summary Statistics

English Degrees Scottish Degrees

English High School Exams Scottish High School Exams

England Scotland English High School Students

Scotland High School Students

Degree Field Composition (%)Mathematical and Computer Sc. 6.4 5.5 4.8 4.7Physical Sciences 11.7 10.4 14.6 10.6Architecture 1.3 3.2 1.2 1.7Engineering 14.7 14.8 12.7 18.7Life Sciences 8.0 9.8 10.6 10.2Health Sciences 10.4 13.9 2.4 3.2Social Services and Welfare 5.0 3.9 4.0 2.6Social Sciences 14.6 11.0 23.3 20.8Business 3.5 6.0 2.4 4.2Law 5.2 6.2 4.7 7.2Education 1.9 2.1 2.3 4.2Art 17.3 13.2 17.2 12.1

Post-BA Activity (%)Entering employment 64.9 65.6 61.9 64.1Further study 23.8 24.3 27.7 29.0Unemployed/Non-employed 11.4 10.1 10.5 6.9

Region of Work (%)England 79.8 21.6 86.4 23.2Scotland 0.7 68.2 1.9 70.2Wales 5.6 0.5 4.0 0.7Northern Ireland 2.6 0.5 0.3 0.0Abroad 11.3 9.1 7.4 5.9

Region of Prior Residence (%)England 96.7 3.3Scotland 7.4 92.6

Notes: Fields of study are based on a broad classification (other classifications are discussed in the Data Appendix). Foreign students returning overseas are excluded from counts of Post-BA activity. More detailed subgroups for region of work are available in the NSGD data.

Table 2: Further Summary Statistics on Degrees and First DestinationsUSR NSGD

No Field Controls OLS OLS 2SLS 2SLS(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

-0.123*** -0.054*** -0.032* -0.072*** -0.067***[0.042] [0.013] [0.016] [0.010] [0.016]

0.074*** 0.017*** 0.017*** 0.017*** 0.017***[0.011] [0.004] [0.004] [0.004] [0.004]

-0.084*** -0.026*** -0.024*** -0.024*** -0.023***[0.017] [0.007] [0.007] [0.007] [0.007]

-0.045*** -0.006** -0.006* -0.006* -0.006**[0.013] [0.003] [0.003] [0.003] [0.003]

0.012* 0 -0.001 -0.003 -0.003*[0.006] [0.002] [0.002] [0.002] [0.002]

0.021* 0.003 0.001 -0.002 -0.002[0.011] [0.003] [0.003] [0.002] [0.002]

-0.014 -0.020*** -0.021*** -0.024*** -0.023***[0.014] [0.005] [0.005] [0.006] [0.006]

-0.129*** -0.048*** -0.047*** -0.046*** -0.046***[0.032] [0.008] [0.008] [0.008] [0.008]

-0.003 -0.066*** -0.067*** -0.066*** -0.066***[0.012] [0.006] [0.006] [0.006] [0.006]

-0.120*** -0.102*** -0.103*** -0.102*** -0.103***[0.019] [0.008] [0.008] [0.008] [0.008]

0.764*** 0.800*** 0.802*** 0.803*** 0.804***[0.025] [0.021] [0.021] [0.021] [0.020]

X X X XX X

410977 410977 410977 410977 410977

0.05 0.41 0.41 0.41 0.41

0.69 0.75

Constant

High Honors

Region of workObservations

Field of Study

R-squared

1st stage R-squared

Notes: Huber-White standard errors, clustered by university in brackets. * and ** indicate significance at the 5% and 1% level respectively. Dependent variable is defined as 1 if field of study at the undergraduate level is equivalent to the occupational field of first job 6 months following degree and 0 otherwise (according to the broad classification of fields - see Data Appendix). SCOTTISH DEGREE is instrumented with nation of prior residence in columns (4) and (5). Omitted age group is "Age<18" and omitted honors category is "No honors". Year fixed effects included in all regressions. Sample includes all students that attained a first degree in England and Scotland (excluding Wales) with occupation data.

