The Art of Woodworking - Cabinets and Bookcases 1993

7/18/2019 The Art of Woodworking - Cabinets and Bookcases 1993

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THEARTOFWOODWORKING

HOMEWORI HOP



SAFETYIPS

Powerools. Wearappropriate afety ear: afetyglasses, face hield orextra rotectionandhearing rotection.

f there sno custcollectionystem, ear dustmask.Fo rexotrc oods uchas ebony, sea respi-rator;he sawdust ay ause n al lergicreaction.Wearworkgloves henhan-dl ing oughumber.

o Drape he power ordof a portablepoweroolover ourshouldero keepit out of the way.

. Concent raten he ob;do not ush.Neverworkwhen ouare ired,stressed,or have een r inking lcoho l r us ingmedicat ionshat nduce rows iness.

. A lways eep ourworkarea leanand idy;c lut ter an ead o accidents,andsawdust ndwood craps anbe afie hazard.

. Keep ourhandswel laway romaturning lade r bi t .

o Do notusea tool f anypart swornor damaged.

Handools

. Use heappropriateoot or he ob :do not ry o make tooldo somethingforwhich t wasnot ntended.

. Clamp ourworkpieceo freebothhands oran operation.

o Cutawayromyourselfatherha ntoward ourbody.

. Do not orce tool; f possible,ryremovingess tock neachpass.

. Keephe edges f cuttingools harp

WORKSHOPUIDE

TURNINGNDCARVINGOOLS

9kewchiselUeedLo ehapepeaa6and Pom-

melson work-pieceemounLedon ETne; anqe7beLween, inchand1l incheanwtdth

Round-endearaPer9moothe workmounLed n lalthefaceplaLe: ypicalbladewidtheare, 1 , ,and l i nch

Roughing-outgougeUeed o urn cyltn-dere from oquareblankemounLed nlathe;availablen'/-,1/- and1 '-

inchwidthe

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1ouqe or qeneraiturntnq; an4e9

from

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Parting toolNarrow, hiael-liketool ueed1ta ec-Lionworkptecemountedon aLhe;avatlablen'/: .- nd/,-tnchwidtha

DESIGNNDMEASURING()()LS

. Awl

. Carpenter'squareo Combinat ion

sq areo Compasso Contour auge

o Cutting auge

o Dial a l iper

. Dovetailquare

r F lexib leurve

r French urve

o Inside a l lpers

. Marking auge

o Measur ingape

o Miter quare

. Mortise auge

. Outside

Veining hioelFartrngLool or ouL-liningaeparate

areaoand cuttin76harpqroovea;availablen 1-, -,and ''/. tnch wtdths

Eent gougeFor ehap,inqol-towaana curvea:ranqea rom'/ tncht o 1 nch n widLh

No.5 gougeFor

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worK;anqeafromI inchLo

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No.8 gougeFor,rou4h hapingworK;an4e' rrom'/

inch to 1 nchin width

Handlee

Witha typical lenqth of10 o 14 nchee, andleoof turninq ;ooleare Lhicker

and onqer hanLhoee fcarvinq Loola: the exl,ralenqthpermiLsLwo-handed operation

o Protractor

o S l i d i n g

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. Straightedge

. Trammeloints

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ca pers



THEARTOFWOODWORKING

CABINETS

ANDBOOKCASES



CABINETS

THEARTOFWOODWORKING

AN{DBOOICNES

TIME.LIFE OOKSALEXANDRIA.IRGINIA

ST.REMYPRESSMONTREAL. EWYORK



PUBLISHERPR-ESIDENT

Series ditorSeries rt Director

SeniorEditors

Art Directors

Designers

Research ditorPictureEditor

WritersResearchssistant

Cont buting IIu rato s

AdministratorProductionManagerSystem oordinator

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Indexer

KennethWinchesterPierreL6veill6

PierreHome-DouglasFrancineLemieuxMarc Cassini Text)HeatherMills (Research)

NormandBoudreault,LucGermain,Solange aberge

Jean-Guy oiron, Michel GiguEre,H6ldneDionTimMcRaeChristopher acksonAndrewJones,Rob LutesBryanQuinnGillesBeauchemin, ollandBergera,Michel Blais,Jean-Pierre ourgeois,RonaldDurepos,RobertPaquet,James h6rienNatalieWatanabeMichelleTirrbidefean-LucRoyRobertChartierIudith YelonChristineM. Iacobs

THECONSUTTANTS

fon Arno is a consultant,cabinetmakerand freelancewriter who lives n Tioy, Michigan. He alsconducts eminars n wood dentification ndearlyAmerican urniture design.

Kam Ghaffari s a freelance riter andeditor.He hashis own businessn Rhode slanddesigning nd building one-of-a-kindand im-itedproduction urniture. Kam'sbackgroundalso ncludesworking professionallyn furniture reproductionand fine carpentry, ndstudyingwith furniture patriarchsWendellCastle fthe U.S.and FredBaierofEngland.

GilesMiller-Mead taught advanced abinet-

making at Montreal echnical chools or morethantenyears.A nativeofNew Zealand, ehasworked asa restorer f antique urniture.

fosephTruini is SeniorEditor of HozeMechanixmagazine. formerShopand ToolsEditor of PopularMechanics, e hasworked as acabinetmaker,ome mprovementcontractorandcarpenter.

Cabinets nd bookcasesp. cm.-(The Art of Woodworking)Includes ndex.ISBN0-8094-995-2 trade)

l. Cabinetwork-Amateurs' manuals.2. Bookcases-Amateurs'manuals.I. Time-LifeBooks. I. SeriesTTr97.C23684.1'6-dc20 93-20771

CIP

For nformationabout anyTime-Lifebook,please all l-800-621-7026, r write:Reader nformationTime-LifeCustomerServiceP.O. oxC-32068fuchmond,Virginia23261-2068

@1993 ime-LifeBooks nc.All rights reserved.No part of this book may be reproducednany orm or by anyelectronicor mechanicalmeans,ncluding nformation storage ndretrievaldevices r systems, ithout prior writ-tenpermission rom thepublisher,except hatbriefpassages aybe quoted or reviews.First printing. Printed n U.S.A.Published imultaneouslyn Canada.

TIME-LIFE is a trademarkof TimeWarner ncU.S.A.

R 1 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

THE ARTOF WOODWORKING wasproducedbyST. REMYPRESS

Time-Life Books s a divisionof Time-Life nc.,a wholly ownedsubsidiary f

THE TIME INC. BOOK COMPANY

TIME-LIFEBOOKS

PresidentVice-President

Editor-in-ChiefDirectorof Editorial Resources

MarketingDirectorEditorialDirectorConsulting ditor

ProductionManager

Iohn D. HallNancyK. JonesThomasH. FlahertyEliseD. Ritter-Clough

ReginaHallLeeHassig

fohn R. SullivanMarleneZack



CONTENTS

t2T4T 6L92024

4042

444550525456

6062

646672

848688930004

6 INTRODUCTION

CABINETMAKING BASICSWoodmovementSelecting nd ordering umberLumber defectsPreparing tockCabinetmakingoinery

BOOKCASEAnatomy of a bookcase

Bookcase ccessoriesAdjustable helvingFixedshelvesEdge reatment or shelvesFace ramesBases nd feet

ARMOIREAnatomvof an armoire

Pilasters'CornicemoldingsDoors

BLANKET CHESTAnatomy of a blanketchestTopsBases ndfeetHardwareInlays

106 HIGHBOY108 Anatomy of a highboy

110 Assemblinghe upperchestLlz Cabriole egs116 Assemblinghe owerchest118 CockbeadingI20 DrawersL24 CrownmoldingsL28 Rosettes130 FinialsI34 Quartercolumns

136 Applied sculptures

I4O GLOSSARY

I42 INDEX

T44 ACKNO\{LEDGMENTS





INTRODUCTION

Nain Morcelandhis

LIBRARYI.]NIT

he ibrary unit shownhere,madeout of Hondurasmahogany, asoneof my

I first big commissions.t wasbuilt in the shop co-ownwith Frdddric oeven,

a fine cabinetmaker. ehadbuilt a ot of singlepiecesn thepast,but thiswasour

first opportunity o experiment ith theplanningandconstruction f a arge,nte-

gratedwall unit.Our first stepwas o takeaccurate easurementsf the oom hat heunit would

occupy. hishad o bedone erycarefidly,incewallsarenot always traight. hedif-

ference anbeasmuch as% nch. Sowe measuredetweenhewallsat the corners

of theroom andagaineveryew nches ut.Weonlywantedo cut our stockonce

With measurementsn hand,wedesignedhepiecen theshop.Our clientwanted

a traditionalEnglish-libraryook,whichwaswhy we chose darkmahogany.he

French oorsalsocontributedo the classicalppearancefthe unit.

Themostcriticaldesign onsideration as o make ure hebookcasesould be

wellproportionedor thesize f the oom.The elationshipetweenheheight, epth

andwidth of the unit had o beright. Toprovideourselvesith avisual eferences

we cut and assembledhecomponentsf thestructure,we drewa full-scale lanof

the oomon he looroftheshop. hisenableds o keep rackofall hepiecesndposition hem n theirproper ocations swewentalong.

We usedmahogany-veneerediberboardor thebasic tructure nd oined he

pieces ith biscuits.Mostof theshelvesreadjustable;heysit onbrass helfsupports

whicharescrewednto sleevesn theside anels.Weadded olidmahoganybanding

twice he hickness f the shelfstock, o the front edges f the shelveso give hem

more igidity.The backpanels it n rabbets ut nto thebackedges f the unit.We

made hepaneled oorsout of solidmahoganysingmortise-and-tenonointswith

a ine ntegrated olding. hecornicemoldings made p of three eparateieces

of wood ndividually haped ndglued ogether eforebeingapplied o the unit.

We inished hebookcasesith a darkred mahogany tain ollowedby severaloats

of cellulose-basedacquer,henwipedon aglazing tain o accentuatehemolding

andgive hepiece naged ppearance,

Alain Morcel operates esRialisationsLoeven-Morcel,a

cabinetryshop n Montrdal, Qutbec,along with hispart-

ner,Fr,lddricLoeven.The shopspecializesn architectural

woodworkand reproductionsof antiquefurniture.



INTRODUCTION

abouthem.Allcontainnelementf mystery,ustwaitingo beexplored.ho canresistpeningsmall oorwitha iny urned nob nd pinner,i liftinghe idof

adovetailedeepsakeox? skPandora.To hecabinetmaker,ase ieces reapleasure,swellasa challengeobuild.Thepossibleay'out ombinationsreendless:oors,drawers,helves,ull-out rays,dividers, igeonholes,ndoneof my favorite omponents,ecret bmpartmenls.Nothing hrillsa customermore han o be old hat heirnewacquisition,ashiddencompartment. nd nothingadds o the anticipationmore han o say t isup tothem o find t.

Woodworkerspecializingn individuallybuilt ieceshriveon variety.concentrateon caseshat arenotavailableommercially,uchasa special-sizeieceo fit a specificspot,a l5-drawer ameraabinet, display aseor a watch oll-ction, r a inwarecupboardike heoneshown n thephotograph.t was nspired y a shaker riginalI saw t heRenwick allery f theSmithsoniannstitutionn 1973.Theupboard

is oneof themostversatile iecesbuild,equally uitablen a hallway,edroom, ath,kitchen, r living oom-anlnvhere paces atapremium.

Each iece make nvolveshe ntegiation f functionanddesign.he eal hallengecomesn thebuildingprocess.ood expandsuringsummer'sumidityandshrinksduringwinter's ryness. boardmoves crosstswidth,while ts ength emains ir-tuallyconstant. nyconstrainthat physicallyimits his movementlnvitesisaster.Moldings annot eglued crosscabinet ide;nsteadhey ideon dovetails.oorframes recut rom relativelyarrowquartersawnood o minimizemovement,hilethewidepanels re ree o float n their grooves. he rames etween rawersmusttelescopen andoutof theirmortise-and-tenonoints o follow hemovement f thecase ides. acks,ikedoors, onsist f quartersawnrames nd loating anels, or-tisedand enonedo providestrength nd resist acking,Evenhe gapiabove ach

drawermustbe figuredpreciselyo keep hem rom swelling hut.when theelementsf design, ood,and oinerycome ogithercorrectly,hecase

will survive o hat uturegenerationsill becomentriguedenougho want o turntheknob,open hedoor,andsearchor thesecretompartment.

