The Cold War- Arms Race, Korea and Vietnam. The Arms Race Begins In 1949, the Soviets developed the atomic bomb.

The Cold War- The Cold War- Arms Race, Korea and Arms Race, Korea and

VietnamVietnam

The Arms Race BeginsThe Arms Race Begins

In 1949, the In 1949, the Soviets Soviets developed the developed the atomic bomb.atomic bomb.

Arms Race Arms Race

In the 1950’s the In the 1950’s the US developed US developed the first the first hydrogen bomb, hydrogen bomb, and the Soviets and the Soviets released the released the satellite Sputnik.satellite Sputnik.

Arms RaceArms Race

Dwight D. Dwight D. Eisenhower was Eisenhower was elected to succeed elected to succeed Harry S. Truman as Harry S. Truman as presidentpresident

Arms RaceArms Race

Nikita Khrushchev Nikita Khrushchev succeeded Josef succeeded Josef Stalin as Soviet Stalin as Soviet PremierPremier

Arms raceArms race

In 1957, tIn 1957, the he launch of the launch of the satellite Sputnik satellite Sputnik into space into space drastically changes drastically changes the arms racethe arms race

The U-2 IncidentThe U-2 Incident

In 1962, an In 1962, an American pilot, American pilot, Gary Powers, was Gary Powers, was searching over searching over Soviet territory in a Soviet territory in a U-2 plane, which U-2 plane, which was shot down by was shot down by Soviets.Soviets.

KoreaKorea

A communist A communist supported supported government government emerged in the emerged in the NorthNorth

Non-communists Non-communists emerged in the emerged in the SouthSouth

KoreaKorea

The Soviet Union The Soviet Union and and China China supported the supported the North Korean North Korean government.government.

KoreaKorea

The United The United Nations and the Nations and the United States United States supported the supported the south and helped south and helped them against the them against the North.North.

Invasion of South KoreaInvasion of South Korea

North Korea attacked North Korea attacked South Korea.South Korea.

North Korean forces North Korean forces rapidly advanced rapidly advanced southward against southward against the ill-equipped the ill-equipped defenders, taking the defenders, taking the Southern capital Southern capital Seoul three days Seoul three days after the invasion after the invasion began.began.

CounteroffensiveCounteroffensive They cut off the North They cut off the North

Korean army at the Korean army at the Port of Inchon. They Port of Inchon. They also forced their way also forced their way into the Pusan into the Pusan perimeter. Seoul, perimeter. Seoul, Korea’s capital, was Korea’s capital, was taken by the U.N. taken by the U.N. forces on September forces on September 2626thth, 1950., 1950.

Chinese OffensiveChinese Offensive

The Chinese sent The Chinese sent troops to attack troops to attack the UN forces and the UN forces and push them back in push them back in a southward a southward disorderly retreat.disorderly retreat.

A Divided KoreaA Divided Korea

The War ended The War ended with anwith an armistice armistice signed in 1953. signed in 1953. Maintaining the Maintaining the division of Korea division of Korea along the 38along the 38thth Parallel.Parallel.

DMZDMZ

The DMZ, or The DMZ, or demilitarized demilitarized zone, was an zone, was an area area within 2 within 2 kilometers of the kilometers of the armistice line armistice line where no where no military could military could go.go.

CasualtiesCasualties

U.N. casualties U.N. casualties were estimated at were estimated at more than 550,000 more than 550,000 -- while North -- while North Korean and Chinese Korean and Chinese casualties were casualties were believed to be believed to be around 1.5 million.around 1.5 million.

SEATOSEATO The Southeast Asia The Southeast Asia

Treaty Organization Treaty Organization (SEATO), also (SEATO), also known as the known as the Southeast Asia Southeast Asia Collective Defense Collective Defense Treaty or the Manila Treaty or the Manila Pact, was an Pact, was an international international organization for organization for defensive defensive collaboration collaboration established on established on September 8, 1954.September 8, 1954.

Occupied BerlinOccupied Berlin

Berlin was Berlin was occupied by occupied by France, Britain, France, Britain, the U.S.S.R., and the U.S.S.R., and the U.S.the U.S.

Berlin WallBerlin Wall

West Berlin gave West Berlin gave East Germans a East Germans a glimpse of glimpse of Western society Western society including including democracy and democracy and capitalismcapitalism

Berlin WallBerlin Wall

East Germany East Germany formally closed formally closed the border with the border with West Berlin on West Berlin on tthe morning of he morning of August 13August 13thth, , 1961.1961.

