The Carbon Footpr int
Jan 15, 2016
The Carbon
Footprint
Paul CondranEquipment Maintenance/Fleet
ManagerCity of Culver City
Paul CondranEquipment Maintenance/Fleet
ManagerCity of Culver City
What is Carbon Footprint?
What must you do to Reduce it?
“Innovation Doesn’t Really Matter, Unless it Does Something That
Does Matter”
2
To Carb or Not?To Carb or Not?
carbon footprint is ~
1. A measure of the impact our activities have on the environment 2. It correlates directly to and in particular to climate change 3. It relates to the amount of greenhouse gases produced in our day- to-day living4. Primarily through the burning of fossil fuels and electricity 5. Carbon footprint is a measurement of all greenhouse gases we produce and is measured in units of tons (or kg) of carbon dioxide equivalents
What is Carbon Footprint?
To Carb or Not?To Carb or Not?
1. When calculating GHG for fleets (i.e. emissions related to fuel), CO2 carries the largest percentage of these gases, which is likely why
GHG emissions are also equated to the term “carbon footprint.”
2. References to “carbon footprint” essentially mean the amount and manner of all GHGs that are generated by an individual, a business, a government entity, a location, a process, etc. = “The Total Footprint”
3. The emissions of carbon are directly proportional to energy consumption. When a value for GHG is used, it means the total of all of these gases for any given operation calculated together
4. GHG also includes ozone, but is not actually generated through energy use as the others are; instead, ozone is a by-product of the other noted gases chemically interacting with sunlight in the atmosphere, so it isn’t “calculated” as a GHG when looking at direct emissions from energy consumption, at least not in our industry.
VideoVideo
A Carbenism….
So, what is Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions, Exactly?
Not, Particulate Matter (PM)
Not, Nitrogen Oxides - Nox - Now, you’re surprised!
– Surprised?
These are “hard” pollutants – you can see them, These are “hard” pollutants – you can see them, smell them, and feel them in the air, especiallysmell them, and feel them in the air, especially
when certain atmospheric conditions are presentwhen certain atmospheric conditions are present
Wait, We’re Not Carb’en Yet!!
GHG (greenhouse gases) is the collective term used for the following elements:
•CO2 (carbon dioxide)
•N2O (nitrous oxide)
•CH4 (complex, multi-mixed methane)
• HFCs (hydrofluorocarbons)
• CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons)
Almost Carb’en….Almost Carb’en….
Interesting Facts!!CO2 emissions from a gallon of gasoline = 19.4 pounds/gallon
CO2 emissions from a gallon of diesel = 22.2 pounds/gallon
CO2 emissions from a gallon of natural gas (GGE) = .0061 pounds/GGE
CO2 emissions from electricity emit 1.297lbs per kWh CO2 emissions from a gallon of propane (LPG) = 2.61 lbs
Get’en to Carb’enGet’en to Carb’en
What Do You Do To De-Carb?What Do You Do To De-Carb?
1. Select a fuel source with the greatest advantage
2. Cost effective for your operation
3. Technology is available
4. Grant money available to help you
5. Create synergies
6. Develop partners to assist you (The OEM’s)
7. Know and calculate your emissions data beforehand to realize the greatest cost benefit
Let’s Reduce Your Carbon HabitLet’s Reduce Your Carbon Habit
So, what can you do?
What are the next steps?
How can you make a difference?
To Carb or Not?To Carb or Not?
YearDiesel Gallons
Consumed CO2 in m.t.
2001 501,358 2,896 2,896 2,896 2,896 2,896 2,896 2,896 2,896 2,896 2,896 Baseline
2002 2,672 2,672
2003 2,447 2,447
2004 2,223 2,223
2005 1,998 1,998
2006 1,774 1,774
2007 1,549 1,549
2008 1,325 1,325
2009 1,100 1,100
2010 80,265 776 776
224 449 673 898 1,122 1,347 1,571 1,796 2,020 10,100
1st yr 2nd yr 3rd yr 4th yr 5th yr 6th yr 7th yr 8th yr 9th yr
Total CO2 reduction over 9
years
Emission Calculation Worksheet
Emission Factor:
NOX X
PM10
ROG
Old Engine New Engine
Application Application
g/bhp-hr g/bhp-hr
miles/yr miles/yr
4conversion factor 4
conversion factor
907,200 g/ton 907,200 g/ton
00.0% tons/yr/vehicle 0.00000 tons/yr/vehicle
# vehicles in project # vehicles in project
engine life - yrs engine life - yrs
00.0% total tons project life 00.0% total tons project life
Emission
Reduction:
0.000
tons for total project life
Old Engine FD-1060 Diesel New Engine Cummins C8.3L
Application On-road Dump Truck ApplicationOn-road Dump
Truck
10.7 g/bhp-hr 1.2 g/bhp-hr
4000 miles/yr 4000 miles/yr
4 conversion factor 4 conversion factor
907,200 g/ton 907,200 g/ton
0.18871 tons/yr/vehicle 0.02116 tons/yr/vehicle
3 # vehicles in project 3 # vehicles in project
12 engine life - yrs 12 engine life - yrs
6.79 total tons project life 0.76 total tons project life
Emission
Reduction:
6.032
tons for total project
life
We’re Gett’en to Carb’en…
Calif. Air Resources BoardCalif. Air Resources Board
CARB
Executive
OrderExample
Try to Carb This!Try to Carb This!
Diesel Emissions (yes even clean diesel)
Diesel carbon content per
gallon: .0107 mt
= Winner!!
Gasoline carbon content per gallon: .0093 mt Second Place!!