ChrisBecksvoortescribeshe

CHALLENGESFCABINETMAKING

ase ieces---<upboards,ureaus,ookcases,hests,ideboards,ndotherassort-edcabinets-are t bestmerely lorified oxes. et here ssomethingpecial

ChrisBecksvoortuildsfine urniture at his workshopin New Gloucester,Maine. He is shownherewithhis tinware cupboard n theMeetingHouseat the

Shaker ommunityof Sabbathday ake,Maine.







INTRODUCTION

l 1

Mario RodriguLeztalksboutbuildinghis

CORNERCUPBOARD

1 A f henmywifeand started ouse-huntingn thecountrywe ooked tnewcon-

V V temporary omes, ewhousesuilt n traditional tyles,ndoldhouses

Naturally, econsideredhingsike ayout, eating ystems,nddependablelumbing.

Butwewere tilldrawn o oldhouses.orme, herewas heknowledgehatan old

house as uiltbyhand-from thehand-dugoundationightup to thehand-splitshingleoof.Oldhousesere uiltwithsheertren$h uided yexperiencendskill.

Weended pbuying noldhouse.

Walkinghrbugh ur place ousee urfaceshatundulate nd ipple rom hand

planeshaipasedoverhemnearly 00 ears go. here re hestnuteams ith shirn-

mering, ateted urfacesut by an adzeand hick,pine loorboards tudded

with hind-wrought ails.Nl thedoor-ways,antels, ndpaneling ere roduced ith

handplanesromchoiceHudsonValley ine.No flakeboardr finger-jointedase

moldine ere.I waited obuilda specialpieceor thedining oom.With tsmassiretoneireplace

it is heheart f thehouJe.n the 8th Centuryife evolvedroundhis oom. decided

to build hecorner upboardhownn thephotoandplacet oppositehe ireplace

It's ikely hatasimilar iece ccupiedhesame potmany ears go.I built hecupboardrom igermaple;muchof t wasmade sing ntique and ools.

I shapedhemoldingwithplanes ndscrapers,ome fwhich mademyself. hehard

mapie urfaceserJhand laned, ot sanded,ndup close oucansee.mallbits f

tearout-justas.you ould indoncupboardsrom he BthCentury.he nterior f

thecasesfairly traightforward,sideroma ewangles.t ismade fpineand oined

withdadoesnd ab6etoints ecuredith srnall utnails. mortised nd enonedhe

cabinetrames nd ined hesash ith oid,seededlass.even sed dark,less-refine

shellaco give hewoodawarmhoney olor. hen t was ubbedwith amlxtureof

pumice nldinseed ilto achievenantique-likeatin inish. made hecabinet s

it wouldhave een uilt200 ears go.When t was ompletedndplacedn thecorner

thecupboard nd heroom came o life.Togetherhey ake ou back o the lBth

Centurv.t'saperfectmatch.Likeapainting, piece f furnitureneedsheproper ettingo createhe ightmood

andatmoiphere.ot only s heproper eriod nvironmentmportant,utso sscale

color, nd ighting. hese re onsiderationshatwillheightenhe mpact f hepiece

andcontributeolts success.wouldenjoymy cupboard lanted q'where utwithout

a doubt enjoyt ntoreinthe ining oomof my beautiful ldhorne.

MnrioRodriguezeochesoodworkingt WarwickCotuttryWorkjnps rt

Warwick,NewYork, ndat theFttshionnstitute fTechnologyn NewYork

City.He s also contributirtgditor f FineWoodworking tngctzine.





CABNETKG

BASICS

hereare wokindsof skillinvolvedn constructing

finecabinetr bookcase:uttingtogetherhebasic keletonf thepiece nd henembellishingt.

The inials nd osettesf theQueen nnehighboyeaturedon page106mustbe turnedwith care na atheand henartfullvcarved:he distinctivepilastersf anarmoirepage 0)require arefirlttentionopro-duce n he outer. utalthoughthese istinctive dornmentsmay aptureviewer'sttention,theyalso eflect truism:Noamount fdecorationill con-

cealhedefectsf apoorlybuiltstructure.hischapterooksndetail t hebasic kills ouwillneedo selecttock, reparet

Panels reoftenmadeof boards dge-gluedogether.

Thepieceshould roduce pattern hat s visually

interestingwhile hegrain of all theboardshould unin thesame irection. marked rianglewill help

yourearrangehe boards orrectlyf theyaremoved

beforelueup.

on a sketchpage 8)will helpyoupurchasehe ight umberforyourproject.

With your stock n hand,youcanbeginhestep-by-ste

processf buildinga carcaseThis egins ithpreparingtock(page 0)andgluinguppanels

Qage a).A variety f cornerjoinery ptions,ncludingand-cutdovetailsndplateorbis-cuit)oints, re resentedegin-ningon page 6.Nextcomesinstallingback anelpagel)

and inalglue-upndassemblyThe rame-and-panelethod

ofbuilding cabinetsdescribe

startingnpage 2.This ech-nique spopular otonly or tsappearance,utbecauset allowsfor woodmovement.n manyframe-and-panelabinets,herofessionally,nd hen assem-

ble t into a sturdy oundation or yourcabinetor bookcase.

The basics f cabinetmakingbegin ith an understanding

ofwood.Thesections n dealingwith woodmovementpage

14),orderingwo od, page16),andpreparing cutting istbased

panels reraised"-that

is, heyhave evels ut around heir

edges. ot only do thebevelsenda decorativeouch,but they

alsoallow he wood o expand ndcontractwhilepreservinghe

worKs ntegrity.Raising anelss shownstartingon page 6.

A skew hisel emoveslivers f wasterom the

dovetailsn a drawer ide.Cutting he oint by

hand spainstakingbut t impartsa traditional

and distinctiveook o a Diecef furniture.



WOODMOVEMENT

ood is a hygroscopic aterial,absorbingnd eleasing oisture

as he elative umidityof thesurround-ingair rises nd alls.Andas hemois-

turecontent fa piece fwoodchanges,sodo its dimensions ndweight.Whenwood s assemblednto apiece f furni-ture, the changes an produceprob-lems-somegreat, ome mall. cabinetdoor hatshuts moothlyn Decembermay not close t all in lune;aperfectlysquare ookcasean iterally ull itselfapartat he ointsashumiditychangesthroughout the year.Knowing howmoistureaffectswood will help vouavoid hese roblems.

Thewater n wood s measuredsa percentagefits oven-dry, r water-freeweight. orexample,f a4O-poundpiece fwooddrops o 30pounds henoven-dried,he weightof the shedwater-10 pounds-divided by thewood's ry weight-30 pounds-is themoisture ontent f the originalpiece:in thiscase, 3percent.

Woodholdswaterboth asvapor-likemoisture alledreewatern its ell cav-itiesandasboundwatern thecellwalls.

Whenwood s cut and exposedo theair, t shedsts reewater irst. Whenallfreewater s expelled,he wood s saidto beat ts ibersaturationoint(FSP),

typically etween 3 and30 percentmoisture ontent. o hispoint here asbeen o changen thedimensionsf hepiece;t simplyweighsess. s wooddries urther,however, ater s shed romthe cellwalls,causinghem-and theboard-to shrink.

Undernormalcircumstances,oodnever egainsts freewater;a driedboard's ellcavities ill alwaysemainemptyof moisture. ut the amountofboundwater ontainedn thecellwallschanges ith shiftsn the humidity ntheair.At 100percentelative umid-ity,wood reachests FSP. t 0 percenthumidity,wood sdrained f all water,The elativemoisturen theatmospherenormally allsbetweenhese alues, ndthe moisture ontent f mostwoods

ranges etween and20percent. till,the fluctuation n relative umiditybetweenypicalNorth Americanwin-tersand summers ancause ubstan-

tialwoodmovement ver he courseof a year.

Youcancompensateor this n severalways.Usea humidifier n winterand adehumidifiern summer o keep heindoor evelof umidity sconstint s

possible. emembero makeallowfor woodmovementn theconstruof yourwork.Using rame-and-joineryfor example page 2)will

vide space or wood to expandcontractwithoutaffectinghe ovcondition f thepiece. omewoodsto movemore hanothers; onslumberdealero find themostdimsionally table peciesor yourpro

Moistureontentbove 0% no hange)

Moisturdontent tFSP-26%nochange)

Moistureontentt 17% %" hrinkage)

Moistureontent t 13% %" hrinkage)

Moistureontent t 8o/o'1" hrinkage)

As hemoistureevel fa 2-by-10lain-sawnlank fsoftwoodumberdrops elowhe iber aturat ionointFSP),hewood hrinks.t 17per-cent,heboards% nchnarrowerhan t was t tsFSP;t loses nother% nch fwidth hen i ln-dr iedo8 percent.hr inkageependsart lyon hedensityf hewood;eneral ly,denserpecieshrinksnd wellsmorehan ighterne. apwoodlsoendso changensizemorequicklyhan eartwood.



CABINETMAKING BASICS

WOODHRINKAGE

Tangentialnd adial hrinkageWood oes ot hrink niformly;sshown

by hedotteded inesn he l lustrat ion

at r ight,angentialhrinkage-tangento

thegrowthings-isaboutwice sgreat

as adia l hr inkage,hich ccurscross

the ings. h is i f ferenceausesoards

andpanelsowarp s hey hrink rswel l

with hangesn re lat iveumidi ty.t can

also auseointso oosenr ightenro m

excess ressure,sdiscussedelow.

Shrinkagelonghe ength f a boards

usual lynsignif icant .2-by-10lankhat

shr inks nch crosstswidthmightose

lesshanXe nch long n8-footength.

WOOD RAIN ND OINERY

0ptimizingrain irectionThe ocationf he angentiallanesfmating oardsi l l igni fcant lyffectjo int 's trengthnd tabi l i ty.n he de-

alsi tuat ion-ashownn he l lustrationof a mortise-and-tenonointat eft-the

tangent ia llanesf oined iecesreparal le l .h is nsureshat heboards

wi l lexperienceimilar oodmovement

in he ame irect ions heirmoisture

contenthanges.r ient ingoardshisway elps revent oint rom omingloose;t also reventshemating oardsfrom plitt inghenhey well ithhigh-

er evels f moisture.

r<an4ential

plane

1 5



SELECTING ND ORDERING UMBER

V ou canbuy he umber or yourI woodworking roject rom several

sources, achwith itsown advantagesand drawbacks. he ocal umberyard

is often he mostconvenient upplier,but the selectionmaybe imited o con-structionwoods uchaspine,spruce,and other softwoods. hough youmay ind theoccasionalache f hard-woodat a umberyard, ou will prob-

ably have o venture farther afield,consultingwoodworkingmagazinesto find dealers ho soecializen thehardwoods sedn cabinetry. ricesorgoodhardwoodumbercanbehigh,but as s often he case,ouwill gener-

allygetwhat you pay or.Sometimesou canbuy ocallycut

lumber rom a smallsawmill, ut the

woodwill oftenneed o be seasonedand urfaced.erycledoards re row-ing npopularity,result f hescarci-ty of certainwoods nd hegrowing

sensef environmentalesponsibilityfeltbv manvwoodworkers.hetherremovedromanoldbarnorapiece ftimewornurniture, uchwoodmay erelativelynexpensivend,becausetoftenoriginatesromoldgrowthimber,it canbevisually ndstructurallyupe-rior o thesmall illets f youngerum-beravailableoday.

Beforerderingourwood, onsideryour equirementsarefullynd eferothe ollowingips ohelp ougetwhat

youneed t areasonableost..Species:sk or hespecificood

species,ot a broad amily ame. or

example, rderWestern ed cedasimply edar. obeabsolutelyure,the botanical ameof thewoodwant and ask or it.

.Quantity:Letyour supplier whether ou areordering n boardor lineal eet.A lineal oot refersboard'sength, egardlessf its wand hickness.heboard oot sa msureof thevolumeof woodt t isusIy necessaryo refer o board eeorderinghardwoods, hich areoavailablen randomsizes nly.

