THE CHAKRAS: A SCIENTIFIC APPROACH By ALLAN R. SUSOEFF, …Examples/A… · chakras systems, six-chakras systems, seven, nine, ten, fifteen, twenty-one, twenty-eight and more, depending

THE CHAKRAS: A SCIENTIFIC APPROACH

By

ALLAN R. SUSOEFF, JR.

A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of

MASTER OF METAPHYSICAL SCIENCE, M.MSC.

On behalf of

the Department of Graduate Studies of the University of Metaphysics

this thesis has been accepted by

Thesis Advisor

IMM President

July 24, 2017

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter 1: Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 1

Chapter 2: Review of Literature .................................................................................................................... 3

Definitions ................................................................................................................................................. 3

History and Background ............................................................................................................................ 6

Types of Meditation .................................................................................................................................. 7

The Mind - Body Connection .................................................................................................................... 8

The Energy - Body Connection ................................................................................................................ 11

Chapter 3: Discussion .................................................................................................................................. 17

Is it all in our Genes? ............................................................................................................................... 18

Brainwaves, High Beta, and Addiction .................................................................................................... 19

Breath IS Life ........................................................................................................................................... 21

Emotion and Intent ................................................................................................................................. 23

Tying it all Together ................................................................................................................................ 25

Conclusion ................................................................................................................................................... 30

Works Cited ................................................................................................................................................. 32

Chapter 1: Introduction

“The difference between science and faith is a measuring tape”. Although this statement in

1979 got me an hour of detention from Fr. Stout, my earth science teacher in my freshman year at

Bellarmine College Preparatory, it is a statement that has defined my life and I believe defines the

difference between mankind and all other forms of organic and inorganic life on this planet.

Always the question in our minds is “why”. It is the driving force for technology, medicine,

religion, and our civilization in general. When we find a limitation in our understanding and come to an

impasse, it is tempting to provide answers such as, “Because God made it that way”. This may be a fine

response on a certain level, but there are always deeper levels of understanding to be had if one wishes

to comprehend the greater truths of our existence.

My life in general, and this thesis in particular, aims to look at these deeper levels of

understanding through the lens of empirical science. Within the rigors of the scientific method we can

demystify the mystical, dispel ignorance, and bring that which is in the realm of faith into the realm of

fact.

Old habits die hard. Although Pythagoras, the Greek philosopher first proposed a spherical earth

around the 6th century BC, it was not until 330 BC that Aristotle was able to show empirically that the

earth was indeed a sphere. Many other scientists did experiments that showed a spherical earth over

the following centuries. Regardless of this evidence, flat earth theories persisted. It is said that in 1492

when Columbus discovered the Americas that it was proven that the earth was indeed spherical, but the

real proof came when Magellan circumnavigated the globe in 1519. From 330 BC to 1519 AD; it took

nearly 1900 years, but that which started in the world of religious faith, became science fact eventually.

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Regarding the Chakras, or psychic centers as he calls them, Dr. Leon Masters states, “The

knowledge that these psychic centers exist comes from the INTERNAL PSYCHIC vison of their existence

during meditation in expanded states of consciousness” (Master’s Degree Curriculum 1:1:4). While this

answer to the question, “What are the chakras” is perfectly acceptable if one only wants to understand

and accept at the faith level, as a scientist and engineer, I am compelled to look deeper. I believe the

information exists and some of the peer reviewed experimentation has been conducted to show

empirically that the present-day chakras system not only exists, but that these so-called chakras can be

used by us through the tool of meditation, to further our health, creativity, and prosperity and therefore

improve our lives, the lives of others and ultimately the overall balance and evolution of this planet we

call home.

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Chapter 2: Review of Literature

The history of the chakra system has its roots in the early Upanishads which were written

around the 7th or 8th century BCE. As with anything that old, these concepts have morphed and

evolved and the seven-chakra system currently accepted in western culture bears little resemblance to

some of the earlier versions. Because of this long history, we must first come to an agreement about

what a chakra is. In order to properly discuss the chakras from a scientific perspective it is paramount

to first give a definition of a chakra as well as understand at least the basic history and background of

the current chakra system.

Dr. Leon Masters points out that, “The main practice in mysticism is that of Meditation”,

(Minister’s/Bachelors Curriculum. 1:1), and there is no doubt of that truth from the tremendous body of

evidence showing that meditation is a healthy addition to any lifestyle. The question more specific to

this thesis however is which meditation is the right meditation to effect change in a person’s health,

fiscal prosperity, creativity, and general well-being, particularly as it relates to the chakras?

Definitions

What follows are a few definitions in order to have the reader and the author not necessarily

agree, but at least be on the same page for both ease of explanation and succinctness in presentation.

We will not delve into the philosophical argument of whether this chakra system is more or less correct

than any other system that one may choose to use or follow in terms of a belief system. What we are

interested in within the pages of this thesis is whether there is scientific evidence for the existence of

chakras and if so, what knowledge can we glean from that evidence in order to better our lives and the

lives of those around us. In the spirit of that, most of the definitions adopted in this text will be taken

from either Anodea Judith’s “Wheels of Life”, Charles Webster Leadbeater’s “The Chkaras: A

Monograph” or my own combination of the two.

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Chakra, चाक्र, is a Sanskrit word which literally means “wheel”. Anodea Judith reports that

“Chakras are organizing centers for the reception, assimilation and transmission of life energies” (4).

Leadbeater referred to them as the “wheel-like vortices which exist in the surface of the etheric double

of man” (5) Simply put, a chakra is an Energy Center.

In the system we are exploring there are seven chakras, each corresponding to a particular area

of the body, specific nerve ganglia, glands, organs and each governing a particular set of emotions, and

manifestations. I will mostly be referring to them by their corresponding area of the body. From the root

chakra, known in Tantric traditions as Muladhara, मलूाधार, which literally means “root” to the crown

chakra referred to as Sahasrara, सहस्रार, which means “thousand-spoked”.

Starting at the perineum, the first chakra or “root chakra” physically corresponds to the

coccygeal nerve plexus. It is the foundational chakra and is emotionally oriented toward survival and

spiritually to grounding. Here it will be called the perineum.