GPA (in High School)

Higher Honors

Highest Honors

Age 20

Age 19

Level of Honors

Age 21

Table 3 : The Effect of Attaining a Scottish Degree on Occupational Switching (USR sample)

Age at Start

Female

SCOTTISH DEGREE

Dependent variable: occupational switch

Married

(1) (2) (3) (4)

-0.170*** -0.085*** 0.017 -0.087***[0.032] [0.026] [0.040] [0.026]

-0.038[0.025]

0.158*** 0.034* 0.032* 0.035*[0.022] [0.019] [0.019] [0.019]

-0.059*** -0.017 -0.016 -0.017[0.022] [0.017] [0.017] [0.017]

0.028** 0.004 0.001 0.009[0.011] [0.009] [0.009] [0.010]

0 0.002 0.003 0.001[0.024] [0.019] [0.019] [0.019]

-0.006 0.005 0.003 0.005[0.034] [0.029] [0.029] [0.029]

0 -0.02 -0.016 -0.02[0.040] [0.032] [0.032] [0.032]

0.057 -0.016 -0.008 -0.017[0.038] [0.030] [0.029] [0.030]

0.041 -0.044 -0.039 -0.045[0.039] [0.031] [0.031] [0.031]

-0.149*** -0.062 -0.056 -0.061[0.058] [0.045] [0.045] [0.045]

0.621*** 0.437*** 0.468*** 0.437***[0.038] [0.053] [0.055] [0.053]

X X XX

1895 1895 1895 1895

0.06 0.42 0.43 0.42

SCOTTISH EXAMS*GPA

Age at Completion

Level of Honors

Constant

Age 22

Age 23

High Honors

Field of Study

Female

Table 4 : The Effect of Sitting Scottish Exams on Occupational Switching (NSGD sample)

Observations

R-squared

Notes: Huber-White standard errors. * and ** indicate significance at the 5% and 1% level respectively. Dependent variable is defined as 1 if field of study at the undergraduate level is equivalent to the occupational field of first job 6 months following degree and 0 otherwise (according to the broad classification of fields - see Data Appendix). Omitted age group is "Age<21" and omitted honors cateogry is "No honors". Sample includes all students that attained a first degree in 1980 and are employed within 6 months of completing their degree.

Dependent variable: occupational switch

SCOTTISH HIGH SCHOOL EXAMS

Region of Work

Highest Honors

Married


Higher Honors

Age 24

(1) (2) (3) (4)

-0.005 0.005 0.004[0.035] [0.034] [0.034]

-0.074*** -0.071*** -0.071***[0.026] [0.027] [0.026]

-0.016 -0.012[0.042] [0.042]

-0.046**[0.020]

-0.005[0.017]

0.100***[0.035]

-0.055*** -0.055*** -0.054*** -0.054***[0.016] [0.016] [0.016] [0.016]

0.026* 0.025* 0.025* 0.025*[0.015] [0.015] [0.015] [0.015]

0.024*** 0.023*** 0.023*** 0.025**[0.009] [0.009] [0.009] [0.012]0.028 0.024 0.024 0.033

[0.042] [0.042] [0.042] [0.041]0 0 0 0

[0.001] [0.001] [0.001] [0.001]

0.026 0.027 0.028 0.03[0.022] [0.022] [0.022] [0.022]

0.079*** 0.076*** 0.076*** 0.078***[0.024] [0.024] [0.024] [0.024]

0.037 0.034 0.034 0.037[0.054] [0.053] [0.054] [0.054]

7.851*** 7.915*** 7.921*** 7.809***[0.542] [0.543] [0.545] [0.539]

X X X XX X X X

1719 1719 1719 17190.27 0.28 0.28 0.28

Table 5 : The Effect of Sitting Scottish Exams and Occupational Switching on Annual Earnings (NSGD sample)

Dependent variable: log annual earnings, 6 months after completing degree


SWITCH*SCOTTISH EXAMS*GPA

SWITCH

Age

SWITCH*SCOTTISH EXAMS

SCOTTISH EXAMS*GPA

SWITCH*GPA

Married


High Honors

Region of WorkObservations

Female

Highest Honors

Age-squared

Higher Honors

Level of Honors

R-squared

Notes: Huber-White standard errors. * and ** indicate significance at the 5% and 1% level respectively. Dependent variable is defined as log annual earnings in first job 6 months after completion of an undergraduate degree. SWITCH is defined as 1 if field of study is equivalent to the occupational field of first job 6 months following degree and 0 otherwise (according to the broad classification of fields - see Data Appendix). Omitted honors cateogry is "No honors". Industry fixed effects included in all regressions. Sample includes all students that attained a first degree in 1980 and are employed within 6 months of completing their degree.