.Size:Wood ssold n nominal athanactual izes.omakeallowancthe difference henordering urf

lumber.A nominal 2-bv-4 s actl '/ i '-by-31"The hickness f woooftenexpressedsafraction n qua

CATCUTATINGOARDEET

0rderingumber y heboardootTheboardoot sa unitof measurementommonlysed hendealing ithhardwoodumber. sshown elow,hestandardboardoot sequivalento a piece fwood inch hick, 2inches ide, nd12 nchesong. ocalculatehenumberfboardeet n a particulariece fwood,multiplyts hree -,iy6:[,::;#f,

dimensions,hendividehe esult y 44 if thedimensions difterent,ize oardgare l l n nches.rbv12 f one f hedimensionss n eet.

1-by-3= 2 board feet iThe ormula ora standard oard:I " x 12" 12" I44 = I (or1" 12" 1 ' 12= I)So f youhada 6{ooflong -by-4,ouwould alculateheboardeetas ollows: "x 4" x $'+ 12= 2 (or2 boardeet).Other xamolesre hownn he llustration,ememberhatboardeetare alculatedn hebasis f nominalatherhanactual imensions.

l-D -O = + OOarATeeT ',

1-by-12=Bboardfeet

1"x 12" 12"= 1eLandardboard oot

2-by-4=5%boardfeet

2-W-6 = B board feet i,




of an nch.A 2-inch-thick oard, or

example,s expresseds%; urfacing ill

reducet to 1%nches.Wth unsurfaced

or greenwood, he nominaland actual

dimensionsre hesame.. Grade: The primary difference

between igh and ow grades f hard-

wood umber s appearanceather han

strength. ecausehe grade fa board

isdeterminedy heproportions f clear

wood it contains,argehigh-grade

boards re ar moreexpensivehan ow-

er-gradeoards.f you needonly small-

er high-gradeieces ou cancut them

out ofa lower-gradeoard,atgreat av-

ings.Consultyour ocaldealeror a chart

ofthe differentgrades vailable.

primarydifferenceetweenhe tw o

is the moisture ontent MC) of the

wood.Kiln-driedwoodhasamoisture

contentof about8 percent;t will not

drv anv urtherwhenused or indoorfuiniture.Air-driedwood hasan MC

of 12 o 15percent. hiswood soften

chosen y carvers,r bywoodworkers

whoprefero dry their ownwood..Surfacing: urfacingeferso how

wood sprepared t the mill beforet

comeso the umberyard.Hardwood

lumber susually urfacedn bothfaces(S2S).fyouhave planer ndajointer,

buying rough umber and surfacing

it yourself ill prove ess xpensive.

THE TAGESFCABINETRODUCTION

Likemost asks,hebui ld ing

of a oiece f urnitureanbeaccomplishedost moothly

andeff c ient lyf you akea

methodicalpproach. ostprojectsnvolvehestepsist-

ed below;hey houldecar-

ried ut n hesequencehown,

startingt hedrawing oard

and nding ith f inal nspec-

t ion.Formaximumff ic iency,lay ut ouroolsn heshop

so hatyourwoodol lows

relat ivelyirect outeromrough tocko nalassembly.Considerationsordeterminngyour eeds ndorderingoo d

are iscussedt eftandonpage

18.Stock reparationnd oin-

erybegin npage 0.

rDesignnd lan iece. List nd rdermaterials. Preparetock.Joint ne ace nd dge

. Planetherace

. Rip owidthrGrosscuto ength. Cutoints.Sand eforessembly.Assembleomponents.Finishan doMake nd nstall oors

anddrawers'APPIYinish.Giveinal nspection

. Seasoning:umber s soldeither

kiln-dried KD)or air-dried AD).The

t 7



CABINETMAKINGBASICS

CUTTINGISTS

Makingnd sing cuttingis tA cutt ingist ecordshe rnishedizesof umbereededora particulariece f

furni ture.f one snot ncludedi th heplans oupurchase,ouwillhaveo makeyour wn asedna sketchf hedesign.Usehe ormulahownnpage 6 ototal henumberf boardeet oreachcomponentf heprolect;dd20 to 40percentdependingn hespecies)oaccountorwastenddefectsn hewood.For hebookcasehown t right, hichtotalsoughly4boardeet, ou houldpurchase7 o 20 boardeet f% umberinaddi t iono heplywoodor heback fthecase. sshown elow,cutt ingistshou ldnc ludehename f he ompo-nent,hequant i ty ,hedimensionsfeachpiece,nd hewood pecieselectedortheproject.or onvenience,ssignachpiece kev etteror ater eference,

CUTTINGlSTPiece

ATop

B Bottom

CSide

DFixedhelf

EAdjustablehelves

FBack

Qtv.

1

IaZ

1

1

Adjuotableehelf

Th .

1 u

1',

1 u

1 u

1 u

Y" '

w.10'

10'

10"

10'

10'

24',

L.

23Yo'

23Yo'

4z',

23%'.

zL-k

42',

Material

ash

as h

asn

as h

asn

plywood

Boardeet

1 . 6

1 . 6

5 .8

1 . 6

3 .0



LUMBERDEFECTS

T umberdefects ay educe board's

L.i strength r workability r mar ts

appearance.r, n thehandsof a cre-

ativewoodworker, omedefectsmay n

factbecomeisual ssets,ransformingan ordinary iecento a work of art.

DEFECTSNWOOD

Mostdefects,owever,re ndimin-ishedrouble. lthoughomemayresultfromdamageo hestandingree r helumber ut rom t, hegreatestumber

ofdefectsre roducedy rregularry-ingof hewood.

The chartbelow llustrates omeof

themostcommondefects nd details

theway n whichmostcanbe correct-

ed;with diligentuseof theband saw

even hemostseriouslyupped oards

canbesalvagedpage1).

CHARACTERISTICS

Appearssa whorl ncircledysoundissue. ormedsgirth f ree ncreases,raduallynvelopingranch.ivebranchesntegrateith urroundingood,esultingn

tight nots; ead tubs annotntegrateith urroundingtissue,ormingead r oosenots.

Anaccumulationn hesurfacef heboard r n pocketswithinheboard. suallyevelopshen ree as uf -fered n njury, xposureo ire, r nsect ttack.

REMEDIES

Tight nots anbecutoutorused,asappearanceictates;ead rloose notsmustbe emovedbefore orking ithstock.

Donotuse tockf a qualityf in ishs equired,sgumwil lbleedhrough ostinishes.

Crook

ffilJ---------/Twist

.-'-t-ZY--t'--Split

€

Lengthwiseupturesrseparationsn hewood, sually Can ecutoff '

causedy apid rying. ay ompromisetrengthndappearancefboard.

Anend-to-endurve longhe ace, suallyausedyimpropertoragef lumber.ntroducesnternal tresses

in hewoodhatmaket diff iculto cut.

Anedge-to-edgeurve crosshe ace.Commonntangentiallyutstock, rboardsutcloseo hepith,

if one ace f a board as ess ontact ith heair hantheother.

End-to-endurve longheedge, ausedy ncorrectseasoningrcuttingheboard loseo hepithof a ree.Weakenshewood,makingt unsuitableorweight-bearingpplications.

Unevenr rregulararpinghen ne orners notalignedith heothers. esultsrom nevenrying r

a cross-grainatternhat s notparallelo heedge.

Similarochecks,ppeartngsseparationslonghegrovuthings. lso nown s ing heck r ing hank.Resultsrom mproperryingfwood r elling amage.

Flatten owed oards n hejointer,rcut nto horterieces,

thenuse he ointer.Cuppedoardsanbesalvagedon heband aw page1)orflattenedn he ointer.

Board anbesalvagedy ointing

and ipping asterom heedges.Crookedoardsemain nstable,andmay otstain r inishwell.

Boardanbe lattenedn ointer,

orcut nto horteroards.

Boardanbeused, utsplitmaymar heappearancef hewood,becomingore oticeablehenstainsapplied.

l 9



PREPARING TOCK

/l nce ouhave esignedproject nd\-rl purchasedhe umber, ou mustpreparehe stock,ointingandplaningit smoothandsquare,utting t to the

properdimensionsndsanding nysur-faceshat will be difficult o reachwhenthe work sassembled.

The proceduresou followdependon how he woodwassurfacedeforeyoubought t. For rough,unsurfacedIumber, irst smoothone aceon the

jointer, henoneedge, roducingwoadjoining urfaceshatareat 90o o eachother.Next,plane he other aceof the

board o make t parallel o the fWhen he stocks quareandsmyouare eadyto ip it to widthandccut t to length.

ForS2Sumber,whichhasalrhadboth acesurfaced,ou needjoint oneedge crosshe ointer,

cut o width and engh.S4S tockall oursurfacesressed,anbe ripandcrosscutmmediately;nly surthatwill begluedogethermustbe oed.Before luingup anypart ofyproject, emembero sandanysurthatwillbehard o reach fter sse

A jointerproduces smooth,even

edgeon a hardwoodboard.For bes

results, eta cutting depthbetween

Vtaand t/einch.

SURFACINGUMBER

lointingboardSl idehe enceowardheguard,f necessary,o ensurethatnoportion f hecutter nives i l lbeexposeds heworkpieceassesverhem. ay heworkpieceace-downon he nfeedable few nchesrom heknives. ut t tsedge gainsthe ence,henplacewopush locksquarelyon ts ace, enteredetweenheedges.Use ush lockswithoffset andleso preventour andsromhitt inghe

fence.) eedheboard lowlynd teadi lycrosshekni(above)pply ingownwardressuren heoutfeedidtheknives nd atera l ressurega ins the ence.Whework ing i th ong tock, r ing our e f thando hebaof heworkpiecehen our igh t and assesheknivWhen ne ace sdone,o in t heboard dge sshownntheohoto bove.




PlaningtockSet hecut t ingeptho %onch. tand

toone ide f heplanernduse oth

handso eed hestock arefu l lynto

themachine.ncehe eedmechanism

gr ipsheboard ndbeg inso pu l l t

acrosshecutterhead,upporthe rail-

ing nd o keept f a ton he ab le

hbove). henmoveo the outfeed

side f heplanero supporthework-

prece ithboth ands ntil t clearshe

outfeedoller. opreventhestockrom

warpingnuse, void laningnly neface;nstead,lanehe ame mount

of woodrom oth ides

)HO? TI?galvaging upped toakon he bandeawYou anoalvageupped oardo einqNhe and aw, adial rm eaw, r tableeaw o riVVinqNhehockinNoarrowerboarde.f youareueinqhe bandeaw

as ehown ere,neNallourwideet'bladeand a rip ence.The arrow-er Nhewidlhof cuI,I 'he laNt'erhereeultin boarde.5 el Nhe oardconvexhiqh) ideupon he Iableand,bul5inq heboardaqainetthe fence,eed t eteadily nbothe blade, inishhe paeewiNhpueh tick.Kemoveny emaininqhiqhopoteon he ointer.

llll

@illl tilllllil]lllljllllll ]llllllll llllll ll1lll llllll

2 l



CABINETMAKINGBASICS

DIMENSIONINGT(]CK

Rippingboardn he able awSet heblade eight bout% nch boveheworkpiece.osi-

tion he ip enceor hewidth f cut, hen ushhestockntotheb lade,o ld ingt i rm ly ga ins the ence i th oure f thand nd eedingheboard ithbothhumbsabove).Iandsl ightlyoone ide f heworkpiecend traddlehe ence

with our ight and, akrngertainhat ei therands n wrthheblade. eep ushingheboard nti l heblade utthrought completely.okeep ouringersrom ominglothan inchesromheblade,se push ticko completpass.Caution:lade uard artiallyetractedorclarity.)

Crosscuttingtock

Wrthheworkpieceush ga ins themiter auge,l ignhecutt ing ark i ththeblade. osit ionhe ip ence el l wayfrom heend f hestocko preventhecut-off ieceromamminggainsthebladend ick ingackowardou.Hookthe humbs f both ands verhemitergaugeoholdhe tock rmly gainsthegaugend la ton he able,hen eedtheboardnto hebladeright).Caution:Blade uard artiallyetractedorclarity.)




llllllllll lllllllllllljl]lll lllll lt ll lll lll Il llllt1HO?TI?Making repeatcuts with thelable ea wTocut,severalboarde o NheeamelenqNhnNhe ablesaw,

6crewa boardLolhe milerqauqeae an extene ion,nour inqNhat oneende>lvendseYondhesawblade. ueh 'hemiberqauqe 'o

cut,intol'heendof the e>l1ension.Turnffthe

eaw ndmark 'he enqlhof cut on he erteneion.