The second chakra is Svadhisthana, स्वधधष्ठान. Also known as the spleen chakra by

Leadbeater, it physically corresponds to the sexual organs, the sacral nerve plexus, the bladder and

kidneys and is located just below the navel. Emotionally, this chakra governs sexuality. In this text it

will typically be referred to as the sacral center or “sacral chakra”.

The third chakra governs the solar plexus ganglia of nerves, digestive systems, pancreas and

adrenal glands. It governs our will, our assertiveness and our power but is also the seat of

those “gut feelings” we get. Its Sanskrit name is Manipura, मधि प ूर, which means “navel”. Here it

will be referred to as the solar plexus, or gut chakra.

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The heart chakra is the fourth of the seven. It is the middle chakra and all below it are

considered the more physical chakras while those above it are considered to be more spiritual.

It’s Sanskrit name, Anahata, अनाहत, literally means unstruck, unbeaten, or unwounded. How

interesting that as humans our heart many times seems to be struck repeatedly by ourselves and others

and constantly in a state of feeling beaten and wounded. The cardiac nerve plexus, respiratory and

cardiac systems and thymus glands correspond to this chakra. Here it will be simply called the heart

chakra.

Moving up, we next come to the throat chakra, Vishuddha, धधशदु्ध, meaning very pure, clean,

virtuous, and cleansed. The laryngeal nerve plexus is physically responsible for this area and the thyroid

gland is perhaps its most important physical aspect. While this chakra’s function is communication, it is

not limited to communication just in the physical realm. As Anodea Judith points out, “psychologically”

and I add spiritually, “the fifth chakra opens us to higher wisdom, our guides and our own souls (263). In

this text it will be called the throat chakra.

Anja, आज्ञा, means “command” and will be called the third eye in this text. The medulla

plexus governs this area of the body. According to Wikipedia, “It is a part of the brain which can be

made more powerful through meditation, yoga & other spiritual practices just as a muscle is”. The pineal

gland is located in this area and governed by this plexus of nerves. Emotionally, this is where perception,

intuition and Self-realization occur.

Finally, the Sahasrara chakra, सहस्रार, is the “thousand spoked” seat of spirituality. It is our

connection to the Universe, Source, God or whatever you choose to call it. When one thinks of

the Universe in terms of quantum physics and sees that we are beings with infinite potentials living

in a universe with limitless potentials, it is easy to see how the ancients described this

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connection as a wheel with one thousand spokes. The pituitary gland is regulated through this chakra.

Here is will be simply called the crown chakra.

History and Background

Dr. Christopher Wallis, Ph.D. reports that the current seven chakra system is relatively young

compared to the many chakra systems which developed out of the Tantric Yoga, (more properly spelled,

Tantrick Yoga) traditions which flourished in and around India from about 600-1300 CE. There are five-

chakras systems, six-chakras systems, seven, nine, ten, fifteen, twenty-one, twenty-eight and more,

depending on which Sanskrit text one is studying.

According to Dr. Wallis, there are only a few areas of the physical body that correspond to all

charka systems and they relate to emotional and spiritual experiences; these are the lower belly, the

heart, and the crown of the head. He refers to the chakras as prescriptive, not descriptive; meaning,

“they tell what you ought to do to achieve a specific goal by mystical means”(Wallis, n.p.).

That being said, we should not simply discount this more recent version of the chakra system as

false simply because it is the youngest. Life is all about evolution and change and growth. Perhaps this

more recent version can be proven or disproven through the help of scientific method.

The seven-chakra system used in western yoga and referred to by Dr. Leon Masters in the Hatha

Yoga section of the Masters Curriculum comes from a Sanskrit text known as the Shat-chakra-nirūpana

or “Explanation of the Six Chakras” by Pūrnānanda Yati. It was written in 1526. It describes the chakras

both in terms of subtle energies and in terms of physical locations in the body. For example, using the

translation from Sanskrit of Sir John Woodroffe in The Serpent Power, we see in the first verse,

“In the space outside the Meru, placed on the left and the right, are the two Siras, Sasi and Mihira. The Nadi Susumna, whose substance is the threefold Gunas, is in the middle. She is the

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form of Moon, Sun, and Fire; Her body, a string of blooming Dhatura flowers, extends to the middle of the Kanda to the Head, and the Vajra inside Her extends, shining, from the Medhra to the Head.” (320)

Note the mention of Nadi. This can mean “pulse”, “vein”, “nerve” or any tubular organ of the

body. Susumna refers to an artery or vein of the body, in this case the one which carries “the form of

the Moon, Sun and Fire” which are all great sources of energy. On a more metaphysical level the

threefold Gunas (sattva, rajas, tamas) also refer to balance/harmony, activity/aggressiveness, and

inertia/passivity. Meru literally means “mountain”, but moreover refers to the vertebral column of the

human body. Sira refers to veins or lines which cross like veins. Mihira and Sasi are the Sun and the

moon. Here we see a text both metaphysical and physical; both technical and poetic. Could it be that

the author was able to bring together the esoteric knowledge of those who came before and match it to

our physical bodies?

Types of Meditation

Virtually all meditation practices involve some level of breath control and mindfulness. Whether

one recites a mantra, holds the body in a particular posture or simply concentrates one’s energy on an

area of the body, how one breathes is of paramount importance. To this end there are many ways to

accomplish the altered state of meditation. According to Tamera Lechner, an author and meditation

instructor with The Chopra Center, meditation falls into five basic categories; primordial sound

meditation, mindfulness-based stress reduction, Zen meditation, kundalini yoga, and transcendental

meditation.

Primordial Sound Meditation has its roots in ancient Vedic traditions. As a student of this

meditation one receives a mantra or vibration that according to the tradition was present at the time of

the meditators birth. This mantra is calculated through Vedic mathematic formulas and is then provided

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to the meditator who silently repeats the mantra in their meditation. The idea is that this mantra helps

the student to enter the inner silence of their mind within the meditation.

Zen meditation comes from Buddhist traditions and uses a combination of breathing techniques

and observation of one’s own mind, all accomplished through the interaction of an instructor to attain

an enlightened state.

Transcendental Meditation makes use of mantras for purposes of focus. There is still breathing

and awareness of the breath involved, but there seems to be a large degree of emphasis on the mantra

itself.