Field of Study

Constant

log annual earnings

USR NSGD USR NSGD NSGD(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

0.007 0.01 0.047 0.012 -0.017[0.018] [0.045] [0.035] [0.045] [0.061]

-0.117**[0.037]

-0.031[0.075]

-0.004 0.04 0.023*** 0.119** -0.097**[0.005] [0.031] [0.005] [0.030] [0.029]

0.021*** -0.006 -0.044*** 0.042 -0.019[0.007] [0.029] [0.013] [0.029] [0.025]

0.003 -0.02 -0.008[0.015] [0.015] [0.014]

-0.058 -0.051 0.023[0.050] [0.057] [0.067]

-0.073 -0.129* 0.085[0.051] [0.056] [0.071]

-0.141* -0.285** 0.244**[0.068] [0.072] [0.081]

0.611*** 0.804** 0.213*** 0.642** 8.384**[0.035] [0.083] [0.076] [0.088] [0.544]

X X X X X

X

55095 858 276492 982 774

0.32 0.38 0.24 0.17 0.32

Field of Study

Highest Honors

SWITCH


Female


Level of Honors (in BA)

Notes: Huber-White standard errors, clustered by university in USR samples. * and ** indicate significance at the 5% and 1% level respectively. Occupational switch is defined as 1 if field of study is equivalent to the occupational field of first job 6 months following degree and 0 otherwise (according to the broad classification of fields - see Data Appendix). Academic switch is defined as 1 if field of study at undergraduate level is equivalent to the field of study at graduate level and 0 otherwise (according to the broad classification). Log annual earnings are defined for the first job 6 months after completion of a graduate degree. Omitted honors category is "No honors". USR regressions also include type of degree, entry qualification, and year fixed effects. NSGD regressions also include controls for age. Additional controls in wage regressions include industry fixed effects.

Table 6 : Graduate Occupational Switching, Academic Switching and Wages

Married

Region of Work

Higher Honors

occupational switchDependent variable: academic switch

Observations

R-squared

SCOTTISH DEGREE/ HIGH SCHOOL EXAMS

Constant

High Honors

(1) (2) (3) (1) (2) (3)

0.019 0.031 0.027 0.028[0.048] [0.052] [0.050] [0.052]

0.077** 0.081** 0.054 0.054[0.034] [0.035] [0.036] [0.038]

-0.024 -0.005[0.062] [0.067]

-0.141*** -0.141*** -0.141*** -0.136*** -0.136*** -0.137***[0.025] [0.026] [0.026] [0.027] [0.027] [0.027]

-0.001 0 0 0.02 0.021 0.021[0.022] [0.022] [0.022] [0.023] [0.023] [0.023]

-0.016 -0.015 -0.015 -0.01 -0.008 -0.009[0.012] [0.012] [0.012] [0.013] [0.013] [0.013]

0.076 0.08 0.08 0.089 0.09 0.09[0.053] [0.053] [0.053] [0.055] [0.055] [0.055]

-0.002** -0.002** -0.002** -0.002** -0.002** -0.002**[0.001] [0.001] [0.001] [0.001] [0.001] [0.001]

0.018 0.018 0.018 0.024 0.025 0.024[0.034] [0.034] [0.034] [0.037] [0.037] [0.037]0.029 0.032 0.033 0.02 0.024 0.024

[0.036] [0.036] [0.036] [0.039] [0.039] [0.039]

0.135** 0.138** 0.140** 0.099 0.1 0.101[0.061] [0.061] [0.061] [0.066] [0.065] [0.065]

0.429 0.36 0.365 -0.043 -0.068 -0.061[0.715] [0.709] [0.711] [0.740] [0.737] [0.737]

X X X X X X

X X X X X X

1632 1632 1632 1159 1159 1159

0.19 0.2 0.2 0.27 0.27 0.27

Constant

High Honors

Notes: Huber-White standard errors. +, * and ** indicate significance at the 10%, 5% and 1% level respectively. Dependent variables are defined as log annual earnings in first job 6 months after completion of an undergraduate degree, log annual earnings in current job 6.5 years after completion of an undergraduate degree, and the log change in annual earnings. SWITCH is defined as 1 if field of study is equivalent to the occupational field of first job 6 months following degree and 0 otherwise (according to the broad classification of fields - see Data Appendix). Omitted honors cateogry is "No honors". Industry fixed effects included in all regressions. Sample only includes students that attained a first degree in 1980 and are employed within 6 months of completing their degree. Restricted sample excludes individuals that had a further occupational change in the labor market

Field of Study

Region of Work

Observations

R-squared

Age

Highest Honors

Table 7: The Effect of Sitting Scottish Exams and Occupational Switching on Wage Growth (NSGD sample)