Using belt ander

Clamp stop locko awork urfaceokeephestockrommoving.nsta l l

sandingelt nd rapehepowerord

over our houldero keept outof he

way.With hesandingirectionarallel

to hewood rain,urnon he ool nd

slowlyowert onto hesurfaceabove)

Some oodworkersreferoset he ool

f aton heworkpieceeforetartingt.

Ineither ase, ovehemachinelong

thegrain ith ong, verlappingtrokes

unt i l hesurfaces smooth.oavold

gouginghesurface,eephesanderf atandalways oving;onot et he

machineausen one pot.

Al iqn woodblockwi|h'hemarkand clamp N n p. lace

ae-aolop block. o ineup oachcul, bulN' lheendof

vheworkpieceqainet' he lock ndmakeNhe ut'

ANDING

23



CABINETMAKINGOINERY

J. dardoineryechniquesommonto thebuilding f virtually nystyle fcgline1r bookcase.fyouare singol-

hissectionntroduces ome tan-

idumberoryourproject,ouwillmakeup hewide anelsor hecarcaser he

panel f a rame-and-panelssemblybygluing oardsogetherdge-to-edge,sshown elow. his echniquenablesyou o savemoney-wideboards reprohibitivelyxpensive-withoutacri-ficing trength;glued-upanels ustasstrong sasingle iece f umber.fyouareworkingwith plywood anels,hardwoodanding ill hideunsightlyedgespage 5).

Of hedozensfjoinery ptions,hethroughdovetailoint remainshebenchmarkf craftsmanship.heoint

The late, r biscuit,ointffirs a strongandsimplemethod f connectingar-case orners ith a minimumofset-up

time.Theslots recutwith a specialtoolknownasaplateoiner.Once lueisaddedo theslots,valbiscuitsf com-pressedeech re nserted.When hejoint isgluedand assembled,hebiscuitsswell, reating durable onnection.

canbecut ona variety fpowerools,but hehand-cuttingechniquehownstarting npage 6will give ou hedis-tinctiveookassociatedith ine urni-

ture.A plateoint,shown eginningnpage29, s a muchquicker ption.Althought lackshedovetail'ssthet-ic appeal,heplateoint is virtuallyasstrong nd sanexcellenthoicefyouareworkingwithp\nvood anels,which annot e oinedwithdovetails.Whicheverointyouchoose,ourcar-

case ill needa back.nstallation eareprovided npage 1.

Many ypes f cabinets,ncludinarmoireshownon page60, areb

around rame-and-panelssemrather hancrcrses.Twooineryoptfor buildingsucha cabinet represed: hemortise-and-tenonpage 3thecope-and-stickoint (page 5)panelsor a frame-and-panelabcan be raisedon either he table(page6) or router(page S).

GLUINGPA PANET

1

Applyingheglue

r Set wobar lamps na work ur facend ay heboardsn op.Adoasmaclampss ou eedosupporthepiecest24- o 36-inchntervals.ropthe ramonnotchedood lockso keephemrom alling ver.Markheendgrain rientatofeach oard ith pencil,hen rrangehepiecesoenhanceheir ppearancesshownn hephoto npage 3.Tominimizearping,ake ureheend rain fadcentboardsunsn oppositeirections.nce ouhave satisfactoryrrangemealignhepiecesdgeto-edgendmark trianglen hestocko help ouassembleboardstglue p.Next, ut woprotectiveood ads t east s ong s heboarLeavinghe irstboardace own, tandheother iecesnedge ith healignmmarksacing wayrom ou. pply hinglue eado each oardabove),nen sa small, tiff-bristledrushospreadheadhesiveventv.




llltll lllllllll lllill ll lll llllillllllllillll lllllJlll

1HO?Tt?Addingedgemoldingto plywoodCoiceal he vieible dqee fplywood anelewilh eolid'woodmoldin7. oea I'ongue-and-grooveoint' o )oin hepieceo. UIa qroovenNolhe ed4eone-t'hird s Nhicka e N h e a n e l . Th e na wamatchi iq onyueon he edqe

of lhe hardwood oard hat'wi l lbe sed slhe edqemold-inq. lN s besl 'o make 'he

r) Tighteninghe lamps

L Setthe oardsace own,making

surehesides f he rianglelign. ight-

en hec lamps nderheboardsus t

enoughopresshemogether.nstallthird lamp crosshe opof hestock,

centeringt betweenheothers.radual

tighten ll heclampsabove)ntilhere

arenogaps etweenheboardsnd

a hinbead fglue queezesutof hejo ints. se Cclampo evel djacent

boardshatdonot ieperfectlyushwith

each ther. rotectingheboardsitha

wood ad, enterheclamp n he otnt

nearheends nd ightent unt i l he

boardsre evel inset) ,hen emove

theclamp ndpad.Use putty nifeoremovesmuch f hesqueezed-ou

glue spossibleeforet dries. ncehe

adhesiveas ured,emoveheclamps

anduse patnt crapero removeny

gluehat emains.

lhe 7roove nd onLhe onque.gecurehe moldinqn7lacewilh

Nhree-waylampo.

25




HAND.CUTOVETAILS

'l 0utl ininghepinsI Markheoutsideace f each oard itha bigX, hen eta cutt ingaugeo he hicknessf hestock nd cribe inearoundheends f he our anelsomarkhe houlderf hepins nd ai ls . he anelshatwil l ormhe opand ottomfthecarcasei l lbe hepinboards.ecureach ne n urn na vise nduse dovetailquareo ouflinehepins n heends

of heboardn hesequencehownbove.you an lso seslidingevelto arkhepins; etanangle f :6 forsoftwoodor1 :8 orhardwood.)Therere o i rm uidel inesors iz ingand pac inghepins f a doveta i lo in t . ngenera l ,hepins

r) CuttinghepinsZ- Securehe rstpinboardna v isewrth tsoutsideace owardou.Usedovetai laivo cutalongheedges fthepins, ork ingrom ne ide f hepanelo theother right). ome ood-

workersind t easiero cutal l he ef t-hand dgesirst, nd henmove n othe ight-handdges.or ach ut,alignthesaw lade ith hewasteide f hecuttingine nduse mooth,ven trokes,takingareo keepheblade erpendic-ularo hepanel ndasyou ut o heshoulderines. epeatheprocedurettheoppositendof heboardndatbothends f heother inboard.

shouldenowiderhanhe a i ls ; venlypacedins t eone{hirdhe ize f hewasteect ionsroundhemwil lmaforanat t rac t ive,t rongoint .Begin i thhal f -p inst eaedge,makingertainhat henarrowides f hepins retheoutsideace f hepanel. utl inehewasteectionsesthehalf-pinsndmarkhecenterf hepanel nd.Oufl inpinat hecenter ark,henmarkhe emainingins aboright),ndicatingll hewaste ections ithXs.Use comnationquareo extendhemarks owno heshoulderineobothaces syou o.

thoulder

1

Waate Center



CABINE,TMAKING ASICS

llll llj ]lllll lll l[ lll ]il lll lll llJll tjilll i[ tlil Il ll

9HO7Tt?Cuttin7 awaywaolewith a aopingsawA copinq awworKea s w e l l s a ch ie e l

Q Chisel ingut hewaster-J Mostof thewastewoodbetweenhe

pins anbe emoved i tha coping aw,

asshownn heshop ip below,eaving

the nalpar ingora ch ise l . owever ,t

i s notmuchmore i f f cu l t o ch ise l ut

al l hewaste. hekey s o workpatient-

ly , emovinghin s l i vers f woodwith

each ut ,us i ng ch i se l ow ider han

the narrow ideof thewaste ection. et

thepinboard uts ide- facep ona work

sur facendclamp guide lock n op

wi th heedge l igned i th heshoulderl ine.Hold inghechise l evel -outgains

theguide lock ndperpendicu laro he

face f heworkpiece,t r i kehehandle

wi tha wooden al leto score %- inch-

deep ut (above,eft) .Then ut from he

endof the boardo shave ff a %-inch

layerof wasle above, rght).Continue

removinghewaste nt i l ouareabout

halfwayhroughhestock.Once ouhave

removedll hewasteromonesideof

theboard,urn t over,eposit ionheedge

of heguide lock i rect ly verheshoulder ine, nd emovehewasterom he

other ide.

for c lear ing wayNhebulkof the wast'ewoodbetweenNhepine.WiNh

Nhepaneleecuredupr i4h l na v iee, land fac inq he ouN-

s ide ace of NheVanel nd ol ide

the saw blade nto t 'he kerl beeide

each pin, Kolale lhe frame wit 'houL

eNr ik ina heend of Lhe boardand cuNout '

ae muchwaet 'eao yoDcan whi lekeepinqhe

bladeaboul / ,a nchabove 'heshoulder ine.Cul

unNi lou each lheker t nLhe dqe f t 'he d lacentpin.Dse chieelo pareaway ny emaininqasLe.




()utl iningnd uttinghe ailsMark houlderines n he ai lboardssvou idon he

pinboards,e tone f he ai lboardsuts ide- faceown na work ur facend lamp gu ide lock longheexposedshou lderine . hen, s ing handscrewnd lamps,xonepinboard nendagainstheguide lock i th tsouts ideaceawayrom he ai lboard , ake ureheedges re l i gned,then ut l i nehe ai ls above,ef f ) . epeatheprocedure

o n h eoppos i t endo f h eboa r d n don heo the ra i lpanel ,hen emovehe lampsnd se combinationquare

to ex tendhe ines n toheends f heboards. ark l lwasteectionsi thXs.Use dovetai lawo cut he ai lssame ay ou ut hepins step ). For omewoodwoanglinghe board above,ight) atherhan hesawmaKforeas ieru t t i ng .nei ther ase , aw mooth lyndevea l ongh ee d g e f eac ha i l , t opp i ngt hes hou l de riOnce l l hesaw utshave een adenbothai lpane

removehewaste i th chisel ra copingaw.

f, Gluingp he arcaser.,l Dry-assemblehecarcaseeforelue p o ensurehejointsit properly.ressach ornerogetheryhand s aras twi l lgo,henap hepiecesnto inal osit ionith hemallet, rotectinghewood itha scrap oard.f a oint stoo rght,markhespotwheret binds,hen isassemore

thecarcasendpare xcessood t hemark. nce ouare atisfiedith he it, ake are f heotherequirementsof hecarcase,uch s nstall ingback anelpagej) orpreparinghesidesorshelvingrdrawers.or lue p,makeourwood ads s ong s hewidth f hepanelsndcutsmallriangularotchesn hepads o hey nly onractthe ai ls . pread hin, venayer fglue nal l he on-tactingurfaces,hen ssemblehecarcasend nstallwobar lampscrosshepinboards.ightenheclampslittle ta ime ntil small mountfglue queezesutofthe oints rghf).

?in board

X



CABINETMAKINGBASICS

ASSEMBLINGCARCASEITHPLATE()INTS

r) CuttingheslotsL m" setup hownbove i l lal low ou ocutall he l otsor

one arcaseorner i thout ovinghepanels.eavingside

panel utside-faceown,et he oppiece utside-facepon

topof t .Of fsethe oppanel y he tockhickness,aking

surehematinglot ocation arksn he wopanelsre er-

fect ly l igned.lamphep iecesnp lace nd e t suppor t

boardhesamehicknesss hestockn ront f hepanels.

Fol lowhemanufacturer'snstruct ionsorsett inghedepth f

1 Markinghe lotocations

I l d e n t i f yh eo u t s id ea ce f e a chpanel i th nX, henmarkocationines

for heslots neach f he our orners.Tostart, lace ne ide anelutside-face

d o w n na w o rk u r f a cen dh o ld h e

toppanel ta 90' angleo t.Use pen-

c i l omarkines n head jo in ingane ls

abou|2nchesn rom ach orner; ake

a thirdmarkmidwaylongheedgeleft).

W id e ra n e l si l l e q u i r ed d i t i o n a li s -

cu i t s ; n g e n e ra l ,h e re h o u ldeo n e

b iscu i tve ry to 6 inches. epeathe

p r o c e d u r eo m a r k l o t o c a t i o n sn

the otherhree ornersf heca rcase

Add eferenceetterso help ou denti-fy hecorners.

cuton heplateoiner, esthe ool n hesupportoard,utt

its aceplategainstheend f he oppanel,nd lignheguide

line n he aceplateitha slot ocation ark n hestock. he n

cuta slotat eachmarkabove,eft).Iocut hemating lotsn

the ide anel,utt he oiner'sase late gainsthe oppan-

e land hen l ignhe enteru ide l inen hep la te i th s lo t

location ark above,rght).