Mindfulness based Stress Reduction (MSBR) is a type of meditation started by Jon Kabat-Zinn in

1979. This meditation uses both breath awareness and body scan and is primarily used by medical

centers to help patients with relaxation. MBSR does not require the use of a mantra.

Kundalini Yoga Meditation uses breath, mantra, and mudra (which is hand position) as well as

focus. This type of meditation has both the largest depth and breadth of styles within it as it’s founder,

Yogi Bhajan created hundreds of very specific meditations and teachers who followed have added to the

discipline.

The meditation I will be discussing in this thesis will be a combination of Mindfulness-based

meditation and kundalini yoga meditation. I was first exposed to it through the work of Dr. Joe Dispenza

in his live seminars.

The Mind - Body Connection

All empirical evidence aside, we should first consider the Holy Books of antiquity which, though

they do not contain much in the way of hard science, still tell us that there is no separation between

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mind and body. After all, if one reads the New King James Version of the Holy Bible one will find that,

when a centurion asked Jesus to heal his servant, Jesus replied saying “Go your way and as you have

believed, so let it be done for you" (Matthew 8:13). A,C Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda, the

translator and editor of Bhagavad-Gita: As Is tells us, “The material body of the indestructible,

immeasurable and eternal living entity is sure to come to an end; therefore, fight, O descendent of

Bharata” (Bhagavad Gītā 2:18). Further, The Holy Qur’an states “But He fashioned him in due

proportion, and breathed into him something of His Spirit” (Al-Sajda, 32: 9). And finally, Buddha has

said, “We are what we think. All that we are arises with our thoughts. With our thoughts, we make the

world” (Byron, 3).

The concept that the mind and the body are in no way connected has been around since

Aristotle but in the 17th century, René Descartes, proposed a theory that “the human body may be

considered a machine so built and composed of bones, nerves, muscles, veins, blood and skin that even

if there were no mind in it, it would not cease to move in the way it does at present when it is not

moved under the direction of the will” (Descartes, 60). With that thought, the schism between body and

mind and indeed between eastern and western medicine was born. Conversely, Dr. Leon Masters points

out in the Minister’s/ Bachelor’s Degree Course Study Modules that “Your physical brain is merely a

vehicle that is used by your true mind, which is a field of energy” (1:8). In order to empirically show the

existence of the chakras, it seems a logical first step that one must show a connection between the mind

and the body. Thanks to advancements in neuroscience, quantum physics, epigenetics and the biological

science of signal transduction, we can now dispel the myth that the mind and the body are not

intimately connected.

Dr. Candace Pert, Ph.D. tells us in her 1997 book, Molecules of Emotion that, “Recent

technological innovations have allowed us to examine the molecular basis of the emotions, and to begin

to understand how the molecules of our emotions share intimate connections with, and are indeed

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inseparable from, our physiology. “ It is the emotions, I have come to see, that link mind and body” (19).

Her work with neurotransmitters, steroids and peptides originally paved the way to finding the “opiate

receptor” which is the part of the surface of cells within the brain’s limbic system that respond to

enkephalin, endorphin and dynorphin which are naturally created “feel good” drugs originating from the

pituitary gland and distributed throughout the body via the central nervous system. She and her

associates found that when a body is stressed or in pain, stress being an emotional stimulus while pain is

a physical stimulus, the pituitary gland secretes these chemicals which travel to receptors on the surface

of the cells of the brain and cause a chemical reaction at the cellular level which makes the pain and

stress abate, or at least decrease.

Dr. Bruce Lipton, Ph.D. in his book, The Biology of Belief found that, “Thought ‘energy’ can

activate or inhibit the cells function-producing proteins via the mechanics of constructive and

destructive interference" (95). What this means is that there seems to be an ingrained, perhaps even

genetic hierarchy at the cellular level which responds to our thoughts and beliefs. What we believe is

typically what we think; if we did not believe it then it would never enter our mind. Simply put, what we

think, is what we get. Enter the placebo effect. The placebo effect is the phenomenon wherein a patient

receives a false treatment, a placebo, however their belief is so strong in the treatment that they

recover anyway. This has been well documented starting in 1955 by anesthesiologist Henry K Beecher.

Beecher found that an average of 35.2% of patients responded to placebo. (Beecher 1606).

I do not plan to spend an inordinate amount of time discussing placebos but I want to further

point out what Dr. Joe Dispenza said regarding recent neurological research: “If a person keeps taking

the same substance, his or her brain keeps firing the same circuits in the same way-in effect, memorizing

what the substance does. The person can easily become conditioned to the effect of a particular pill or

injection from associating it with a familiar internal change from past experience. Because of this kind of

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conditioning, when the person then takes a placebo, the same hardwired circuits will fire as when he or

she took the drug. An associative memory elicits a subconscious program that makes a connection

between the pill or injection and the hormonal change in the body and in the program automatically to

make the related chemicals found in drug” (39).

The Energy - Body Connection

While it is important to establish a connection and relationship between the mind and body; it is

equally important for our discussion of the chakras and meditation to establish a connection between

energy fields and the body. In her book, The Subtle Body: An Encyclopedia of Your Energetic Anatomy,

Cyndi Dale describes two types of energy fields veritable which is that the can be measured and putative

or subtle which cannot be measured directly given the technology we have at this time. Perhaps before

we get into the energy – body connection we should discuss a bit about these energy fields.

Veritable energy fields are measurable and consist of electromagnetic energy and sound energy.

There are seven major types of electromagnetic radiation in each of them varying in frequency and

wavelength. The seven types that we are most familiar with are "radio waves, microwaves, infrared

waves, visible light, ultraviolet light, x-rays, and gamma rays. Radio waves are the lowest frequency and

have the longest wavelength while gamma rays have the highest frequency and shortest wavelength."

Sound energy also called sound waves are considered mechanical. Cyndi Dale states, “they are defined

as a disturbance that transports energy through a medium via the mechanic mechanism of particle

interaction, which means that sound waves are generated by some sort of interaction” (98).

Subtle energy fields are substantially more complex. Many have yet to be discovered although

there is some evidence as to their existence. “Every cell in the body and every thought generates a field.