Dependent variable: growth in log annual earnings (over 6 year interval)

Female


SWITCH

Entire sample Restricted sample

Age-squared

Married


Higher Honors

Level of Honors

0.5 years 2.5 years 4.5 years 6.5 years

-0.100** -0.099** -0.131** -0.133**[0.025] [0.025] [0.025] [0.025]

0.029 0.032 0.029 0.028[0.018] [0.019] [0.019] [0.018]

-0.015 -0.005 -0.011 -0.008[0.017] [0.017] [0.017] [0.017]

0.005 0.008 0.001 0.006[0.008] [0.009] [0.009] [0.009]

-0.002 0.003 -0.004 0.001[0.018] [0.019] [0.019] [0.019]

-0.009 -0.007 0.009 -0.001[0.029] [0.029] [0.029] [0.029]

-0.053 -0.032 -0.008 -0.003[0.031] [0.030] [0.030] [0.031]

-0.01 -0.028 -0.022 -0.033[0.029] [0.029] [0.029] [0.028]

-0.049 -0.062* -0.069* -0.092**[0.030] [0.030] [0.030] [0.029]

-0.090* -0.105* -0.099* -0.106*[0.045] [0.046] [0.045] [0.045]

0.416** 0.411** 0.450** 0.520**[0.049] [0.049] [0.050] [0.050]

X X X X

2076 2076 2076 2076

0.41 0.38 0.37 0.38

High Honors

Field of Study

Table 8 : The Effect of Sitting Scottish Exams on Occupational Switching over Time (NSGD sample)

Dependent variable: occupational switch after�…

SCOTTISH EXAMS

Highest Honors

Age at Completion

Age 23

Age 22

Notes: Huber-White standard errors. * and ** indicate significance at the 5% and 1% level respectively. Dependent variables are defined as 1 if field of study at the undergraduate level is equivalent to the occupational field of job at 6 months, .2.5 years, 4.5 years, and 6.5 years following degree and 0 otherwise (according to the broad classification of fields - see Data Appendix). Omitted age category is "Age<21" and omitted honors cateogry is "No honors". Industry fixed effects included in all regressions. Sample only includes students that attained a first degree in 1980 and are employed within 6 months of completing their degree.

Observations

R-squared

Female

Married


Higher Honors

Age 24

Level of Honors

Constant

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)

-0.048** -0.016 -0.051* -0.068** -0.077** -0.074*[0.019] [0.020] [0.024] [0.025] [0.025] [0.029]

0.108** 0.097** 0.128**[0.021] [0.026] [0.029]

-0.042 0.049 0.016[0.036] [0.045] [0.048]

0.035 0.034 0.032 0.029 0.042 0.039[0.018] [0.018] [0.021] [0.021] [0.023] [0.023]

-0.032* -0.029 -0.035 -0.032 -0.011 -0.007[0.015] [0.015] [0.018] [0.018] [0.019] [0.019]

-0.007 -0.006 -0.014 -0.011 -0.012 -0.006[0.007] [0.007] [0.008] [0.009] [0.009] [0.009]

0.006 0.008 0.013 0.015 0.015 0.017[0.009] [0.009] [0.011] [0.011] [0.012] [0.012]

-0.000* -0.000* -0.000** -0.000** -0.000** -0.000**[0.000] [0.000] [0.000] [0.000] [0.000] [0.000]

0 0 0.049 0.048 0.036 0.035[0.025] [0.025] [0.028] [0.028] [0.033] [0.033]

-0.001 0.003 0.061* 0.064* 0.017 0.019[0.026] [0.026] [0.030] [0.030] [0.034] [0.034]

-0.061* -0.053 -0.038 -0.034 -0.062 -0.059[0.030] [0.030] [0.038] [0.038] [0.043] [0.044]

-0.002 -0.029 -0.148 -0.182 -0.007 -0.054[0.213] [0.211] [0.252] [0.251] [0.273] [0.271]

X X X X X X

2022 2022 2019 2019 2022 2022

0.04 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.04 0.06

Field of Study

Observations

R-squared

Notes: Huber-White standard errors. * and ** indicate significance at the 5% and 1% level respectively. Dependent variables are defined as 1 if occupational field at 6 months after the completion of the undergraduate degree is equivalent to the occupational field of job at 2.5 years, 4.5 years, and 6.5 years following degree and 0 otherwise (according to the broad classification of fields - see Data Appendix). SWITCH is defined as 1 if field of study is equivalent to the occupational field of first job 6 months following degree and 0 otherwise. Omitted honors cateogry is "No honors". Industry fixed effects included in all regressions. Sample only includes students that attained a first degree in 1980 and are employed within 6 months of completing their degree.