/ " : .

29



CABINETMAKINGBASICS

Gluingp he arcase

F i t he opandbo t tom ane ls nthes idepane l nd henapp ly dhes ivei n hes lo ts nda long he pane l nds ,insert ingiscui ts syougo.Add heoth-er s ide panel r ight) . urning he car-case n end,use wo barclampso press

the op and bottom anelsogether ndt ightenheclamps xact ly syouwould

when lu ing p a ca rcase i thdove ta i l

lotnIs page 8),Ihis ime using tandardwoodpads o protecthe stock.

QInsertinghebiscuits

r-,1 Once ll the slotshave een ut,f i t the panels ndcuta backpanel fis partof yourdesign page 1),or m

ready or she lves r d rawers . heonesidepanel uts ide-faceown nwork urface ndspread lue n thesandalonghe panel urface,nsert i

brscui ts syougo ( le f ) . o preven

wooden afersromexpanding efothepane ls reassemb led .roceed

s tep asqu ick l y sposs ib le .



CABINETMAKINGBASICS

INSTALLINGBACK ANEL

r ) Squar inghecornels

L t lsea penci l nda st ra ightedgeo

m ar k qua r e o r ne r s t t he r ounded

ends f he abbets. s ing ' l - inchor

widerwood h ise l , t r ikehe oolwi th

a woodenmallel above).utting o the

deoth f he abbet . esure hechise l

beve laces he ns i de f heca r case .

' l Routingrabbetor hepanel

I Drv-assembleheoanelsnd et hecarcasena work ur-

facewith tsbackacing p;holdhepiecesogethersing

bar lamp i th uppor toards.ns ta l l%- inchabbet ingi tw i th ba l l -bear ingi lo t nd d justhedepth fcu t omake

a rabbethatw i l lbe ' lo nch eeperhanhe h icknessf he

back ane iouw i l lbe nsta l l ing .ta r t ingtone ornerf he

carcase,esthe outer'sase late n hesupportoard i th

thebit ust lear f heworkpiece.old inghe outerirmlyn

both ands,urn n he ool nd uidehebit ntohepanel.nce

thepilot earingeetshestock,ull he outergainsthedirec-

t ion fbit otat ion,eepinghebase late at.When ou each

thecorner,urnoff he ool, eposit ionhesupportoard nd

cut abbetslongheedgesf he emain ingane lso l lowing

thesame rocedure/eft).

2 Instal l inghepanel

rJ Insta l l inghepanel ur ing lueupof hecarcase i l lhe lp eep heassembly

square. uta piece f p lywoodo f i t snuglynto he rabbets. lueup he carcase

and , t hesam e i m e ,app l y t h i nbead f g l ue l onghe abbe t sndon he on -

tact ing urfacesf he plywood.preadheglueevenly,et hepaneln posit ion,nd

use in ish ingai ls to ecuret at 4- to 6- inch ntervalsbove) , ou analso lueup

thecarcaseeparate ly ,et headhesivery,and hen nsta l lhepanel .

\\-

\

J I




FRAME.AND.PANEL(lNSTRUCTI()N

Frame-and-panelabinets ay arywidelyn heir etai ls,utal lshareev-

eral eatures:heassembliesre om-prised f rames aderom tiles ndrails, ndpanelshat it into roovesnthe rame. typicalront nd ide ec-tion sshown elow t right. oprovideaccesso he nsidef hecabinet,hefront requentlyas frame utnopan-el.This ne eaturesmedianai lwithopeningsora door nda drawer.hetwomissingssembliesould esimi-lar o heside ssemblyhown;ach asa frame nda panel .n his ase,he

sides ould hareti les i th he rontandback ssemblies,l lowinghe ai lsto it intobothheedgesnd aces fthest i les.

Bottomsre ypical ly t tachedothe rame y edger trips r et ntogroovesut n he nside dges f heframe.ops anbeattached ithwoodbuttonshat it in groovesn he rame,orwithmetalasteners,edgertrips, rpocket oles.

The womost ommonoints sedn

frame-and-panelonstructionre hemortise-and-tenonhownn he llustra-t ionand hecope-and-stick.hemor-tise-and-tenonrovidesrelativelyargegluing rea,makingt a very trongoint.

Two ariationsreemployedn he ypi-calcabinet: l indmortise-and-tenonsjoinmedianai ls nd t i les, hi lehehaunchedersions usedo i l l hegroovend, l iminatingheneedorstoppedrooves.he ope-and-sticksnotquite sstrong, utoffers naddi-

tional ecorativeouch. he outer itthatcuts hegroovesor hepanel lsocarves decorat iveoldingn heinside dges f he rame. tep-by-steptechniquesorproducingheseointsare hownn hissection:hemortise-and-tenonstartingnpage 3 and he

cope-and-sticknpage 5. Whateverthe oint , abinetmakerseneral lyui ld

framesrom tockhat sat east% nchthickand2 inches ide. argertockcan lso eusedosui t hedimensionsof a particularroject.

The anelshat i t nsidehe ramescanbemade ither fplywoodredge-glued oardspage 4).Toensurehata panel ill it snuglyn hegroovesfthe a i ls nd ti les, ut t i l lhave i t t leroomo move s hewood xoandsndcontracts,t ismade ubstant ial lyhin-

ner n heedgeshan n hemiddThe hape f such so-calledais

panelsachievedycutting wayhness t heedges.

There re everalays f makinraisedanel ,ependingn he iseffect oudesire. common ethshown eginningnpage 6, nvobevelingheedges f hepanel ittable aw r outer.

The tepsorgluing p ndividuframe-and-panelssemblesandcanets re hown npage 9.

AI{ATOMYFA FRAME.AI{D.PANELABIT{ET

RailF ovideahorizontalaup-pori at top and bottomof cabinet

StileVerticalcompo-

nent of frami,e

PanelSolid woodpiecethat fits intoqroove-typically% nchdeep-ininoideedqeaofframe;aan be flat

with edqeo abbet-ed or beveledonfouroifufn"raige"centerofthe panel




OINTS

O Cuttinghe enon houldersZ m" shouldersorboth l ind ndhaunchedenonsanbe

cuton he able aw. or hebl indenons,eavehecut t ing

width nchangednd et heheight f hedado eadoabout

Y, nch.With he ail ush gainsthe enc e nd hemitergauge,eed heworkpiecenedgento heblades.urn he

railover nd epeat n heother ideof he enon abovd.

Cut heshou lderst heopposi tendof he a i l hesame

1 Cuttinghe enon heeksn he ails

I For oth l ind ndhaunchedenons,tart y

ins ta l l i ngdado ead nyourab le aw hat s

slightly iderhan he ength f he enons-often3/oinch.Then ttach nauxiliaryence nd aisehe

bladesocuta clearanceotchn t.Set hewidth

of cutequalo he enonength nd hecut t ingheighto one-thirdhestockhtckness.eedhe

workpieceace-down,utt ingheend gainsthe

fence nd heedge gainsthemiter auge.urn

the ai lover nd eoeathecuton heother ide(left).TesIhe enonna scrap iece fwood ith

a mort isehesame idth s hoseo becut n he

stiles page 4);adJustheheight f hedado ead

and epeathecuts, f necessary.ut he emaining

tenon heekseforeroceeding.

way. or hehaunchedenons,se hesame utt ing eight

and u tone hou lders or heb l indenons,hen os i t ion

the enceo eave haunch qualn width o hedepth f

thepanel rooven heother houlder. i th hestock n

edge, se he enc e nd hemiter augeo eed t intc he

bladesinsef). epeato cut hehaunch n heother nd

of heboard.

33




RoutinghemortisesClamp ll hesti lesogetherace o ace, nds l igned,nd

use ne f heblind enonsut n step tooutlinehemortiseson hest i les. ocuteachmortise,ecurene t i le n a v ise.

Install commercialdgeuide

naplunge

outer,hen crewa wood xtensionnto heguide. it he outer itha straightbi t hesame idth s hemortisend et hecutt ing epth.Centerhebitoverhemortiseut l inendbutt heextensionagainsthesti le.Grippinghe outerirmly,urn t onandplungethebit into hestock right).Movehe ool romoneendof hemortiseo heother,makingsmany assessnecessaryocompletehecut o he equiredepth. epeato routheothermortises,hen quareheends f hecavities itha chisel.

Cuttinghegrooves

On he ails nd ti les f eachrmarkhe ocationf hegrooveshahold hepanel. eavehestraight ingbit n he outer , ounthe oola table, ndadjusthecutting eptaboutYznch. enterheedge f a s

on hebi tandbutt he ence gaithestock. lamp featherboardo ttableo hold heworkpiecegainsfence nd eedhestock ithboth amakingureopresshestile lush gthe ence /eff). ompletehepassa push tick. ocutgroovesn hesfaces, eephe encen hesametion,but eposi t ionhe eatherbonecessary.ext, ou an utand athepanelspage 6).




A COPE.AND.STICKABINET

r) Cuttinghegrooves

Z Replacehecoping itwitha pilotedticking it-also

known sa stile utter. oset hecutting epth, utt heend

of hecompletedai lagainsthebit ,and djusthebitunti l

oneof itsgroove-cuttingeeth s evelwith he ail ongue(above,eft).Alignhe encewith heedge f hepilotbearing.

Usewo eatherboardsosecureheworkpieceuringhecut:

1 Cuttinghe onguesn he ailsI Begin onstructingcope-and-stickframe ycuttingonguesn heends f all

the ails.After hat, outgroovesor hepanelslonghe nside dges f he ramepieces;hegroovesn hestiles illaccom-modatehe ail onguest hesameime.Tocut he ongues,nstall pilotedopingbit-the railcutter-inyour outer ndmount

the ool n a table. et hecutting epth y

buttingheendof a railagainsthebitan dadjustinghe outer'septh etti ng o hatthe opof heuppermostuttersslightlyaboveheworkpiece.ositionhe ence ar-

allel o hemiter augelotand n inewith

theedge f hebitpilot.Fit hemiter augewithanextensionnd ay heoutsideaceof hestocklaton he able; eepheendsof heworkpiecendextensionutted gainstthe ence hroughoutach ut(left).

Clamp ne o he ou terable ppositehe bit andsecurehe

other n he nfeed ide f he ence.ln his llustration,he

secondeatherboardasbeenemovedorclarity,) ake ach

cutwith hestock utside-faceown, ressingheworkpiece

againsthe ence above,ight).Usea push tick o complete

thepass. epeathegrooveutonall he ails nd tiles.

Miter qaugeextension

i /- \

\//' - .-

Rail

Copin4bit

35




RAISINGPANEIWITH TABLEAW

r) Cuttingith hegrain

1 Set hepanel nedge nd eed tin to heb lade,hen urn hepanel verto cut he emainingdge nghf) . oguide locksneededor hese uts, uttake areo keephebacklush gainstthe ence. uttingntoheend rarnf hepanel rst-bevel inghe opandbottombeforehesides-helpseduceearout.

1 Cuttingheend rainI Test-f i the ai ls nd t i les ndmsure heopeningetweenhem.AdY, nch o each imens ion; ncheach anelidewil l i t nto hegrooin he rame. hen ut hepaneloson he able aw. odetermineheblangleor aisinghepanel ,raw %-squaret hebottomorner,henmaa l ine rom he rontace f hepanthroughhe nsideorner f hesquto a point n hebottom dge% ncfrom hebackace inset). oldhepelagainstnauxi l iaryoodence n

adjustheblade ngle nt i l t al ignsthemarkedine. djustheheightf cutt ingdge nt i l heoutsiderpofotooth xtendseyondhe ace f hepel , hen lamp guide locko hewpieceo r ide longhe opof he enFeedhepanelntoheblade,eepii t lush gainsthe ence hi le ushforward ith heguide lock lef\.f ef i t hecutend n a groove.f lessha% nch f hepanel ntershegroovethe ence i t t le losero heblade

make notherass. epeathecutat other nd f heoanel .




A JIGFOR UTTINGAISEDANETS

The igshown t r igh t i l lenab leyou o raise panel n he able aw

without avingo i l t hesaw lade.