Every energy body, Meridian, and chakra pulses its own field. In total, the field emanating from your

body alone would occupy more space-or empty space than your physical self. In many ways, you are

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your fields.” (99). Ms. Dale goes into detail that is unnecessary for purposes of this thesis but for sake of

general understanding, several of these fields will be briefly discussed.

Within, and around our bodies we have a plethora of subtle fields. The fields are not simply at

the surface or beyond, but permeate our being at a cellular and even sub atomic level. To say they

“permeate” us, is even less than accurate. We know from Newtonian and quantum physics that atoms

are really just energy slowed down in terms of vibration or frequency in such a way as to appear as

matter. It then logically follows that the atoms which our bodies are comprised of are merely energy, or

to look at it a different way, we are comprised of varying degrees of vibration and frequency. This

vibration exists in particular planes or fields, and many scientists and mystics hypothesize that the fields

are as vast and infinite as the universe itself.

The human energy field is the field we will be principally concerning ourselves with in this paper.

A few fields that we will not be discussing, but merit mention for sake of this paper are geofields which

are veritable and subtle earth energies such as the Schumann resonance, the universal light field also

called the “zero-point field” in quantum physics, and morphological field which allows psychic

communication between those of the same species and information exchange between generations.

“The human energy field is primarily composed of the aura, a set of energy bands that graduate in

frequency and color as they move outward from the body. Each of the auric fields opens to different

energy planes and energy bodies and also partners with a chakra, thus exchanging information between

the world outside and inside the body.” (99)

The human energy field can be further divided into layers. Barbara Ann Brennan, in Hands of

Light explains that within the auric field are 7 “layers” which constitute each of the seven chakras. “Each

layer of the aura is associated with a chakra… Thus there are specific locations within our energy system

for the sensations, emotions, thoughts, memories and other nonphysical experiences that we report to

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our doctors and therapists. Understanding how our physical symptoms are related to these locations

will help us understand the nature of different illnesses and also the nature of both health and disease.

Thus the study of the aura can be a bridge between traditional medicine and our psychological

concerns.” (43).

If the chakras exist within layers of the human energy field, and if humans are in fact dynamic

creatures, which is self-evident, then just because we cannot measure these energy fields directly does

not mean we cannot prove their existence by measuring them indirectly. This may seem like

pseudoscience to some but I would point out that there is a tremendous veritable energy that we know

exists, we harness its power on a daily basis, we have observed its effects since the dawn of time,

however we have never seen it. That energy is called “wind”. Wind, by definition, is the movement of

gases on a large scale. We never see the wind, we only see the effect the wind makes. We do not

measure the wind; we measure the change in position of particles moved by the wind, velocity, density

of gases involved and the energy exchange based on these properties. There is no reason why we

cannot measure the chakras and the related energy fields in the same fashion. And at least one scientist

already has.

Hiroshi Motoyama was a Japanese scientist and parapsychologist who did tremendous research

and experimentation in the realm of psychic phenomenon, acupuncture and Chi energy from Chinese

medicine, chakra energy from yogic traditions and the relationships of each of these systems to one

another. Motoyama reasoned that the subtle energies of psi phenomenon, chakra and nadi energies

and Chi should all effect measurable changes within the electromagnetic field (EMF) around a subject

employing them or around an object that subject may be concentrating his or her subtle energies on. In

order to measure such energy ejection from the chakras he constructed a machine which he simply

called the “Chakra Machine”. The following is a brief description of his apparatus.

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“This machine consists of an electrode box (placed inside a lead shielded room), somewhat resembling a telephone booth, with two copper electrodes on the top and bottom (floor and ceiling) and a sliding square panel with electrodes attached on all four sides (left-right, front- back) which is free to traverse up and down the frame structure so as to be positioned at any part of a person’s body. An electromagnetic field is set up between the electrodes, and as the subject stand inside the box without any electrode directly touching his body (30-40 cm from the body), any energy ejected from the body can be detected as a change in this electromagnetic field” (5-6).

Dr. Motoyama, placed the movable electrode sensors at various locations while his test subjects

concentrated on a particular area of the body which would correspond to a particular chakra in the

seven-chakra system. He noted changes in the electromagnetic field when the subjects were

concentrating on particular areas and when they were not. He also noted larger changes in the subjects

who professed the ability to concentrate on a particular chakra versus those who professed no ability

whatsoever to concentrate on said area.

At the very least this experiment proves that a person can change their electromagnetic field

simply by changing the way they think about a certain area of the body; concentrating on it or not

concentrated on it. This experiment alone does not provide conclusive evidence of the existence of

chakras, however, it does show that we can affect a change in our own bodies.

Dr. Motoyama did not stop with this experiment. He produced another machine he called The

Apparatus for Measuring the Functions of the Meridians and the Corresponding Internal Organs (AMI),

in order to measure Chi energy from the acupuncture system of Chinese medicine using points on “the

tips of the fingers and toes called ‘seiketsu’ points where meridians of acupuncture begin or end.” (9)

These points are thought to be the areas from which Chi energy flows in or out of the body and are

located at the end of the meridians. A description of the AMI is too complex for the scope of this thesis

however what is important is that in over 2000 test subjects Dr. Motoyama, was able to collect a

tremendous amount of data which showed from the sheer numbers involved when an internal organ

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such as the bladder, kidneys, lungs or heart is functioning normally, and from that information he was

able to extrapolate when the same organ functioned either below or above normal.

Dr. Motoyama found that a correlation existed between energy ejection from chakra points, and

energy activity in corresponding meridian points. He gives an example of a subject who was able to

activate his third eye chakra, which he recorded with the Chakra Machine and also showed high energy

on the AMI corresponding to the “Jo-tanden” meridian, which although it is the connecting point of the

urinary-bladder and small intestine meridians, (organs located in a completely different area of the

body), happens to be located in the same position on the body as the chakra.

Professor Valerie Hunt also did pioneering work on the study of chakras. “She found that when

the focus of a person's consciousness was anchored in the physical world, their energy field registered

the frequencies in the range of 250 cps (cycles per second). This is close to the body's own biological

frequency. Active psychics and healers, however, registered in a band between 400 and 800 cps. Trance

specialists and chanellers registered in a narrow field of 800-900 cps, but from 900 cps onwards Hunt

correlated what she termed 'mystical personalities' who had a firm sense of the cosmic interconnections

between everything. They were anchored in reality, possessed psychic and healing abilities, were able to

enter deep trance states, yet had transcended and unified the separate experiences through a mystic,

holistic, metaphysical philosophy" (Ozaniec, n.p.).

