The Basics of Healthy Change

1PowerPoint® Lecture Outlines prepared by Dr. Lana Zinger, QC—CUNY

Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.

The Basics of Healthy Change


Putting Your Health in Perspective

Health • Physical, Social, Intellectual, Environmental,

Emotional, and Spiritual Wellness or well-being

• Wide array of factors that lead to positive health status



Morbidity • The relative incidence of disease

Mortality • The proportion of deaths to population

Health today• People are living longer and fewer people suffer from

infectious disease.• Most childhood diseases are preventable or curable.


The Top Ten Reported Impediments to Academic Performance – past 12 Months


The Evolution Toward Wellness • Today, the terms health and wellness are used

interchangeably to describe the ever-changing process of trying to achieve one’s potential in the dimensions of health.




Current dimensions of health include• Physical health• Social health • Intellectual health• Environmental heath• Emotional health• Spiritual health



Dimensions of health and wellness• Physical

• Includes body functioning, physical fitness, and ability to perform activities of daily living (ADLs)

• Social• Ability to have satisfying interpersonal relationships

• Intellectual • Using “brain power” effectively to meet challenges• Ability to think clearly and to reason objectively



Dimensions of health and wellness• Environmental

• Appreciation of the external environment and one’s role to preserve, protect, and improve its conditions

• Emotional• Self-esteem, self-confidence, self-efficacy, and other

emotional reactions and responses• Spiritual

• Feeling as if part of a greater spectrum of existence



Other important concepts• Mental health:

• A broad concept that encompasses dimensions of emotional, social, spiritual, and intellectual health

• The thinking part of psychosocial health• Includes your values, attitudes, and beliefs

• Holistic approach to health:• Emphasizes the integration and balance of mind,

body, and spirit


The Healthy People Initiatives

Healthy People 2010• The Healthy People 2010 plan took the original

initiative to the next level. • Two broad goals:

1. Increase life span and quality of life

2. Eliminate health disparities


A Sampling of Healthy People 2010 Objectives

Continued


A Sampling of Healthy People 2010 Objectives



National Goal: Improving Health and Reducing Disparities

Goals • Include improvement in health insurance; better access

to low-cost, high-quality healthcare; educational improvements; protective policies, and enhanced environments • Example: proposal to ban trans fat from restaurant

food items



A New Focus on Health Promotion• Health disparities

• Differences in the incidence, prevalence, mortality, and burden of diseases among specific population groups

• Health promotion• Assists individuals and groups in making positive behavior

modifications

• Risk behaviors• Actions that increase the susceptibility to negative health

outcomes

What kinds of risk behaviors would you like to change?




Leading Causes of Preventable Death in the United States


Changing Your Health Behaviors



Beliefs and Attitudes • Belief—An appraisal of the relationship between

some object, action, or idea and some attribute of that object, action, or idea

• Attitude—Relativity stable set of beliefs, feelings, and behavioral tendencies in relation to something or someone


Common Barriers to Behavior Change



Self-Efficacy • Belief in one’s ability to perform a task successfully

External versus Internal Locus of Control • The “location,” external (outside oneself) or internal

(within oneself), an individual perceives to be the source and underlying cause of events in his or her life

Significant Others as Change Agents• Family• Social bonds and the influence of others



Motivation and Readiness to Change• Motivation

• Having incentive or reason to make a change• Readiness

• State of being that precedes behavior change and makes change possible



Transtheoretical Model of Health Behavior Change (States of Change Model)• Precontemplation

• No current intention of changing• Contemplation

• Recognize a problem and begin to contemplate the need to change• Preparation

• Close to taking action, and may have a plan• Action

• Begin to follow action plans• Maintenance

• Vigilance, attention to detail, and long-term commitment• Termination

• New behavior has become an essential part of daily living


Changing Your Behavior

Setting Realistic Goals • What do I want?• Which change is the greatest priority at this time?• Why is this important to me?• What are the potential positive outcomes?• What health-promoting programs and services can help

me get started?• Are there family or friends whose help I can enlist?


Behavior Change Contract

The Basics of Healthy Change

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