Refero he llustrationorsuggest-

eddimensions.Screwhe ipalonghebottom

edge f heangledence,making

certaino positionhescrews here

theywi l lnotbestruck y heblade

whenhe ig sused. eanheangled

fence gainstheauxi l iaryence t

thesame ngle s hecutt ingtne

markedn hepanelpage 6l (Use

a sliding evelo ransferheangle.)

Cut riangularupportso it between

the wo ences nd astenhem n

olace ithscrews.Tn rsehe ip set t on hesaw

tablewith heseam etweenhe ip

and heangledence verheblade;

checko besurehescrewsrewell

c lear f he able pening.osi t ionthe ip ence gainstheauxi l iaryfence,hen crewhe wo ogether.Turn n hesaw nd rank p heblade lowlynto he ig o cuta kerfthroughhe ip.Turn ff hesaw, eatthepaneln he igandadjustheblade eight nt i l heoutsideipofone ooth xtendseyondhe rontface f heoanel. ake est utona scrap oardhesamehicknessstheoanel.hen est- f i thecutendin agroove.epositionheblade rfence,f necessary.hen, lacehepaneln he igandmakehecuts,bevelingheendgrainirst /eff).

An4ledfence

12" 30"

Auxrliaryfence

9" x 30"

LIP1 1 " x 3 0 "

N

37




MAKINGRAISEDANEL ITH ROUTER

1 Settingp he outerI Instal l panel-raisingi t nyourout-er

andmounthe ool na able. oensurethat hecutt ing epths uniform,osi-tion he ence arallelo hemiter auges lo t nd n i newi th hebi tp i l o t .Wi ththe outerurned ff,adjusthe ence yplacingscrap oard longhe ence ndacrosshebit.Thebitpilot houldurnasthe boardouchest (right). tartwitha %-inch-deeputso hat ouwil l eachyourinaldepthn woor more asses.

r) Raisinghepanel

L Lowerheguard verhebitand uon he outer .ominimizeearout,theendgrain f hepanel rst.Worcaref l ly ; panel-raisingit sonethemore angerousouter i tsbeca

of he arge mount f stockhat t removes i theach ass. eephepanf laton he able uts ide- faceownf lush gainsthe ence syou eed tacrosshe biI (left).Repeathe cutat other ndandalong oth ides. urnthe outer nd est-ft one nd na fragroove.f thepanelies esshan% ndeepn hegroove,ncreasehecuttindepth l ightly ndmake notherasal laround.ont inuen hismannernthepanelitsproperly.



CABINETMAKINGBASICS

FRAME.AND-PANELABINET

1 Gluingpa singlessembly

I Test-assemblehe rame-and-panelabove,eft). l a

s oo ight , isassemblehep iecesnd se ch ise l

o pare way ome ood. nce ouare at isf iedith he it ,

and ny ur faceshatw i l lbed i f f icu l to reach henhe

rame as een lued p,and preadlue na l l hecontact -

ing ur facesf he o in ts . onotapp ly ny dhesiven he

panel rooves;hepanelmust e ree o move ithinhe

frame. eassemblehe rame nd et t face o wn n wo

bar lamps,l ign inghebars i th he a i l s , okeephe

clamps om a l l ing ver , rophem p n notchedlocks .

Usrnglampinglockso pro tecthestock,igh tenach

clampn urnun t i l h inbead fg lue queezesuto f he

loinIsabove,ight).Checkhat hecornersreat 90oas

you o .Onceheadhesiveas r ied ,emoveny r ied lue

remain ingn hewood i th pa in t craper ,nd andhe

outsideurfaces.

r) Gluingp he abinetZ- Test- ft hecabinet ,d just ny l l - ft -

t ing oints, nd andhe nsideurfacesf

a l l hep ieces.pp ly lueo he o in ts-

excepthegrooveshatholdhepanels-

and ssemblehe abinet.hen, ith he

cabinetpright,nsta l lour ar lamps

runningrom rontoback verhe ai ls,

using ood adso protecthestock.

Tightenheclamps venly/eft) nt i l

a hinbead fglue

queezesutof he

jo ints. heckhat hecabinetssquare

bymeasur inghed is tanceetween

diagonalorners;he womeasurement

shoulde he ame.f not,nsta l lnextra

bar lamp crosshe ongerf he wo

diagonals,ettingheclamp1awsn hose

alreadynplace. ightenhe lamp nti l

thed iagona lsre qua l . nceheg lue

has ured,emovehe lampsnd crape

awav nv r ied dhesive.

Notchedwood black





hethertis asimplelywoodstructurer a custom-made

wall unit craftedromfinehard-wood, bookcaseerveswo unc-tions at once: t is an efficient

storageystem,ccommodatingbooksandother tems hataccu-mulaten mosthomes, nda finepiece f furnituren its own ight,ashandsomes he reestandingunitat eft.

Thebasic ookcasellustratednpage 2can eadaptedo storeust

aboutanything,romboundvol-umesochina, rystal,oys,ecords,compact iscs, ndvideocassettes.

BOOKCASE,

A lengthof molding s shaped na router able.

Fixed o thebase r the op ofthecarcase,

moldingprovides classicouch o a bookcase.

size ndweight f the tems t isintendedo hold.Shelves,or exam-ple,must eongenougho do heirjob,butnot so ong hat heywillsagn use.Shelvesanbe ixedn

place r adjustable.ach astsownadvantages.djustablehelving

Qage 5)permitsamore lexibleorganizationfabookcase'snteri-orspace,ut ixed helvespage 0)lendabookcasetructuraligidity.

Youhave onsiderablehoice fbuildingmaterials,oinerymeth-ods,and ornamentation henbuilding bookcase.hechaptethat ollows etailsheconstructionof abasic nit.Youmaywish oaddWith headdition f some pecial-

izedhardwarepage4),a imple ookcaseanbe ransformedinto ahomeenteitainmententerohouse elevisionndVCR, tereoomponentsndcomputerear. hisutilitarianversatilitymakeshebookcaseneof thewoodshop'sostpopular rojects.

Althoughheappearancef abookcaseay ary romone

unit o another,heprinciples f tsdesignemain onstant.Everybookcaseuststrike balanceetweentssize nd he

Becauseooks omen manyshapesnd sizes, ookcasesith

adjustablehelvesetain heirJlexibility ongafter heyare built.

Withall butoneof itsshelves ovable,hebookcaset left can

accommodatehe changing emands f agrowingcollection.

a acerameo strenghenhepiece ndsoftents ines page54).Molded asesnd eet page 6)can llow bookcaseo

harmonize ithotherpiecesf furniturehatwill surroundit. See age 9 or a simplemethod f stringing series fbookcasesogethernto awallunit.

Byputting our magination,kill,andpatienceo work,youwill beableoreaphe ewardsfbuilding inepiece fusefulurniture.

4 l



ANATOMYOF A BOOKCASE

|-\ espiteefinementsuch scrownIul and. asemolding,a face rameand urned eet,hebookcaset rightis basicallya carcase ith shelves.

Theprocedureor buildinga carcasecanbe oundbeginning npage24.Mostof theotherdetails f thebook-case,romtheshelveso the eet,arediscussedn thischapter. hecrownmoldingssimilaro the ype nstalledon hearmoire npage 6.

Design bookcaseo suit he temsit will store.Standardookshelves,orexample,reat east ncheseep nd9inches part;allowanadditional or 4inches f depthandheightoroversize

bools.Recordlbumseed13nchesnbothdepth ndheight. elevisions,ideorecorders,ndstereo quipmentmayrequire pto24inchesf depth.

Afteryouhavesettledon dimen-sions,decidewhich ypeof shelvingbestsuits ourneeds. hebookcasion thispageeatureshreeadjustable,or floating, helvesndone ixedshelf.Although he fixedshelfcannotbemovedncenstalled,t helpso snength-en hepiece nds essikelytosaghan

adjustablehelves.heoad heshelveswill haveobearshouldbeconsideredwhenchoosing aterialspage 3).Thethicker he umber, hestrongerheshelf.While -by-10pineor fir iseco-nomical,% hardwoodwill supportgreateroads.

Also ememberhata shelfweakensas t increasesn length.Shelveshataretoo,long renot ikelytobrealg ut heywill almostalwaysag.fyou areplan-ningabookcaseider han36 nches,considernsallingcleatsnderthemid-dleoftheshelvest heback r averti-calpartitionbetweenhem.

Foot

Qaoe



BOOKCASE

COMMONHETF ATERIATS

u/oHardwood Temperedhardboard

LJsedor heavier Conipooite, i7htwei7htshelf for

loadoand ahelf medium-to-heavyoadaand shelf

epaneup to epaneup to 36 inchea;eatures

4B inchba two layere of temperedhard-boardoandwichinqPiecee f 2-by-2 etock. Front edgecan berounded or decorativeeFfeot

ReinforcedoAhardwood %'inchplywoodL)aedor liqht-to-medium FormeAiumoadsand ahelf

loade.gpan for ahelveeein- ePane P o 32 inchee; p to

forced with 1-by-2 ipe can 42 incheo, f reinforcedwith

be up to 42 inches:without lipa.For enhanced PPear-

reinforcement,epan ahould ance, ront edqe ahouldbe

not exceed32 iiches concealedwith bandin4

AD'USTABIEHETFUPPORTS

Hidden adjuat'able euPPottWoodatripe with dowela hat fit in holea

drilled in eidepanele;etripe are concealedin blind rabbets routed in theunderside f the ahelf ?laetic

aupportowel

ffi--WWThreaded \fl,JS,

Adjuatable auppotteFlaced n drilled holea n aidea of bookcaEe;holedepth ia one-half he lenqthof aupport

r-_ri F-'s-$wr-1Pa))tc-an)-

WL*,*t.il-:j

e,eeve6uPPot-,Two- iecemetal-plateda uPPo t; sl eeveaare ineerfed nto holeadrilled n eidepan-eleandpaddlee re elippednto aleeves

euppot+Two-piece djuetableeupport; threaded partis inaerted into holeadrilled n eidepaneloand6UPpOrt6 re qcrewed

in to hold upohelf

at eachahelf ocation

to hold ehelvinqrnPEce

Zffi_'

ffiStandards and alipaTrack ehelvin4eyetem that featurea slotted verDi-cal etripo Lhat 6it in groovee outed in eidepanel;clipa ock nto alote at ahelf ocatione

( - . " . *



BOOKCASECCESSORIES

ff ooksarenot theonly tems om-I) monlystoredn a bookcase. it hthecommercialccessorieshown elow,youcaneasily rganizeecord lbums,

compact iscs, udio apes, ndvideo-cassettes.fyou intendyourbookcaseto house stereo ystem,elevision r

VCR,wireclipsandcord-hole lugs antame he angle f wiresandconnectorsthataccompanyhem.

Specialtytems ike runnerset you

slide helvesn andoutof thecarcase,providingeasy ccesso thecontents,whileswivel ttachmentsanbe nstalled

on a sliding helf r thebookcaseoa elevisionet,

Youcaneven lluminatehe nsiyourbookcase ith a cabinetigh

hideandprotecthecontents etintedglass r acrylic oors eldclby magneticatches.

Glaaa door hinge

)wivelinqhingeauaed or glaoadooroup to % nch hick;ocrewapreee eafetyplate aqainetqlaoeto hold t in place.

A SAMPLING)FSHETF ARDWARE

Cabinei lightUauallymountedout ofaight inaidecarcaoe;moaetehown a uaed o dieplav hi-na and qlaeewareaia iea-

Lureea 25-watt bulb

Wireclip9 elf- dheatve lipemount-ed inaide bookcaaeo holdwireaout of eiqht

Compact diac holderConaiateof two trackswith adheaivebacking ormounting o carcaee;modelahowncan hold upto 24 diace.)imilar hold-era for videocasaetteaandaudio tapea are available

f#*,ffite eniqly-in hole n book-

caae back;holdeand feedewireoout of carcaae

Magnetic door Iatch -a nd-plateUaedwithacrylicor 4laaad'ooraup o %a nch thick. Latch plateattachea to door and maqneticlatch ia mounted neidebook-case: atch holdoplate ma4neti-cally,keepinq oor cloeed



ADJUSTABLEHELVING

I lthough djustablehelvesonotcontributeo the strength f a

heydogive t greaterlexi-ou o adapto changing

organizepacemosteffi-t isunwiseomake bookcaseproviding t east ne ixed helf

igidity.Adjustablehelvesrecommonly

place ithwood, lastic,r met-page 3) hat it in

n thecarcaseides.hes o make ertainhat he ows f

reperfectlyligned. se com-helf-drillingig (below)r a

ig (page 6) o bore he

holes. ther ptionsnclude djustableshelf tandards,hicharemountedngroovesn theside anels,r shop-madecorner tripspage8).These redadoed

andattachedo the nterior orners fthebookcaseo holdup heshelving.