Finally, Dr. Konstantin Korotkov, a Professor of Physics at St. Petersburg State Technical

University in Russia, pulled all this research together. He has used the Gas Discharge Visualization

technique, which is a form of kirlian photography to show the human energy field, and combined it with

computer programs to not just prove the existence of energy centers within the body, but to quote

directly from his website give a “direct, real-time viewing of the human energy fields”. Building on the

technology discovered by Kirlian, He found that “specific structural-protein complexes within the mass

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of the skin provide channels of heightened electron conductivity, measurable at acupuncture points on

the skin surface” (14). Using this information, he developed a tool he calls the Bio-Well to essentially

take pictures of the electron discharge from the fingers. Since the finger tips correspond to certain

acupuncture points which further correspond to particular energy centers within the body he was able

to create a computer algorithm to build a graphic that shows the relative size, alignment and energy of

each center.

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Chapter 3: Discussion

In 1846, two decades before Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch did their ground breaking work on

the theories of bacteria, and four decades before germ theory was accepted, Ignaz Semmelweis, a

doctor of obstetrics in Vienna discovered that women treated by the doctors in his clinic had much

higher mortality rates than those who worked with the midwives in the same clinic. More perplexing

was the fact that the women who did not even go to his clinic but had their babies in the streets and

fields of Vienna suffered the lowest mortality rates. He noted that the doctors worked with cadavers as

well as pregnant women whereas the midwives still worked in the hospital alongside the doctors but did

not work specifically with the dead. Of course, the women who had their babies in the fields had no

contact with dead bodies whatsoever. On a hunch, he had his doctors and pathologists wash their hands

with a chlorine solution between working with the dead and working with the pregnant women.

Mortality rates fell from 1 in 10 to 1 in 100. Though he could not see, feel, or prove the existence of

pathogens, he had not only discovered them but figured out how to kill them and improve the lives of

the women who went to his clinic. Sadly, the medical establishment did not embrace his ideas. In fact,

they vitriolized him, ostracized him, and ultimately had him committed to an insane asylum where he

was beaten by the guards and died of some sort of infection a few weeks later.

As mentioned in the introduction, the purpose of this thesis is twofold. The first is to prove the

existence empirically that chakras, or energy centers, actually exist within our physical bodies. The

second and perhaps more important aspiration is to use such knowledge to enhance the meditative

experience so as to improve our lives and the lives of those around us. One can see from the body of

evidence presented in the chapter previous that substantial proof of energy centers of some sort does in

fact exist within our bodies. Although it is true that we cannot measure the energy centers directly with

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the current technology at hand, we can certainly show their effects and thereby show their existence.

Dr. Joe Dispenza is a champion in this regard.

Is It All in Our Genes?

After healing himself from a horrific spinal injury through meditation he began teaching others

how to do the same thing. From an mp3 called “Stop Self Imposed Limitations”, in his own words, Dr. Joe

says, “From that point, I think, is when the miracles started happening and we started seeing people

healing themselves of M.S., and lupus, and cancer, and diabetes, and rare genetic disorders, and

traumatic brain injuries, Parkinson’s disease, uterine fibroids, thyroid conditions, other endocrine

conditions. This started the journey for me because I was interested in beginning to measure some of

those changes and so we brought in a team of scientists and researchers and we teach these events and

workshops around the world and our interest is to measure transformation.”

In his book, You are the Placebo, Dr. Joe cites several peer reviewed studies that have been done

over recent years showing the health benefits of meditation not just from a stress reduction standpoint

but measuring what happens when stress is reduced using this medium on a epigenetic level. For

example, a study was done at the Benson – Henry Institute for Mind-Body Medicine at Massachusetts

General Hospital in Boston where they looked at two groups; those who were experienced meditators

and those who were novices and had to be taught to meditate.

“At the end of the study period, the novices showed a change in 1561 genes (874 up regulated

for health and 687 down regulated for stress), as well as reduced blood pressure and reduced heart and

respiration rates, while the experienced practitioners expressed 2,209 new genes. Most of the genetic

changes involved improving the body’s response to chronic psychological stress” (101).

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In the late 70s and early 80s, I was taught in high school that our genes as part of our DNA were

100% set at the time of conception. Basically we were born with a particular “kit” of DNA comprised of a

particular set of genes and that was all we got. This study clearly shows that thinking to be false and

that meditation affects a physical change in the body. That being said, if we can change our genes then

can or will the change can be permanent? It would seem that if we can change our DNA by thought

alone then we ought to be a lot more limitless than we appear to be; after all we have thousands and

thousands of thoughts every day, surely some of them should cause changes.

The truth is, we are the sum total of all of our experiences. Said another way, we are the sum

total of everything that has happened in our past. Each experience we have, neurologically wires the

brain. This is not necessarily a good or bad thing, it is simply how we learn. The concept is called

neuroplasticity. Anybody who has ever watched a baby play with a puzzle toy and “get it” can see this in

action. Once an experience rewires the neurons in our brain that event changes our emotions which in

turn changes the chemistry in our body according to the information provided by Dr. Candace Pert.

Once all that chemistry is released into our body it can cause us to experience yet another emotion

which causes the brain to rewire yet again and this cycle continues back and forth until the experience

results in a mood and then as it is “played” over and over in our lives, that mood becomes a

temperament and as the years pass it becomes a personality trait. When the personality trait is one that

works for us we call it a lifestyle; when it’s one that no longer works for us we call it an addiction.

Brainwaves, High Beta, and Addiction

When the neurons in our brains fire, electromagnetic fields at various frequencies are created.

These frequencies are what are measured during a brain scan like an electroencephalograph, (EEG). The

brain waves fall into five categories. Beta is the category that represents our waking conscious state.

Alpha is a more relaxed state. This is a state where we are able to focus and still relax. Think of it as the

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place where we are “chilled out and having fun”. We are more creative in this state; more suggestable.

