The Benefits of Low Impact Development The goal of LID is to mimic the predevelopment hydrology of a site using a combination of site planning and structural design strategies to control runoff rate and volumes. LID approaches can be used in any type of development scenario: • new development, • redevelopment, or • existing condition retrofitting. Low Impact Development (LID) is an innovative approach to stormwater management that is based on the principle of managing runoff at the source. WHY LID, WHY NOW? Historically, wetlands, rivers, lakes, and estuaries provided the work of cleaning and protecting water resources. Intense development can significantly impair water quality and change how surface and groundwater interact. Increases in impervious surfaces result in increased runoff, making it harder and harder to protect receiving waters. Not LID FACT SHEET LID IS: • A balanced watershed approach to managing altered hydrology • A science-based solution to mitigating the impacts of smart development • A way to decentralize and integrate stormwater best management LID IS NOT: • A silver bullet • A substitute for proper planning • A way to permit unfavorable development • A single best management practice LID FORGING THE LINK
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The Benefits of Low Impact Development
The goal of LID is to mimic the
predevelopment hydrology of a site using a
combination of site planning and structural
design strategies to control runoff rate and
volumes.
LID approaches can be used in any type of
development scenario:
• newdevelopment,
• redevelopment,or
• existingconditionretrofitting.
LowImpactDevelopment(LID)isaninnovativeapproach tostormwatermanagementthatisbasedontheprincipleof managing runoff at the source.
WHY LID, WHY NOW?
Historically,wetlands,rivers,lakes,andestuariesprovidedtheworkofcleaningandprotectingwaterresources.
Intensedevelopmentcansignificantlyimpairwaterqualityandchangehowsurfaceandgroundwaterinteract.
Increases in impervious surfaces result in increasedrunoff,makingitharderandhardertoprotectreceivingwaters.
Not LID
F A C T S H E E T
LID IS:• Abalancedwatershedapproachto
managing altered hydrology
• Ascience-basedsolutiontomitigating
the impacts of smart development
• Awaytodecentralizeandintegrate
stormwaterbestmanagement
LID IS NOT:• Asilverbullet
• Asubstituteforproperplanning
• Awaytopermitunfavorable
development
• Asinglebestmanagement
practice
LID
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OLD DESIGN APPROACHES
Detentionbasinsdoaneffectivejobofaddressingfloodprotectionrequirementsbydetaining
largervolumesofrunofffromhighlevelsofimpervioussurfaces.However,researchhasshown
thatsolerelianceuponbasinstomanagestormwaterhasproventobeineffectiveinprotecting
waterresources.
TOWARD A BETTER APPROACH
Theworkofcommunityboardmembersand
municipaldecisionmakersintownsandcities
throughout the country is critically important for
shaping community character and protecting local
natural,culturalandeconomicresources.Thiscan
bedonebyrequiringeffectiveLIDdesignsthat:
• attempttodecentralizedrainageinfrastructure,
• maximizeonsitestoragefiltrationandinfiltration
• makeuseofnaturallandscapefeaturestobest
manage runoff
• reducetheneedforlargedetentionstructures
DEVELOPED WATERSHED
Evapo-Transpiration 25%
Precipitation
Groundwater32%
Surface Runoff43%
NATURAL WATERSHED
Precipitation
Evapo-Transpiration 40%
Surface Runoff10%
Groundwater50%
TYP ICAL PRE - AND POST-DEVELOPMENT HYDROLOGY PATTERNS
FORGING THE LINK: LinkingtheEconomicBenefitsofLowImpactDevelopmentandCommunityDecisions•www.unh.edu/unhsc/forgingthelinkChapter2:TheBenefitsofLowImpactPractices
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR: Robert M. Roseen,Ph.D.P.E.,D.WRE•Director,TheUNHStormwaterCenter EnvironmentalResearchGroup,DepartmentofCivilEngineering,35ColovosRoad,UNH,Durham,[email protected]
PROJECT INVESTIGATORS AND CONTRIBUTING AUTHORS:Todd V. Janeski•EnvironmentalScientist,VirginiaCommonwealthUniversity 1000WestCarySt,POBox843050,Richmond,VA23284ph804-371.8984 fx:[email protected]
James J. Houle,CPSWQ•OutreachCoordinatorandProgramManager,TheUNHStormwaterCenter EnvironmentalResearchGroup,DepartmentofCivilEngineering,35ColovosRoad,UNH,Durham,[email protected]
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ThisprojectwasfundedbyagrantfromNOAA/UNHCooperativeInstituteforCoastal andEstuarineEnvironmentalTechnology,NOAAGrantNumbersNA06NOS4190167
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