Madeof solidbrass,hesewo-piecehelf

supportsddan elegantouch o a book-

case. hesupports anbescrewednto

anyof the hreaded leeveslong he

side anels, ermitting heshelveso be

mounted t any heightn thebookcase.

HELFUPPORTS

1 Drillingolesor he leeves

I Thismountingystemequireswoparallelows f holeso

bedrilledn heside anelsf hebookcase.he ommercialig

shown bovel lowsou o bore oles t 1- inchntervalsnd

ensureshatcorrespondingoles ill beperfectlyligned. et

theside anelsnside-face-upna work urfacend lamphejig o heedgesfone anel;heholesanbeany istancerom

thepanel dges,utabout inchesn would ebest or hepanelshown. ityour lectricrillwith bit hesame iameter

as hesleevesnd nstall stop ollaro markhedrill ing epth

equalo hesleeveength. tartingt etther ndof one f hej ig 's ai ls, laceheappropriateushingn he irst o le f he

bushingarrier.The ushingeepshebitperfectlyquareo

theworkpiece.)oldinghedrilland arrier,orehehole. ore

a seriesfevenlypacedoles long oth ails. emovehe ig

and epeator heother ide anel,arefullyositioninghe ig

so hat heholes illbealignedith hosen he irstpanel.

45



BOOKCASE

r) Mountinghe leevesnd upportsl to instal lhreadedleevesi thoutdamaginghem, se s le eve-set t ing

punch. lacesleeven heend f hepunch ndpusht rmlynto ne f heholesna s ide anelabove).nserts leevento ach ole ou ri l led. nceyou avenstal ledl l he leeves,crewshel f upportsnto hesleevesteachshelf ocationinseil.

iluiI]lllllt iltjllllt illll lIj iltllllt ll ll1lt ll1HO?TI?A shop-madeahelt drilling igTheI-ehapediqehown erewillallowyou o borea rowof even-ly epaced olee s accu-ral,ely s a commercialig .Make he ig from 1-by-Z bock,beinq areful o ecrewhe fence

and arm Noqelher Na pertecN 0"angle.Marka l ine own hecenlerotNhe rmandbore olee tr2- inch nler-valoalonq t,wiLhhe eamebil youwould /,-use or threaded leevee.ouse he iq ,clamp t to a eidepanel i th he fencelamQ iT.oa etaepanelwt ln tne rcnce )bu| Ied aqaineN i lher end of the panelandthe marked enNerl ineincheen rom to edge.FiN ourdril l bit wiLh stop collar, oreNhe olee,and repoeiLionhe i7 for eachnew ow.



BOOKCASE

HIDDEN HELF UPPORTS

r) Preparingnd nstallinghe helvesI to concealheshelf upports,ut

b l ind abbetsneach helf .Mark ut herabbetsyposit ioningheshelf n he

supportsnd ut l in ingheirocat ionsntheundersidef heshelf . ut he ab-

bets sing router ttedwitha rabbeting

bitand quareheends i th chisel nda wooden allet. he abbetshould easdeep s he hicknessf heshelf up-ports. nce ll he abbetsave een ut,test-fitheshelfn he bookcaseright).

Use chiselo adjusthe abbets,f nec-essary,o ensure perfecti t thatcom-pletelyideshesupports.

1 Makingnd nstallingI theshelf upportsUse ig o bore olesor heshelf up-

porls page 5). lfake wosupports ershelf. ach ne sa hinwood trip bout1 inch ongerhan hegap etweenherows f holes; akehestripwide noughtohold dowel t each nd. %-inchow-elsare arge noughoraverageoads.)Tohelp ouposit ionhedowelsn hesupports,nsert dowel enternto achof woparalleloles ndpresshestripagainsthepoints. se he ndentationsfrom hecenterssstart ingointsordr i l l ingheholes. akeheholesn he

shelf upportshesame epth s heholesn he ide anels.lue owelsntotheshelf upportsnd, nceheadhe-s ive as r ied ,ns ta l lhem n he idepanelst heheighthat ouwant heshelf o resl left).

47



BOOKCASE

STANDARDSNDCTIPS

CORNERTRIPS

1 Makinghe ornertrips

I Dadoedornertriosnstalledn eachinsideornerllow ookcasehelveso beadjusted.ou anmakeour tr ipsroma s ingle - inch-wideoardhat s ongenoughoextendrom op o bottom f heinter ior.nstal ldado ead nyourablesaw nd et hewidth oualo he hick-ness f heshelf upportsouplan ouse.Determinehedesiredpacingf henotchesnd ut wodadoeshatdistanceapartna miter augextensionoard.Line p he eft-handado i th heblade

and crewheextensionoyour auge.0nedado hould eoffseto he ight;cuta 2-inch iece fshelf upporttockandpresst in io hat ado, heret wi l lserve san ndexingey.Buttone ndoftheworkpiecegainsthekey nd utyourirstdado. ut hesecondnd ubse-quent adoesymovinghepieceo heright nd ittinghe ast ado verhekey(r ight). henhedadoesre l lcut, iptheboardnto our - inchornertr ios.

Install inghe tandardsMetal tandardsnd l ips re mongsimplestccessorieso nstal lormoingadjustablehelvesna bookcasslottedtandards,r racks, re asteto he nsideaces f he ide anel

shelf-supportl ips re nsertedn hesat hedesiredeight. atherhan oing heshelveso accommodatehesdards,ecesshe racksngroovesutheside anels.nstal l dado ladeyourable aw nd ut woparallelroineach anel .he rooveshould ewide ndasdeep s hestandardsowidth fpanelhown,osition

hegro

about inchesn rom ach dge.Witpanelsnside-face-upna work urset hestandardsn hegroovesndthem nplace,r ivingcrewshrougpredrilledolesn he racksleft).Atclipso he tandardsteach helfoc

CIip

A^v



BOOKCASE

iltt l1llriltli llilll ll1lll ll llrllllll lll lltlll lll lll1HO? '?Jig for routinq evenlyopaceddadoestILachNheigehownh e re t o N h e b a se ?."'

VlaNe l your ..-rouler fo cui

----- -\i'-

l he dadoes n he

corner trripe f a ehelfeupVort yoNem.ThieNech'nique analeobe ueed o roul

r) Installinghe ornerttipsI and helf upportsPositionach tripna cornerf hebook-case, akingurehat hedadoesace

the nter ior,nd crewhestr ipso hesides t opandbottom, lace nextrafastenern hemiddle na al lbookcaseFor heshelf upports,easurehedis-tance etweenhe ront ndback f hebookcasendcut hesupportso f i t .

Make urehat hesuppor tsrewideenougho hold heshelvesroperly;est-f t hem o ensurehat hey t snuglynthedadoes/eft).

Preparinghe helvesAll our ornersfeach helfmust

benotchedo i t a roundhecornerstr ips. f termeasuringndmarking

each helfsecuret in a vise nd utout hecornersitha backsawbove),

a'doeeor fixeder,elreo.)iie tne baee----- -\--.from'/"-inchlywoodnd'thee?acerrom olid

----\12

wood. UN bit clearance ole hroughhe basean decrewI to the roufer.Make he widlh of Ihe o?acerg,quu,l,

--.-_-/

NoNhe iameter f the ot raiqhN iL ou willuseLo cul the dadoee.1crewhe opacer o Nhe oNlom f Lhe iq baeeeoNhe isf,ance e-tween l andNhe iI equaleNhe pacinq ouwanN eNweenhe dadoes.Cut, he firet,dadowilh he 6?acer idinq lonq 'heendof the work'

Viece. akeeubeequentuts wibhNhe Vacern 'heiuot'-cut' ado.

49



FIXEDSHELVES

f, ixedshelvesolster hestrucI ' integri ty f a bookcase,ut sthey cannotbe movedonce heinstalled,you need to give ca

thought to their location.Youmount fixedshelves uite simpscrewinghem o cleatshatare asto thebackandside anels. ourbcasewill be strongerandmore ative,however,f theshelvesreattato theside anels sing neof theery methods hownbelow.

Ifyou do not intend o addaframe oyourbookcase,emembesome f theseointswill concealhmaden thesidepanel or theshe

Cuning hroughdadoesn theside anelssoneof thequickest ayso oinafixedshelf o a bookcase.n thephotoabove,heside anels reclampedtogether ith theirendslush,allowingwoperfectly ligned adoeso becut at thesame ime.A straightedgeig guideshe outer hroughhecut.

JOINERYPTIONSORIXEDHELVING



BOOKCASE

MAKING HALF-SLIDINGOVETAIL

1 Preparinghe ide anels

I The alf -dovetai ladoesn heside anelsre outedn

two teps:i rstwith st ra ighti t ,and henwith dovetai li t .Install straightitof hedesirediameternyourouter. lamp

theside anelsdge-to-edgend nside-face-upo a work ur-

face;make ureheir nds re l igned.lamp board gains

the tock t heend f he utt ingine opreventearout.lso

clamp nedge uide crosshepanels,ffsetoproperlyocate

theedge f he outer ase late nd hebit .Start ingtone

edge f hepanels,eed he outer crosshestock, ressing

thebase late gainstheedge uidehroughouthecuI above

Completehedado ymakinghesecondutwith dovetail

biI (inset),hift ingheedge uide wayrom he irsicut by

one-halfhedovetai li tdiameter.

r') Preparinghe helfL fo creale at ing a l f -dovetai longuesn heends f he

shelves,eavehedovetai li t n he outerndmounthe ool

ina able. osi t ionhe enceora shallowut.Feedheshelf

onend nto hebit ,keepingt lush gainsthe ence ithone

hand hi le ushingt forwardi th heother and /ef f ) . est-

f i t hecutend n a half-dovetailado. dtusthe it , f neces-

sary, ymovinghe enceluinch wayrom hebitandmaking

anotherass. eoeathecutat heother nd f heshelf .

5 l



EDGETREMMENTSFORSHELVES

E dg. treatmentsre tr ips f sol idI--i wood, eneer,r commercialand-ing appliedo thevisibleedges f ply-woodshelves;heyconcealhepanels'

plies, reatinghe llusion hat heshelv-ing s made f solidwood.Commercialedge anding s availabley the oll ina widevariety f wood ypes, olors,and widths.To nstall,simplycut offthe ength ouneed, et t in place, ndheat t with a householdron to melt

the adhesivehatbonds t to the eof theshelf.

Although ittlemorepainstato apply, hop-made oodstripso

several dvantagesverstore-bobanding. heyareoften ess ostlyyou can inishyour shelfedgesany avai lable ood species,uwhateverhicknessou desire. vetyof sol idwoodedge reatmeshownbelow.

If your shelves re made of solid wood,you can rout adecorative esign n their edges. orplywoodshelvesou

will need o attachwood stripsor veneer o cover heplies.

ASETECTIONFEDGEREATMENTS

V-groove Woodatrip

Molded wood atrip

Tongue-and-groove Reinforaededge



BOOKCASE

REINFORCINGSHELF

tlll llJltlltl ll11lrllllll llJl11lll iltlll lll lll lllllllllRabbetingheedge iece

A piece f hardwoodanbegluedo heedge f a shelfo strengthent.To out

the abbetn heedge iece,nstall %-inch traightit nyourouter ndmount

the ool n a table. et he enceorawidth fcuteoualo he hicknessf heshelf. osecureheworkpiecehrough-out hecut , crew featherboardo ash im nd lampheassemb lyo hetab le . he h imwi l l a isehe eather-boardoapply ressureo hemiddleftheworkpiece.lsonstal leatherboar

to he ence nboth ides f heb i t .(Forhesake f clarity,he eatherboar

on heoutfeedide f he ence as eenremovedn he l lust ra t ion . )onot

attempto rout he abbetnon€pass;

instead, ake seriesfpasses,ncreasing hedepth fcuteachime abovd.