Theta is described by Dr. Joe as our “half awake and half-asleep” (Placebo, 153) state; it is where we are

most suggestable and the place we are aiming for when we are meditating. Beyond theta is delta which

is deep sleep and lastly is gamma which is a brainwave pattern that represents a level of super

awareness; a heightened state of consciousness.

Within the beta state, our typical waking state, there are varying degrees of frequency. When

we are relaxed and still awake it is called low-range beta and our brain has a frequency of 13 to 15 Hz.

Mid-range beta is between 16 and 22 Hz and this is produced during times where we are focused like

when we are learning something. High-range beta is from 22 to 50 Hz. These patterns are seen during

stressful situations when our survival instincts kick in. One would think that a high range beta is a rare

occurrence but the truth is that for the average American high-range beta has become the norm.

In the ancient past, we may have been being chased by a sabre-tooth tiger who was about to

make us lunch. Obviously, that is not time to learn something new in low beta nor is it the time to get

into the state of alpha or theta and be suggestible. That is time to figure out one of two scenarios; fight

or flee. As our brain kicks in to this level it releases the various hormones necessary in order for our

body to deal with whatever the stressful stimulus is in front of us. We don’t have sabre-tooth tigers any

longer. But we do have bosses. And bill’s. And mortgages. And mothers-in-law. And college funds for

the kids. Here in the United States, we are known to be the highest stress society in the world.

The two chief chemicals being produced when we are in a high beta state are Adrenaline and

Cortisol. Both are necessary chemicals to address survival in a kill or be killed mode, such as the saber-

toothed tiger example. Adrenaline increases blood circulation, carbohydrate consumption and increases

heart rate. Cortisol increases glucose in the bloodstream. As these hormones are released they cause

physiological changes in our body such as eyes dilating, muscles tensing as well as the increase in blood

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pressure and heart and respiratory rate mentioned earlier. They also cause us to feel frustrated, or

angry, or stressed, or helpless, or hopeless. After years of this sort of conditioning we become tolerant

to living at a higher beta level. So much so that the receptors on our cells actually increase to make up

for the overabundance of chemicals such as adrenaline running through our system. As Dr. Pert points

out, “Emotions and bodily sensations are thus intricately intertwined, in a bidirectional network in which

each can alter the other. Usually this process takes place at an unconscious level, but it can also surface

into consciousness under certain conditions, or be brought into consciousness by intention” (142).

This is the crux of addiction. We put ourselves in situations that cause us to be in high beta. The

high beta causes us to feel certain emotions. We become addicted to our emotions because we feel

them more and more often. Because we feel them more and more often our cells create more receptors

to handle the overload of chemicals being released into our body by the various glands. This sets up the

situation where we crave the emotion in order to release the chemical in order to feed the receptors,

which creates more receptors, so we need to have more of the same thoughts in order to get more of

the same feelings to produce more of the chemicals and so on. How do we stop this downward spiral?

Well, the answer is simple, and it’s one you probably heard from your mom or your grandmother: Take a

deep breath.

Breath IS Life

We can quote the Christian’s Holy Bible: “Then the Lord God formed the man from the dust of

the ground. He breathed the breath of life into the man’s nostrils, and the man became a living person”

(Genesis 2:7 NLT). We can quote the Muslim’s Holy Qur’an: "When I have fashioned him (in due

proportion) and breathed into him of My spirit, fall ye down in obeisance unto him" (Súra Sád 38:72).

We can quote the Tao Te Ching: “Can you control your breath. Gently. Like a baby?” (37). We can quote

Buddhist traditions from the Theragatha: “One who has gradually practiced, Developed and brought to

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perfection Mindfulness of the in-and-out breath As taught by the Enlightened One, Illuminates the

entire world Like the moon when freed from clouds” (119). Regardless of which religious belief system

one subscribes to, it seems apparent that breath equates with life, breath comes from Source and

breath must be breathed effectively in order to flourish. Meditation is a tool for just that purpose.

Blaise Pascal said in his 1669 book, Pensées, “I have discovered that all the unhappiness of men

arises from one single fact, that they cannot stay quietly in their own chamber” (55). This thought still

hold true today. In terms of advertising alone, Caitlin Johnson, a writer for a CBS website reports that

Americans are hounded with as many as 5000 bids for our attention each day (Johnson, n.p.). That

does not include our responsibilities to our kids, and our spouses, and our bosses and our employees. It

also does not add in the small irritations and frustrations of life such as traffic and lines and taxes and

politics. Finally, there are physical realities that also serve to keep us in high beta such as fast food and

allergy season and medical conditions and the neighbor’s dog that finds our lawn the best place in town

to relieve itself. We are constantly bombarded with stimuli, perhaps more than any generation before

us. Saber toothed tiger? Heck, our ancestors had it easy. The need for mindful thought, for quiet

breathing, and for meditation is more important now than it ever has been. The simple truth however, is

that we are all very busy people. So, how can we breathe and meditate and be mindful in the most

effective way possible? How can we get the most “bang for our buck”?

According to Dr. Candace Pert, “there is a wealth of data showing that changes in the rate and

depth of breathing produce changes in the quantity and kind of peptides that are released from the

brainstem” (186). The old computer saying, “garbage in, garbage out” applies here. When we are

breathing deeply and naturally in a relaxed and mindful way, we are at peace physically and thus our

bodies create the peptides, neurotransmitters and hormones of peace, quiet, joy and love. Conversely,

when we are stressed; when we are in high beta and our survival instincts are kicked on, we are in

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survival mode physically and so our body will produce all the peptides, neurotransmitters and hormones

associated with survival.

This thesis asserts that the answer is a two pronged form of meditation which like most all forms

of meditation, involves mindfulness and breathing, but also adds two very important elements: emotion

and intent.

Emotion and Intent

Dr. Candace Pert has shown us through rigorous experimentation that “consciousness creates

reality, mind becomes matter, our thoughts proceed our physical bodies, not vice versa” (250). Let’s

look at this a bit more deeply.

You wake up late one morning because you did not sleep well the night before. A bit irritated

with yourself, you rush through a shower and a shave just in time to hit the gridlock on the freeway. It is

a familiar feeling, seems you are always running late. You were already behind so you just grabbed a

Starbucks on the way in, but so did everybody else which made you even more late. The familiar rush of

irritation flows through you. The idiot in front of you is texting while driving and suddenly you have to

slam the brakes on to avoid hitting him. You utter a few superlatives regarding his intellect. The coffee

spills on your pants and the day, which has barely even started goes downhill fast. Not unexpected.