““Ich bin ein Berliner”Ich bin ein Berliner”

On June 26On June 26thth, 1963 , 1963 US President John US President John F. Kennedy said “I F. Kennedy said “I am a citizen of am a citizen of Berlin.”Berlin.”

It was a clear It was a clear statement of U.S. statement of U.S. policy in the wake policy in the wake of the Berlin Wall.of the Berlin Wall.

VietnamVietnam

An international An international peace conference peace conference in Geneva in Geneva temporarily divided temporarily divided Vietnam into a Vietnam into a communist-led communist-led North and non-North and non-communist South communist South after French after French withdrawal.withdrawal.

North VietnamNorth Vietnam

A communist A communist named Ho Chi Minh named Ho Chi Minh governed North governed North VietnamVietnam

South VietnamSouth Vietnam In the South, the In the South, the

regime of President regime of President Ngo Dinh Diem, an Ngo Dinh Diem, an autocratic anti-autocratic anti-communist communist determined to determined to resist the North. resist the North.

He was murdered He was murdered by his own soldiers by his own soldiers on November 1on November 1stst, , 1963.1963.

Gulf of Tonkin IncidentGulf of Tonkin Incident

The U.S.S. Maddox The U.S.S. Maddox exchanged fire exchanged fire with North with North Vietnamese Vietnamese torpedo boats in torpedo boats in the Gulf of Tonkin.the Gulf of Tonkin.

Gulf of Tonkin ResolutionGulf of Tonkin Resolution

The Gulf of The Gulf of Tonkin Tonkin ResolutionResolution allowed Lyndon allowed Lyndon Baines Johnson to Baines Johnson to wage war in wage war in Vietnam without a Vietnam without a Congressional Congressional declaration of war.declaration of war.

The Ho Chi Minh TrailThe Ho Chi Minh Trail

The Ho Chi Minh The Ho Chi Minh Trail Trail was a was a primitive but highly primitive but highly effective supply effective supply line that linked line that linked North Vietnam with North Vietnam with it’s fighters and it’s fighters and supporters in the supporters in the south.south.

Tet OffensiveTet Offensive

The Tet Offensive The Tet Offensive consisted of North consisted of North Vietnamese Vietnamese attacks that took attacks that took place during the place during the Tet holiday 1968.Tet holiday 1968.

End of the Vietnam ConflictEnd of the Vietnam Conflict The Paris Peace Accords The Paris Peace Accords

on January 27, 1973 on January 27, 1973 formally recognized the formally recognized the sovereignty of both sovereignty of both sides. Under the terms sides. Under the terms of the accords all of the accords all American combat American combat troops were withdrawn troops were withdrawn by March 29, 1973. by March 29, 1973. Limited fighting Limited fighting continued, but all major continued, but all major fighting ended until the fighting ended until the North once again North once again invaded in strength and invaded in strength and overpowered the South overpowered the South on April 30, 1975.on April 30, 1975.

CubaCuba

Revolutionary Revolutionary forces led by forces led by Fidel Castro Fidel Castro overthrew the overthrew the Batista Batista government.government.

Bay of PigsBay of Pigs

The Bay of Pigs The Bay of Pigs invasion was a plan invasion was a plan to overthrow to overthrow Castro that was Castro that was presented to John presented to John F. Kennedy soon F. Kennedy soon after his after his inauguration in inauguration in 1961.1961.

Failure of Bay of PigsFailure of Bay of Pigs

The US failed to The US failed to provide air support provide air support to invaders.to invaders.

Castro’s remaining Castro’s remaining air force quickly air force quickly destroyed ships destroyed ships carrying vital carrying vital ammunition ammunition supplies for the supplies for the invaders.invaders.

Cuban Missile CrisisCuban Missile Crisis

Nikita Nikita Khrushchev Khrushchev offered to offered to deploy Soviet deploy Soviet nuclear nuclear missiles in missiles in Cuba. Missiles Cuba. Missiles were found were found 100 miles from 100 miles from the U.S. the U.S.

Resolution in CubaResolution in Cuba

The Soviet leader The Soviet leader offered to withdraw offered to withdraw his missiles from his missiles from Cuba -- if the Cuba -- if the United States United States promised never to promised never to invade the island. invade the island.