The Changing Nature of Work Section 8.4. Objectives At the end of this lesson, you should be able to: Identify 2 reasons why Ford raised worker wages.

The Changing Nature of Work

Section 8.4

ObjectivesAt the end of this lesson, you

should be able to:

• Identify 2 reasons why Ford raised worker wages

• Define and identify at least 4 “thrifty habits” and reasons why Ford pushed them

• Define Assembly Line and its pros and cons

• Define “Ford Whisper”

• Identify Frederick Taylor and define scientific management

Who was Frederick Taylor?• Wrote The Principles of

Scientific Management

• Encouraged Ergonomics– broke each operation down

to the quickest, most efficient method of performance and set standards

• Used cash incentives for workers to meet standards

• Adopted by auto industry

Big Question

• What is Tom Hanks trying to do?

• Why is he upset when he opens the package?

• Scientific Management/Assembly Line

Who was Henry Ford?• Industrialists car

manufacturer

• Inventor of the Assembly Line

• Saw workers as a consumer

– Doubled worker wages to $5 a day• $2 considered

good

What were Ford’s Thrifty Habits?• Attempted to shape their

behavior• “Thrifty Habits”

– Must learn English, take co advise, not gamble, drink, or engage in immoral behavior

• Ford called “traitor to his class”– Reduced hrs. from 48 (6

days a week) to 40 (5 days a week)

• Earned $264 thousand per day in 1922

• Allowed for low skilled or no skilled– Hired handicapped,

immigrants, ex-convicts

What is the Assembly Line?• Slow moving conveyer

belt process where individual workers performed 1 basic, simple task over and over– Ergonomic

• Designed to fit human body’s movement

• Worked at waist level

– Ford’s moved 6ft. Per minute

What was work like on the Assembly Line?

• Repetitive and boring

• Each worker responsible for tiny part of total job

• Worked at pace set by the assembly line

• Little skill/thought required

• Robot=Czech word

– Man who acts like a machine or vice versa

What was the Ford Whisper?• Workers forbidden

from leaning, sitting, squatting, singing, talking, whistling and smiling

• “Ford Whisper”

– communicated without moving their lips

Who was Frederick Taylor?• Wrote The Principles of

Scientific Management

• Encouraged Ergonomics– broke each operation down

to the quickest, most efficient method of performance and set standards

• Used cash incentives for workers to meet standards

• Adopted by auto industry

Conclusion

• Ford and Taylor’s new methods of production had a profound impact of business. Consider where their ideas are used today.

• WAWA, Genuardi’s, Business Offices, UPS, Federal Express, auto industry