Pretty much a Monday after all. The boss is more of a jerk than normal. You begin to really get

frustrated. The guy really makes your blood boil. You try to go to lunch with a friend but the food is late,

the waitress is a pain, and all your friend can talk about is their weekend stuck with the monster-in-law.

You wonder off hand, not really even listening to their babble, why you even hang out with them. Now

you are beginning to seethe. There is a wreck on the freeway right where the construction zone is at,

further snarling the traffic and so you arrive home late, hot, and armed for bear. Your wife says hello

and you bark at her. You have adrenaline and cortisol pushing through your veins like it is going to

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explode out of you. Thing is, you really are not that pissed. In fact, this is normal. Why? Because it

happens every single day like this and not only have your cells, tissues and organs adjusted to meet the

onslaught of chemicals, they actually have come to expect it. What would be weird is if you had a GOOD

day.

This is an example of feelings and emotions being both the end product of the experience and

the experience being what is dictated by the feelings and emotions in one’s life. How in the world can

you experience anything different when you have so programmed your body that the feelings and

emotions arrive at the same time or even before the event? You expected all this to happen. Traffic on

the freeway is a reality for you. So is a boss who is a jerk. You have become so addicted to the feelings

and emotions as produced by the adrenaline and cortisol that you really have no way to feel differently.

If that’s true, then it follows that you have no way to change your physical reality either.

The problem with this line thinking is that it simply isn’t true. The reality I have described in the

previous paragraph is not reality; unless one chooses for it to be their reality. Whether a stimulus causes

us peace or causes us stress is simply the way we react and respond to it. We react and respond in ways

that have been hardwired into the neurons within our brains; that is, to feel certain emotions and to

release certain chemicals at certain times based on certain stimuli. Since we are seemingly in charge of

our thoughts then there is no reason why we cannot react in a different way and thus reengineer these

neural pathways in our brain, causing different chemicals to be released and perhaps instead of

particular stimuli causing us pain, it might cause us joy. Instead of stress perhaps we could achieve

peace.

Dr. Joe Dispenza asks the question in You are the Placebo; “feelings and emotions are normally

the end products of experiences, but can you can combine a clear intention with an emotion that begins

to give the body a sampling of the future experience before it’s been even manifest?” (105). Ever had a

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dream that you wondered when you woke up if it actually happened or not? Most of us have had this

experience. The way our brains are designed, a thought in our brain is no different than an exterior

experience that has occurred for us. Each thought, experience or stimulus is processed based on every

other past event in our lives and every other past stimulus up to that point.

And if you think about it, things that occur may or may not be the way that we perceive them

anyway. Just because you were standing on one corner of the street viewing an accident, for example,

does not mean that you will have the same story as the driver who was hit or the driver who did the

hitting or any other passerby who saw the accident. Each will have a different experience, based on

where they were standing, what they happen to be feeling at the time, and truly, their entire life’s

history up to the point of that accident. All different experiences but all the experiences are true.

So, what if you decided to have an intention about something and attached an emotional quality

to that something without the event actually having occurred in your life? Could you change your brain,

your body, your health, or your prosperity? Could you do it by thought alone?

Tying it all Together

It is absolutely within our power to create something from nothing, to manifest results from thin

air. We Are “co-creators” with God. According to Saint Luke in the New Testament, this is what Jesus

was teaching his disciples: “And he called the twelve together and gave them power and authority over

all demons and to cure diseases, and he sent them out to preach the kingdom of God and to heal” (Luke,

9:1-2 ASV).

The “trick” to meditation, if there is one, is to become completely in touch with one’s body from

the perspective of one’s spirit, while at the same time letting go of the chatter in one’s mind; in other

words, one must become the observer of oneself. This is the core of this type of healing meditation.

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When I say, “in touch with one’s body”, I do not mean in touch with the fidgeting, fiddling, picking,

scratching, non-thinking, constant movement and attention to it, rather the complete opposite. In

meditation, we “go within”, or what this author likes to call “drop” within our own physical-ness and

embrace it in a mindful way. Without judgement, without movement, and really, the goal is to do it

without thought. This is where we are most suggestive. This is an Alpha and Theta brain state. This is

where the energy centers; the chakras come into play. And this is where the “magic” happens.

As we drop into our meditation, using our breath to first relax and become centered and then

using it to move energy throughout our bodies we can concentrate on each energy center or on a

particular energy center to achieve a desired result, based on a particular intent. There are reference

guides available to help in locating an emotional or spiritual imbalance by looking at a particular malady

or imbalance in an area of the body. Louise Hay’s Heal Your Body is one such reference guide. Allow me

to give an example from my own life to illustrate how I and others I know are using meditation in the

way I will describe in this thesis to heal our bodies and manifest those things we desire in our lives.

In October of 2015, I was diagnosed with Hashimoto’s Disease. This is a syndrome wherein the

thyroid basically dies and in order for the body to continue to work properly, doctors prescribe a thyroid

replacement drug which the patient is expected to take for the rest of their life. Prior to this diagnosis, I

had been diagnosed with high blood pressure and high cholesterol. I was on two drugs for the BP and

another pharmaceutical for the cholesterol. In addition to this I had been on a once a day Omeprazole

(Prilosec) for acid reflux for about 10 years.

Curious as to the mental and spiritual roots of such issues I went to Louise Hay’s book and paged

through it. “Gastritis: Prolonged uncertainty. A feeling of doom” (36). “Cholesterol: Clogging the

channels of joy. Fear of accepting joy” (24). “High Blood Pressure: Longstanding emotional problem not

solved” (19). “Thyroid: I never get to do what I want to do. When is it going to be my turn” (69). Here we

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see a picture of exactly who I was, a man who had been in an unrewarding career for many years, a bad

marriage and had all but given up and come to the point called, “this is the best it gets”. Basically, a

typical American. Over worked, under joyed and feeling stuck in it all.

I had recently come across the work of Dr. Joe Dispenza and thought to give it a try for the next

few months. Each morning I dropped into deep meditation for about 45 minutes to an hour and a half.

