THE BRITISH LIBRARY Open Access Institutional Repositories – Leadership, Direction & Launch January 26, 2005.

THE BRITISH LIBRARY

Open Access Institutional Repositories – Leadership, Direction & Launch

January 26, 2005

AGENDA

Conclusion

British Library’s Role In Research

Information Chain, Trends & Open Access

British Library Open Access Projects

Conclusion Revisited

CONCLUSION

BL Has a UK Statutory Responsibility To Collect, Preserve & Provide Long Term Access To Research Information

Open Access Models (Institutional Repositories Specifically) are Still Emerging, Developing & Maturing

We Must Consider All Segments Of the Information Chain When Developing Policy For Institutional Repositories

The BL Is Working On A Number Of Pilot & Experimental Projects To Explore Different Models For Open Access Publishing

We Are Seeking Partners For Collaborative Projects To Share Expertise, Risks & Costs Of Experimentation

AGENDA

Conclusion





THE 10-YEAR SCIENCE & INNOVATION INVESTMENT FRAMEWORK – E-INFRASTRUCTURE

“The growing UK research base must have ready and efficient access to information of all kinds…This is the life blood of research and innovation.

The Government will therefore work with interested funders and stakeholders to consider the national e-infrastructure (hardware, networks, communications technology) necessary to deliver an effective system. These funders and stakeholders include the British Library, which plays an important role in supporting scientific research and potential, including providing benefits to smaller business in the UK through access to science, engineering and technology information sources”

Science & Innovation investment framework 2004-2014

THE BRITISH LIBRARY

Receives £85m a year in Grant-in-aid from DCMS; earned annual trading income in 2002/03 of £27m

Generates value to the UK economy each year of 4.4 times public funding

Helping people advance

knowledge to enrich lives

National library of the UK, established by the British Library Act 1972

Over 250 years of collecting. Beneficiary of legal deposit, and £14.9m annual acquisitions budget. ~150m items in many formatsServes researchers, business, libraries, education and the general public

Accommodation for >1200 readers at St Pancras and the largest document supply service in the world

Renowned internationally as one of the world’s leading research libraries

63% of users are academics. 80% of the UK’s top R&D companies are BL customers

UNIQUE FEATURES OF THE BRITISH LIBRARY

The British Library is the only organisation with a statutory public good remit to collect, preserve and provide long-term access to research information for the whole of the UK We are guardians of the scientific intellectual property generated by others – we do not generate intellectual property

Have by far the largest collection of information in UK, reflecting 250 years of unbroken collectingBeneficiary of UK legal deposit and UK’s biggest purchaser of material Collect all published formats, including both print and digital. In addition to journals and books, have largest collection of patents, conference proceedings and theses in worldCollect from all types of sources from UK and overseas, including commercial publishers, non-profit learned societies etcCollect across all disciplines, including Science/Technology/Medicine, Social Sciences, and Arts & Humanities

Unparalleled range of information services including:World’s largest remote supplier of research material Through reading rooms provide unparalleled access to breadth of resources, including print and digital sources

Remit

Collection

Services

AGENDA

Conclusion





THE INFORMATION CHAIN – KEY PLAYERS

Certification/ peer review

ProductionDissemin-ation

AggregationKnowledge creation

Submission and accreditation

Interpret-ation

Resource usage

Storage & preservation

Enabling resource discovery

ResearchRights manage-ment

Enabling access

The British Library’s role

Researchers

ResearchersPublishers

Referees (expert researchers)

PublishersPrintersDatabase managers

PublishersIntermediaries

LibrariesIntermediaries (e.g., e-communities)Booksellers

A&I servicesIntermediaries (e.g., Google)Libraries

ResearchersResearch services

LibrariesPublishersIntermediariesDRM software cos.

National librariesLibrary consortia

ResearchersLibraries (curators)Education organisations

LibrariesPublishersIntermed-iaries

Researchers

* Note that (a) in reality this is not a simple linear process, and (b) the process varies somewhat by format of information (e.g. data is different from a journal article)

AGGREGATION - TRENDS

Number Of Scientific Publications Worldwide

400,000

500,000

600,000

1985 1990 1995 2000

Science and Engineering Indicators 2002National Science Foundation

Aggregation

AGGREGATION – OPEN ACCESS ISSUES

AggregationWhere/Who Do We Collect From?Institutional RepositoriesDiscipline Based RepositoriesOpen Access JournalsTraditional Publishers

Authentic Copy & DuplicationPreprintsAuthor VersionsPersistent Identifiers For Open Access Resources?

What Should We Collect?TextDataOther Media






Interpret-ation

Resource usage



Enabling access


Researchers












Researchers


Storage & preservation

STORAGE & PRESERVATION - TRENDS

UC Berkeley School of Information Management & Systems.