Propane carbon content per-gallon is .0061 mt of
Natural Gas carbon content per gallon is .00007 mt.
http://www.epa.gov/oms/climate/420f05001.htm
The Carbon FootprintThe Carbon Footprint
Maximum Carb’en Maximum Carb’en
The Carb’enism The Carb’enism
Through legislation, some countries are going to impose an additional car tax, as early as 2012, through the annual registration based on the engine's CO2 emissions. The higher, the more you pay, the lower the less you pay. Ireland SpainEngland EgyptAustraliaGreeceSwedenBrussels $ $ $ $
To Carb or not to Carb?To Carb or not to Carb?
The Carbon FootprintThe Carbon Footprint
The Carb’enism The Carb’enism
Myths
#1 Carbon Dioxide= Bad
Myth #2
Carbon Monoxide is Not Carbon Dioxide
Back to the Carb (or not) Back to the Carb (or not)
The Carbon-Free Nation?The Carbon-Free Nation?
What is the Carbon Footprint Standard?
• Unified and independent
• Recognizes all stages of carbon management - from assessment, to carbon reductions and carbon neutrality
• Applicable to organizations / businesses
• Applicable to products / services
• Aligned with international best practice / standards such as ISO14064, Publicly Available Specification 2050 (PAS2050) and Publicly Available Specification 2060 (PAS2060)
The Carbon-Free Nation?The Carbon-Free Nation?
Why do you need the Carbon Footprint Standard
• Demonstrate your environmental credentials
• Enhance your company reputation
• Meet increasing supply-chain materials needs
• Achieve positive PR and create marketing opportunities
• Motivate your employees
• Engage with your customers and stakeholders
• Calculate your carbon offsets and document your validations
Carbon; “Check Out”Carbon; “Check Out”
CNG - Compressed Natural Gas
• Clean, abundant & 100% domestic• Can be renewable• Vehicles and engines available, safe• Fueling available, not uncommon and the infrastructure is already in-place• Public stations are everywhere
Carbon; “Check Out”Carbon; “Check Out”
Liquid Propane Gas
LPG
• Fossil fuel, cleaner/cheaper than gas/diesel• Domestic & Abundant • Stations are everywhere• Vehicles and engines available• Good inexpensive technology• Not as clean as natural gas
Carbon; “Check Out”Carbon; “Check Out”
Hybrids & Plug-in Hybrids
• Two or more power sources for propulsion• HEV = Hybrid Electric Vehicle• PHEV = Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle• Series, Parallel, Hydraulic, HFCV• Almost any fuel can be used for the engine• All electric mode• Increase MPG• Increase range
Carbon; “Check Out”Carbon; “Check Out”
• Electric cars are here• BEV – battery electric vehicle• NEV – neighborhood electric vehicle• MSEV – medium speed electric vehicle• Batteries
EV
Carbon; “Check Out”Carbon; “Check Out”
• H2 = battery
• Made from any feedstock
• FCEV = Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle
• Several manufacturer projects
• Future?
• Expensive
Hydrogen
H
Let’s Reduce Your Carbon HabitLet’s Reduce Your Carbon HabitWhat You Can Do
What You Can Do
• Very important to be a collaborative thinker
• Openly listen to the ideas of others & be flexible
• Become brilliant (but it’s perfectly fine to make mistakes)
• Once you commit to an alternative fuel, do it at 100% and become the best at using, developing & applying the technologies
• We don’t recommend taking a cafeteria approach to alternative fuels; it’s very hard to effectively manage and too costly
• Some alternative fuels will force you into a “hostage situation” (for the delivery/availability of the fuel) - This must be avoided
• Meet with and listen to the advice of the experts & suppliers
• Develop vehicle specifications around the technology. Don’t fit the technology to existing equipment
Recycling Products• Used Oil• Used Oil & Fuel Filters – Use of lifetime oil filters• Batteries (All types)• Replace Light Bulbs/Fixtures to low emitting (including fluorescents) • Anti-Freeze• Tires (Incorporate a major recap/re-groove program)• Various kinds of paper• Scrap Metal• Aluminum cans & plastic bottles (Use for an “employee fund”)
Shop Supplies• Recycled Products & Best Business Practices• Go Digital – Paperless processes. Store and read files from your PC with no need to print them
Carbon Reduction Opportunities
Let’s Reduce Your Carbon HabitLet’s Reduce Your Carbon Habit• Become LEED Certified (Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design)
• Close loop operation - Facilities
• Zero Waste Operation
• Lighting, HVAC and facility maintenance control systems
• Solar electricity in your facilities
• Use of on-property wind technology to create/harness electricity
• Require deliveries and products purchased within city limits
Culver City’s Carbon Cutting CrazeCulver City’s Carbon Cutting Craze• We dispense close to one million gallons of natural gas each year (GGE’s)
• We have reduced and/or eliminated 63,000lbs of PM
• We have reduced and/or eliminated 91,000 lbs of Nox
• We have reduced our CO2 footprint by 2,120 mt.
• We have lowered our carbon footprint by over 2,000 mt.
• Own and operate a three compressor CNG station
• 85% of our heavy & medium fleet use CNG, 25% of L/D fleet use CNG
• Fleet utilization policy incorporates an alternative fuel
replacement approach and speaks to CO2 reduction
• Mandatory recycling (all products), lighting controls and “Green” purchasing policies
Back to Carb’enBack to Carb’en
www.epa.gov/oms/climate/420f05001.htm
Helpful Websites to Calculate your Carbon Emission Reductions
www.caleemod.com
www.business.edf.org/projects/fleet-vehicles/fleet-greenhouse-gas-emissions-calculator
www.carbonfund.org
You Can De-Carbon Your OperationYou Can De-Carbon Your Operation
YES!!
The Carbon FootprintThe Carbon Footprint
Thank You!!!! Paul Condran
Equipment Maintenance/Fleet ManagerCity of Culver [email protected]
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