CHAPTER 29 The Civil Rights Era
The Civil Rights Era. NAACPNAACP: National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.
Jan 19, 2016
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CHAPTER 29
The Civil Rights Era
NAACP:NationalAssociation for theAdvancement ofColored People
Plessy v. Ferguson
Separate but equal1896
Thurgood Marshall:Chief lawyer for the NAACP
Brown v. Board of Education
Began integration in the schools
Little Rock, Arkansas…1957The Little Rock Nine
Little Rock governor Orval Faubus opposed integration
President Eisenhower...
Sent hundreds of soldiers to patrol the school grounds and protect the students.
When did Rosa Park refuse to give up her seat on the bus?
December 1, 1955(lasted 1 year)Boycott: A refusal to use-the city’s buses75% of riders were AfricanAmerican
Vocabulary
boycott – the refusal to use city buses
segregation – the separation of people of different races.
integration – the bringing of races together in public schools
civil disobedience – the refusal to obey laws that are considered unjust
He followed tactics of:A. Phillip Randolph
and Gandhi (nonviolent protest)
Who assassinated him?James Earl Ray in Memphis
Famous speech: I have a dream…***He became the leader of the civil rights movement.
S C L CSouthern Christian Leadership Conference
started by King and 60 ministers – non violent protest
Mohandas Gandhi…..He used nonviolent protestto help India gain independence from Great Britain.civil disobedience:The refusal to obey the ways that are considered unjust.
Richard Nixon
John Kennedy
Section 2
35th president
U.S. Navy –WW II
U.S. Senator 1946/Mass.
Wrote Profiles in Courage (about difficult decisions made by past U.S. senators)
New Frontier
First Catholic President of the U.S.
Republican
Vice President under EisenhowerParticipated with Kennedy in 1st televised debates(He looked sickly)Nixon – 49.5% Kennedy
49.7%Kennedy more electorial votes 303/219
Kennedy – 49.7%Nixon – 49.5%
New Frontier
Social programsMore money for educationHelp poor people get jobsHelp African Americans fight for civil rights
The Assassination…
November 22, 1963Dallas, TexasLee Harvey OswaldOswald killed by Jack Ruby
Kennedy’s Vice President:Lyndon Johnson
“Great Society”
W AR
ON
POVERTY
22 years in Congress
Head Start
Upward Bound -
Job Corps
VISTA - Volunteers in Service to America
Preschool education
Helped poor kids attend college
Training to young people who want work
HUD
Department of Housing and Urban Development
Helped fund public housing projects
Civil Rights Act of 1964Prohibited discrimination against African Americans in employment, voting, and public accommodations.
Medicare: helped pay for medical care for senior citizensMedicaid: helped poor people pay hospital bills and people with disabilities
Section 3
The Struggle Continues
Sit Ins: The act of protesting by sitting down
SNCC
tudent
onviolentoordination
ommittee
A group of African Americans and white CORE (Congress of Racial Equality) left D.C. bound for New Orleans called themselves…..
FREEDOM RIDERSInterstate buses- buses that crossed state lines
Robert Kennedy, U.S. attorney general ……Called for a “cooling off period”
“We have been cooling off for 350 years . If we cool off any more, we will be a deep freeze.”
James Meredith
1st African American to enroll at the University of Mississippi
Gov. George Wallace at the University of Alabama
The Children’s March happened in Birmingham, Alabama.
Dr. King and the SCLC chose B’ham for the desegregation protest. President Kennedy sent 3,000 troops to restore peace. He presented new legislation giving all Americans…..
Right to be served in public places Barring discrimination in employment
March on Washington, D.C. 200,000 people / Dr. King
President Johnson: Civil Rights Act of 1964 which ended segregation in….. restrooms, stores, restaurants, theaters, and hotels
Selma march to Montgomery in 1964 President Johnson signed the…..
Voting Rights Act of 1965
Malcolm X: a leader in the Nation of Islam (or Black Muslims), emerged as a new voice for African Americans.First belief – blacks should separate themselves from whites..Later believed – “A society in which there could exist white-black brotherhood.”
They brought tensions between African Americans/police…..frustrated with poverty and unemployment
Assassinated…
April 4, 1968
By… James Earl Ray
In… Memphis, TN
Group packet work for section 4
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