The Cold War

The Cold War

Beginnings of the Cold War•Explain how the Cold War began•Describe the difference between East and West Germany•Describe what the Berlin Airlift was

To Begin

What is an “enemy”?

“Enemy”

“Just because soldiers are on the same side right now, doesn’t mean they always will be. Yesterday’s good might be tomorrow’s evil. […] The enemies we fight are only our enemies in relative terms, constantly changing with the times. […] So then what is an “enemy”? Is there such thing as an absolute, timeless enemy? There is no such thing, and never has been.”

“Enemy”

“The foibles of politics and the march of time can turns friends into enemies just as easily as the wind changes. Ridiculous, isn’t it? Yesterday’s ally becomes today’s opposition. And this Cold War? Think back… when I leading the Cobras, America and Russia were fighting together. Now consider whether American and Russia will still be enemies in the 21st century. Somehow, I doubt it.”

“Enemy” (cont.)

Do you agree?

“Cold War”

Called the “Cold War” is because there’s no real direct fighting between U.S. and U.S.S.R.

Almost led to complete destruction of the world

The Iron Curtain

What happened at the Potsdam conference?

The Iron Curtain (cont.)

Germany split into 4 zones (U.S., Britain, France, and U.S.S.R.)

Soviets block Allies from certain areas east of Germany; becomes iron curtain

Soviets spreading communism and their authority on their side

The Iron Curtain (cont.)

France, Britain, and U.S. parts of Germany combine into “West Germany”; Soviet side “East Germany”

Berlin, Germany’s capital, split down the middle (half U.S., have U.S.S.R.)

The Iron Curtain (cont.)

Berlin technically inside East Germany (U.S.S.R. side)

Stalin wanted all of Berlin; cut off all aid and supplies from West Germany

Berlin Airlift

U.S. afraid that West Berlin would fall to communism

U.S. started airlifting supplies into West Berlin; called the Berlin Airlift

Homework

Chapter 12, Section 1

Answer the question sheet that goes along with it on a separate sheet of paper

Due tomorrow

The Korean War•Describe how Mao Zedong gained power in China•Describe the causes and progress of the war in Korea•Identify the long-term effects of the Korean War

To Begin

What do you know about China?

What do you know about North Korea?

China

Civil war happening in China

Jiang Jieshi vs. Mao Zedong J.J. was supported by U.S., Mao was

communist and supported by U.S.S.R.

China (cont.)

Mao (and communists) win China

Americans stunned

The Korean War

Korea divided by U.S. and U.S.S.R. after WWII

Dividing line was 38th parallel line of latitude

North Korea communist and allied with U.S.S.R.; South Korea with U.S.

Consider the Following

Who was the leader of Communist China?

The Korean War (cont.)

In 1950, North Korea invaded South

U.S. and U.N. intervene

U.S.S.R. could have vetoed in U.N., but were boycotting

The Korean War (cont.)

Douglas MacArthur led U.S. in Korea

U.S. counterattacks and pushes back N.K.

The Korean War (cont.)

Truman unsure whether or not to keep pushing into N.K. Afraid China will enter war

MacArthur reassures him China won’t enter

China enters

The Korean War (cont.)

MacArthur wants to invade China and use nuclear weapons

Truman says no

The Korean War (cont.)

MacArthur furious; attacks president’s decision

Truman fires MacArthur

The Korean War (cont.)

1953: N.K. and S.K. agree to a cease-fire

No real “winner”; more of a stalemate

Consider the Following

Why did Truman fire MacArthur?

Korea Today

Korea still divided

Some say war will happen again

Propaganda

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dSzpGpco1Uw

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qqe3izSNunw

The Arms Race

Balance Shift

Up until now, U.S. leader of world

1949: Soviets have atom bomb

What does this mean for the rest of the world?

Arms Race

Truman orders creation of hydrogen bomb 1,000 times more powerful than atom

bomb

Oppenheimer and Einstein opposed idea of creating H-Bomb Feared it would create arms race

Arms Race (cont.)

U.S. gets H-Bomb in 1952

Soviets get H-Bomb one year later

Arms Race (cont.)

Dwight D. Eisenhower new president

Felt that we must stockpile nuclear weapons

Arms Race (cont.)

Over the next 4 decades, U.S. and U.S.S.R. kept stockpiling nuclear weapons

Arms Race (cont.)

Consider the Following

How do you feel about this?

M.A.D.

New method of “peace”: mutually assured destruction

If U.S. bombed U.S.S.R., they’d bomb us, and vice-versa

Nobody would be left; all dead

M.A.D. (cont.)

Could you push the button?

New Organizations

Central Intelligence Agency created to fight communism

NASA formed to get Americans into space before Soviets Soviets already doing space stuff

Duck and Cover

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IKqXu-5jw60

McCarthyism Worksheet

Due Friday!

The Red Scare

The Red Scare

What were the Salem Witch trials?

The Red Scare (cont.)

Fear of Communism spreading throughout U.S.

HUAC (House Un-American Activities Committee) formed to combat “communists”

The Red Scare (cont.)

Fear of communist spies in America

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_MZjSCukPUo

McCarthyism

Joseph R. McCarthy was a senator that accused people in the State Department of being communists

Were they really? Probably not, but still fueled American fear

McCarthyism (cont.)

Became known as “McCarthyism”

Even accused U.S. Army

Lost power after people saw how big of a jerk he was on T.V.