New Stored Information Grew 30%/Year Between 1999 and 2002.92% Of New Information Is Stored On Magnetic MediaEmail Generates 400 Petabytes (10^15) Of New Information Each YearWorld Computer Disk Storage 1990 – 1999

Michael Lesk

Storage & Preservation

STORAGE & PRESERVATION – OPEN ACCESS ISSUES

Storage & preservation Who Is Responsible For Long Term Preservation &

Access?FundingMetadata For Long Term PreservationMigration/Emulation When Necessary

Can Any Quantity Of Material Be Placed In A Repository?

Current Publishing Process Filters MaterialText & Data?Who Decides, Financial Constraint?

Links To Other ResourcesWho Will Maintain Links?Will Links Persist Over The Long Term?

Trusted Repositories?






Interpret-ation

Resource usage

Storage, preservation & conserv-ation


Enabling access


Researchers












Researchers



Methods For Finding Scientific Articles

0%

20%

40%

60%

1990 1995 2000

Citations LinkageOnline SearchColleaguesBrowsing Journals

Various Sources

ENABLING RESOURCE DISCOVERY - TRENDS

CrossrefPasses 10 Million DOIs in January 2004265 Publishers, 218 Libraries, 36 Vendors


RESOURCE DISCOVERY – OPEN ACCESS ISSUES

SearchWill Author Provided Metadata Create An Effective Search Experience?Will Distributed Search Work With Author Provided Metadata?Can Full Text Be Harvested From Repositories?Will All Repositories Use The Same Standards, Formats, Retrieval Mechanisms?Should We Just Use Google?

Links To Find Additional ResourcesHow Are Links To Other Resources Created And Maintained?Should These Resources Be Harvested As Well?







Interpret-ation

Resource usage



ResearchEnabling access


Researchers












Researchers


Rights manage-ment

RIGHTS MANAGEMENT – OPEN ACCESS ISSUES

What Licencing Regime Will Be Used For Institutional Repositories?

Who Owns IP & Can The Content Be Reused?

TextData

Do ‘Open-Access’ Sources Always Allow Unfettered Harvesting, Preservation & Access?Document Supply & Other Secondary Business Models?

Can Open Access Materials Be Redistributed?Can Operational Costs Be Recovered?

Rights manage-ment






Interpret-ation

Resource usage




Enabling access


Researchers












Researchers


ENABLING ACCESS - TRENDS

Driven By Specialised KnowledgeBetter Communication ChannelsResearchers Have More Opportunities & Methods To CollaborateAll Disciplines?

Number Of Authors For Mathematics Papers

0%

25%

50%

75%

100%

1940 1960 1980 2000

One Author

Two Authors

Three or moreAuthors

The future of scientific communication – Andrew

Odlzko

Enabling access

ENABLING ACCESS – OPEN ACCESS ISSUES

Locating SourcesIs There A Comprehensive List Of Institutional Repositories?Who Maintains?

Should A Distributed Search Service Be Created For These Institutional Repositories?How Does This Content Relate To Other Repositories & Traditional Publishers?Should We Create A Persistent Identifier Scheme For Open Access Publications?

Enabling access

THE INFORMATION CHAIN – SUMMARY

Open Access Models Still EvolvingIt Remains Unclear How Several Parts Of The Information Chain Are Going To WorkMore Information Sources Will Likely Give Rise To Less Conformance To StandardsHow Are We Going To Create More Structured, Standards Based Resources That Researchers Can Actually Use?

AGENDA

Conclusion





COLLABORTIVE OPEN ACCESS PROJECTS

SherpaRepository For The Unaffiliated Researcher

Preserv – Led By Southampton UniversityTo Build and Test an Exemplar OAI-based Preservation Service.

eThesesCreating a National Resource for Electronic Theses

Digital Preservation ProjectsMetadata ProjectsDigitisation Projects

AGENDA

Conclusion





CONCLUSION

BL Has a UK Statutory Responsibility To Collect, Preserve & Provide Long Term Access To Research Information

Open Access Models (Institutional Repositories Specifically) are Still Emerging, Developing & Maturing

We Must Consider All Segments Of the Information Chain When Developing Policy For Institutional Repositories

The BL Is Working On A Number Of Pilot & Experimental Projects To Explore Different Models For Open Access Publishing

We Are Seeking Partners For Collaborative Projects To Share Expertise, Risks & Costs Of Experimentation

THE BRITISH LIBRARY Open Access Institutional Repositories – Leadership, Direction & Launch January 26, 2005.

Documents

open access resour

unparalleled access

research information

efficient access

british library act

scientific research

long term access

format of information