Having recently learned that Melatonin, the natural brain chemical which helps with sleep and therefore

our theta brain state, is at its highest concentrations between 2am and 4 am, I rose at 4am to start my

meditation. I dropped into meditation by breathing deeply and listening to soft music. Then I raised my

energy by starting at the first energy center and squeezing the muscles corresponding to that center,

followed by the second center and then the third. I did this to physically push the cerebral spinal fluid up

the spinal column. Since this fluid carries the charged molecules that cause electro-chemical changes in

the neurons at a cellular level, it acts as a current, thereby creating an electromagnetic field (EMF)

sometimes called electromagnetic flux within my body. Also, this action spiritually pushes subtle energy

up the prana tube, again, for the purpose of moving energy through my body. I furthered the work by

breathing as if sucking air into my lungs like sucking the energy through a straw, up and out. As I did this

I visualized the energy creating a torus shape of movement throughout my body starting at the

perineum and pushing through the crown chakra and then out and down to recycle and increase

through me. The energy built as I was doing so.

After a bit of time, dictated by the music I was listening to, I stopped this activity, began again to

breathe deeply and slowly and became very heart centered. To define heart centered, think of it as

“falling in love with oneself”. From there it was easy to drift into “nothing” and become as Dr. Joe calls it

in his seminars, “nobody, at no time, nowhere”. Once that is achieved, I would find myself in a place of

infinite potential. I simply picked the potential called “perfectly healthy, thyroid working just fine” and

embraced it. Truly, I fell in love with it. I made that potential mine in my body; but more importantly in

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my heart. I sat in awe and wonder at what my life looked like with this scenario taking place. All the

things I would do, feel, see, hear and touch. All the fun and joy in my life just from the simple event of

being healthy with a perfectly working thyroid.

There were other intentions attached with other emotions as well. A whole new life. I had

recently gotten a divorce and wanted a partner that empowered me rather than one who would hold

me back from my dreams and aspirations. I wanted time and money to travel. Even things as simple as

having a glass of fine wine from time to time or watching sunsets on the beach. All of these intentions

and the related emotions came up as potentials and were embraced. I experienced them. I fell in love

with them. And I released them back into the quantum field, knowing that they had already occurred in

my life.

When I came out of meditation I was pretty sure I had accomplished what I needed to do as I

was a sweaty, crying, slobbery mess. Most importantly, I felt a profound sense of gratitude. According to

Dr Joe Dispenza, “Gratitude is one of the most powerful emotions for increasing your level of

suggestibility. It teaches your body emotionally that the event you’re grateful for has already happened,

because we usually give thanks after a desirable event has occurred” (Placebo, 135). This was my sign.

From that point, I had the knowing that all was fine and that I was healed. That being said, I took no

chances. I did this same meditation for the better part of 4 months from about the beginning of

November through early March 2016. I combined a strong intention with very strong emotions, and I did

it daily to change old habits.

In early April that same year, I saw the endocrinologist again and had another ultrasound of

my thyroid. The results were, according to her, a “medical impossibility”. My thyroid had decreased in

size by 11 percent, and was showing tissue growth where holes had existed six months earlier. The

blood work came back showing a working thyroid as well.

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Since that time, I have done more work specific to my blood pressure and as of the date of this

thesis, I am off all medications. My thyroid is working. My blood pressure is lower than it was with two

different blood pressure medications and after ten years I have found that I no longer need omeprazole

as my acid reflux has completely vanished. Also, I have partnered with a woman in a relationship that I

never dreamed possible prior to this work. I travel. I enjoy fine wines and have had many trips to several

places where I can watch a sunset while walking on the beach.

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Conclusion

Effective living is all about tools and tactics. A screwdriver is a tool. So is an impact driver. Both

will get the screw into the wood, but one does the job with a lot less work. Tools are important.

Likewise, the screwdriver in the hands of a five-year-old will not likely render the same result that it

would in the hands of a seasoned carpenter. The carpenter, through his experience, has learned more

tactics. Tactics are equally as important.

St James, the brother of Jesus exhorts us in his New Testament epistle from The Jerusalem Bible,

“What good is it dear brothers and sisters, if you say you have faith but don’t show it by your actions?

Can that kind of faith save anyone”? (James 2:14, JB). Throughout history we have seen the separation

of faith and science. That chasm grew deeper and wider during the so called “Age of Reason”, as

scientists, politicians and church officials vied for control of the minds and souls of the people they were

supposed to be serving. Perhaps the social political and religious model of control was necessary for the

times. Those times have changed.

With the worldwide spread of tools such as the internet, a new model is emerging. This model is

one of cooperation, not of control. We are finding that the origins of life on this planet were not really

random as Darwin and others postulated. We are learning that the relationship between our body, our

mind, our spirit and even our world is deeply and intricately connected and requires a more cooperative

model. Science is now beginning to back these ideas. More and more we are seeing that a model

comprised of competition and conflict will only serve to disrupt the natural cycles and flow of the planet

and eventually annihilate us as a species on it.

The ancient practice of meditation has always been helpful to untold generations of people.

Today, in our fast paced, high stress, every changing world we need it more than ever. However,

meditation does not need to be just a means of escaping reality for a few minutes per day simply to

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relax and unwind. Meditation is a powerful tool that when wielded correctly can produce a tremendous

change in the lives of its users. I have personally met a woman from Texas who has cured herself from

Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL). Although we have never met face to face, I have spoken several

times with another woman from British Columbia who has come back from stage four ovarian cancer.

She said that since she was so weak and really could do nothing else, she stayed in deep meditation for

up to 12 hours per day! I have seen objects made manifest out of thin air. I myself am living proof of

this change. Perhaps it is as the French novelist, Jean-Baptiste Alphonse Karr stated, “the more things

change, the more they stay the same”. Sure, we still use this ancient tool, but now, with the new tactics

being developed we can use it to better the quality of our lives, and the lives of others.

Finally, we in the world of Metaphysics know that nothing we accomplish comes directly from us

but rather through us from Source. With that thought in mind, I end this thesis with the following quote

from the Holy Bible. “Thank you for making me so wonderfully complex! Your workmanship is

marvelous--how well I know it” (Psalm 139:14 NLT).

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