Female


SWITCH

Age

Married


Table 9: The Effect of Sitting Scottish Exams and Occupational Switching on Occupational Mobility (NSGD sample)

Dependent variable: change to a job in a different occupational field after�…


2.5 years 4.5 years 6.5 years

Age-squared

Higher Honors

Level of Honors

Constant

High Honors

Highest Honors

(1) (2) (3) (4)

-0.142 -0.141 0.123 0.116[0.131] [0.131] [0.114] [0.117]

-0.322** -0.269** 0.365** 0.138[0.069] [0.078] [0.059] [0.071]

0.290+ 0.284+ -0.435** -0.406**[0.163] [0.163] [0.148] [0.151]

-0.01 -0.025 0.065 -0.038[0.060] [0.062] [0.054] [0.057]

0.001 0.002 -0.022 0.003[0.054] [0.055] [0.050] [0.050]

0.002 0.011 -0.017 -0.018[0.026] [0.026] [0.025] [0.026]

-0.041 -0.039 0.095 0.069[0.061] [0.061] [0.055] [0.056]

0.06 0.03 0.108 0.051[0.081] [0.084] [0.077] [0.080]

-0.02 -0.055 0.260** 0.182[0.108] [0.108] [0.100] [0.101]

0.257** 0.279** 0.135 0.075[0.089] [0.091] [0.084] [0.087]

0.357** 0.379** 0.344** 0.253**[0.094] [0.097] [0.088] [0.090]

0.592** 0.617** 0.278* 0.313*[0.155] [0.154] [0.135] [0.136]

X X

1981 1981 1992 1992


SWITCH


Table 10: Subjective Assessments of Benefits of Education (NSGD Sample)

Female

Notes: Huber-White standard errors. +, * and ** indicate significance at the 10%, 5% and 1% level respectively. Results are from ordered probit regressions. Dependent variables are ordered categorical variables that take on values from 1 ("Not at all") to 4 ("A lot"). SWITCH is defined as 1 if field of study is equivalent to the occupational field of first job 6 months following degree and 0 otherwise (according to the broad classification of fields - see Data Appendix). Omitted age group is "Age<21", omitted honors cateogry is "No honors". Industry fixed effects included in all regressions. Additional controls include log annual earnings in the first job after 6 months and subjective measures of how beneficial the qualification has been to securing a good income. Sample only includes students that attained a first degree in 1980 and are employed within 6 months of completing their degree.

Dependent variable: "How beneficial has your qualification been to you in�…"


Highest Honors

"Getting an Interesting Job"

Married

"Becoming an Educated Person"

High Honors

Field of Study

Observations

Age 24

Higher Honors

Age at Completion

Level of Honors

Age 22

Age 23

APPENDIX TABLE 1: FIELDS OF STUDY 11 PHYSICAL, MATHEMATICAL AND COMPUTER SCIENCES

111 Mathematical and Computer Sciences 1110 Other 1111 Mathematical Sciences 1112 Computer Sciences

112 Physical Sciences 1120 Other 1121 Environmental 1122 Chemistry 1123 Geology 1124 Physics

12 ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE 121 Architecture

1210 Architecture 122 Engineering

1220 Other 1221 Aerospace, aeronautical, astronautical engineering 1222 Chemical engineering 1223 Civil engineering 1225 Electrical, electronics, communications engineering 1227 Industrial engineering 1228 Materials 1229 Mechanical engineering

13 LIFE AND HEALTH SCIENCES 131 Life Sciences

1310 Other 1311 Agriculture 1312 Biology

132 Health Sciences 1320 Other 1321 Physicians 1322 Nursing

21 SOCIAL SCIENCES AND SERVICES 211 Social Service Studies

2110 Other 2111 Psychology 2112 Social Work

212 Social Sciences 2120 Other 2121 Economics 2122 History 2123 Geography 2124 Government, Public Administration

22 BUSINESS and LAW 221 Business

2210 Other 2211 Accounting, Financial 2212 Management 2213 Sales

222 Law 2221 Law

23. EDUCATION and ARTS 231 Education

2310 Education 232 Arts

2320 Other 2321 English 2322 Art 2323 Performing arts 2324 Languages 2325 Religion and Philosophy

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