THE BEGINNINGS OF INDUSTRIALIZATION CHAPTER 25 , SECTION 1
Dec 22, 2015
THE B
EGINNIN
GS OF
INDUSTR
IALIZ
ATIO
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CHAPTER 2
5, SECTI
ON 1
BEFORE THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
Industrial Revolution – the greatly increased output of machine-made goods that began in England in the mid – 1700’s.
Before the Industrial Revolution, people wove textiles by hand
BEFORE INDUSTRIALIZATION – AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTIONNew Techniques in
Agriculture paved the way for the IR.
Jethro Tull’s seed drill
ENCLOSUREWealthy landowners
enclosed their massive plots of land with fence or hedges.
They could cultivate larger fields.
Landowners experimented with more productive seeding and harvesting methods to boost crop yields
Jethro Tull – THE SEED DRILL
CROP ROTATION
Improvement on the three-field system
System of growing a different crop each year to preserve the fertility of the land
IMPROVEMENTS IN LIVESTOCKImproved methods of
breeding led to larger animals.
Between 1700 and 1786 the average weight for lambs climbed from 18 – 50 pounds.
EFFECTS OF THE AGRICULTURAL REV.
Food Supplies Increased
Living Conditions Improved
More Food + Better Living Conditions = Larger Population
Larger Population = increased demand for food and goods like cloth
Poor farmers lost their land and became factory workers
WHY DID THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION BEGIN IN ENGLAND?
Children Coal Miners
1. NATURAL RESOURCES
• Water power and coal for the new machines
• Iron ore to construct machines, tools and building
• Rivers for transportation• Harbors for trade
2. EXPANDING ECONOMY
• Investments in new inventions• Highly developed banking
system that encouraged bank loans to invest in new machinery
• Growing overseas trade
3. POLITICAL STABILITY IN BRITAIN• No wars occurred ON British soil
in the 1700’s.• Parliament passed laws to
encourage and protect business
IN CONCLUSION• Britain had all of the
FACTORS OF PRODUCTION necessary for an Industrial Revolution
• Factors of Production – the resources needed to produce goods and services that the IR required. Land, labor and capital (wealth).