Repeatn t i lhe he l fi ts lushn herabbetinset). ou an ound rshape

theedge ieceoyourik ing.

9HO7 t?Springboard lampfor edgeglu ingFor hickedgerreal-menls,you iqh|need hreeor four clamVoto hold he piecenplacewhile he lue r iee.

oinqle lampwill orhe ob ueN s well fyouueea oprinq-board.TomakeLhedevice, u t

a 4enLlecurve-'/o-inch-deepaLiLscenLer-along needge f a 2- inch-wideoardhe eamelen7th nd hickness s lhe panel. enNerhe Vanel nNoV f Nhe arclamp ndeet.Nheoncavedqe f lhe oVringboardgaineNNhedgematerial.Uoinq woodpad ,o?roLecthe otheredqeof lhe panel,Ni hten th e clamp unt l Ih e ep inqboard fl aLt ene againot th e edqe,

53



FACEFRAMES

|f ecauseheycompletelyoveIJ edgesf sidepanels,ace raaredeallyuitedorplywoodookconstruction.ade romacontra

wood,heycanalso rovide dectivedetail.Cutting ndassemblingframedemandsrecision;he oimustbe ightand he rame quaris o fit properly ndprovide trenUseheassembledarcasesa referto measurehe ails nd tiles. aceraareeither luednplace r attachedbiscuitointsasshown elow.

Aface ramestrengthenscArcasewhilehidingpaneledges.t alsoprovidesambsfor doorhinges.

INSTALLINGFACERAME

1 Guttinglotsn heI carcasend ace rameMeasureour arcasend ut he wo ails

and ti les f he acerameo ength;lsocutmedianailsocover ny ixed helves.The rame houldest lushwith heout-side f hecarcase.oin he ails nd tileswithdowels,iscuits,r mortise-and-tenonjoints,hen lue p he ace rame ssem-bly,ensuringhat t issquare. nceheadhesivesdry, andt andplacet on opof hebookcase.arkhe ocationsf hebiscuitoints n bothhecarcasend heface rame-typicallyvery to 6 inches.Set heplateoineror hebiscuit ou

areusing ndcut heslotsn hecarcase(right), ligningheguidelinen he aceplatewitheach enci lmark. hen utmatinglotsn he rame.



BOOKCASE

Installinghe acerame

Apply lueo he lo tsn he ar -

case nd acerame nd longhemat-ingsurfaces.nserthebiscuitsn hecarcAqelots.hen et he ace rame

inplace bove). ork uicklyinceheg luewi l l auseheb iscu i t soexpand

almostmmediately.

ClampingheassemblyClamphe ace rame o thecarcase

about very2 nches.oapply ressure

to hecenter f hemediana i l , sepiece f stock lampedo hecarcaset

either ndwith shimn hemiddle/efil.



BASES ND FEET

$.)"asemoldingsoften ddedo a bS-Jcaseo

"anchor"thepiece ndc

plementny rowrr roldingnstathe op.There re wobasicwayso b

a base. he irst s o rnaker rabbmiteredrameof molded ieces

stock tandingnedgeseabcloframewrapsaround hebase fbookcaseikea skirtandhidesheeryat hebottomofthecarcase.heondn-rethodnvolvesuildine mitf raure f horizontalnoldedtockprovides flat surfaceor attacturned eet page B).Bothrnetallow orwoodexpansionndcanbeadaptedo fit modular ookca

bookcasesoined ogether.asentoldingandJbetadd nfirishing touch o a bookcase. hennlding cnnberouted o rnatclt lrc crownrrrolditrg r thestn'roundingrint in the room.

INSTALLINGRABBETEDASEM()LDING

' lAssemblinghe rame

I The rame hown bovesmade rom hree ieces f moldedstock, back, nd ourcorner races. rabbetscutalongheins ide d g e f h e mo lded ieces ,o rm ing l ip ha t hebook-casewi l l s i t on.To make he basemolding,i rs tpreparehreepieces f sol id tock nd outa decorat iveoldinsn heec lse

of each. hen nstal l straight i tandcuta rabbetn heopsi te ace f each iece. u t hemoldingo length i thmiteboth ront orners,hencut a piece f stockor heback njo in t to hesides i thbiscui ts. lue he ront o thesidesscrew orner racesn place o securehe oint (above).

t ' :.,' ii

iI

-,'tr,liqp*

\,

'lq- .;,



BOOKCASE

lnstallinghebasemolding

Once ouhavein ishedssembl inghe

frame, ttachheunit o hebottom f he

bookcase.o einforcehe oint, crewwo

angle rackets idwaylonghe nsideframe f hebasemolding.preadlue n

the abbet n he rontpiece f he rame

and n he i rs t nch f he ide ieces.

(Th is i l lcause nywoodmovemento

takeplaceowardheback f hecarcase,preventrnghemiteroints t he ront rom

breaking.)hen et he ramenplace n

thebookcase,nd crewhebracketso

thebottom f hecarcase.

lnstallingbottomrace

lf your ookshelfeaturesobasemoldingnda f xed helfs ocatedearhebot-

tomof hepiecen place f a carcaseottom,ou an nstall bottom raceo

hide hespace elowheshelf above,eff).Simplyut hebraceosize ndglue

ornail t inplacerom heends nd he opof hebottomhelf. ou an lso uta

decorativeatternn he bracedottedines). basemoldingabove,enter) lued

orscrewedo he ront nd idesrom nsidehecarcasesanotherptton.oumight

also hooseoattach gee racketedleerabove,ight)' seepage97ormorenfor-

mationn heir onstruct ionnd nstal lat ion.)

BOTTOMRACES,ASE OLDINGS,ND EET

57



BOOKCASE

INSTATTINGBASEWITH EET

1 Turninghe eet

I Cutb lanksor he ee t romheappropr ia teize tock. o urneachblank,eterminetscenter , ountheblock na aceplate,nd ttachhe ace-plateo he athe. ositionhe ool estin inewi th he enterf heblank ndascloseo hestock spossibleithouttouchingt, hen se round-endcraperto shapehe oot above).lways orkon he down"side f he pinninglocktopreventickback.eriodical lyhecktheprofleof he ootwitha pair f out-side alipersrnset). nceouare atis-fiedwith tsprofi le,andhe ooton helathe ithprogressivelyiner andpaper.

llillfl ltllltll t]lllll ltl]l1]lllll ll]llj ltllt lllltl5HO?TI?Rout n6 deaorativedetailslf youare building bookcaee

' tl'

iy

";;

f#

;t11

iiti

Lhatfeaturee othbaseandcrownmoldinq,youAVcan uoe hese adorn-

or otrher etail in i]Nheeideeofrhefacelf r am ee , l ne ta l l l ipilobed ecoralive it liinyourrouIer.WiNhthe bi| clearof lhework, ull the t ool'e aeeVlahe qainsl he crownmoldinq.urnonNhe oulerandease he bit, nto he work,Continueuttinaunli l he baoeVlat ouchesNhemoldinq t lhe opposite nd-.



BOOKCASE

filtlll llllll jll lll ll lll lll llllll lll lll ]llijlll lll lll1HO?TI?Anchorin1bookaasesto the wallOnce lackedwiLhbooks,maqazineo,ndof,h r iLeme, ookc eescanbedanqerouelyop-heavy.Larq , reeeI'and'ingbookcaeesrebeet '

anchoredo the wa l l ,preterablyo a eIud. l fyourbookcaees a l lenouqh,n angle racketonNopw.ill e nvi.sible.ryoucan ocate ne anqleb ackel un e neaI'h h ehiqheot,ixedshelfandecrewt,Nhrou4hhe ackpanel nd nto he wal l .

r) Installinghe ee t

L Once ouhaveurned l l he eet,

screwhem o hebottom f hebase

molding.nl ikehe erttcalase old ing

shownnpage 6, hebasellustratedtleft s horizontal,ithawide abbetout-

ed n he ace f each iecehataccepts

thebottom f hebookcase;moldings

cuton he rame'suter dge page 6)

After ssemblinghebase, r i l la coun-

tersunkolehree-quartersf heway

throughhecenterfeachoot,hen ore

a pilot olehe est f heway hroughhe

wood. crewhe eet o hebase/eft).

ATTACHING()()KCASES(IGETHE

Usinghreadedonnectorsl f you re ui ld ing orehan ne ook-

case ra modulara l l n i t , ons ider

attachingdjacentookcasesogether

forstabi l i ty.quick nd f fc ient ayo

do he ob s o use hreadedonnector

to oinadjacentidesabove). ith hetwobookcaseside yside ndprop-

er ly l ignedith ach ther,ore hole

throughhe wo ide ane ls .ns ta l l

threadedonnector;orstabi l i ty,se

four osix onnectorslonghe ength

of hes ide ane ls .f your ookcases

haveace rames,ou an nstal lnter-

mediatet i leso hide hegapbetween

the wobookcases.





he armoire came nto favor dur-ing the late 15thand early16th

enturieso meethegrowingeedortoragepace y Renaissanceurope's

ndacquisitiveity dwellers.

hearmoire rovided prightstorageof finegoods; efore, elongingsereusually ackedn large hests.

From hebeginning,hearmoirewasasprizedor tsdecorativettributessfor itspracticality. hepiecesessen-tiallya reestandingloseteaturing neor two doors, roviding paceo hangclothes,ndoccasionallyrawers ndshelvingo furnishadditional torage.Thedesigneachedpinnaclen thelate17thCenturywhenParisianabi-

netmaker ndrd-Charlesoulle ro-duced everalor hecourtoflouisXIV.Thoughhispieces ereundeniablyBaroquen theirelaboraternamenta-tion, hey tillserve soosemodelsorthearmoiresf today.

InAmerica,he ermarmoires ofteninterchangedith itsEnglish quiva-lent,wardrobe.ywhateverame,he

ARMOIRE

This glass urio,or display, abinetwas

constructedn much hesamewayas

thearmoire n theacingpage,xcept

that hewooden helvesnd hesideand

doorpanelswere eplaced ith glass.

cupboardndadothes losettonenter-tainmententer.

Whateverts use, hemodern r-moire s usually uilt n the radition-al,or period, tyle. ike tsancestors

today'srmoire egins ith anupright,rectangularabinet,ypically 4 o 80inchesalland36 o48 nches ide. oruseasa wardrobe,hepiece hould edeep nougho house clothes ang-er-about 22 nches.

Thebasic abinet hown npage 0was ut ogether ith rame-and-panel oinery@age2)toachievecombi-nationof attractivenessndstrength.Dovetailspage 6) andplate oints(page9)areequallyturdy lternatives

Thischapterhows ow o add headornmentsf an armoireo a basiccabinet ilasterspage4), ornice ndbasemoldings page 6),and rame-and-panel oors page 2).Theele-ments f hearmoire re ighlightedntheanatomy npage 2.

Despitetselaborateppearance,hearmoires a reasonablerojector a

woodworkerf averagekills.Build hevarious iecesarefi.rllyand he esult ill beanattractive,ersatileiece f urniture.

Thearmoire t leftdisplays muted

Baroque esignypicalof manymod-

ernAmericanwardrob s.

piece asproveno bepopular n NorthAmerica incehelate18thCenturyandnow t servesseverythingroma ood

6 l



ANATOMYOFAN ARMOIRE,

Layered

cornice molding

Layered

cornice

moldinq(2aqe66)

/\ ,,'\ --','-' Top panel

FlywcoCor ajr;ccKett .aaf luslt tvt*ch

of c;ebinel,urnroociuLfonmet.al aste(-1fltoaKaT lo

\ _Stile

YerTcair;eme

aomFa)

ncIizonframe

aornPO

Pilaeter

l .2aqe6

Decorative base moldrt.t.aclted t.h. aeffi. r

' o . \ ' l ' : .i:a?e. / inc.h bovr,' cloi :srrnotre .cprcvenT

rnq rcrr i:carinq any w0r'. tnst,alta rabberetlnt t l t i tnq (2aqe 56'1

to"t /

(2aqe 3' ;

Door /(2aqe 2)

/ f/ tt / \

Eott.om̂,,-/ aZ

Bottom panel

,.'ii. a t l t ,:l t.o f r :l tr e

wi r.it 1cr14er ,l.rtp:'

al ctat ,t: .et. inf.o

a 4i 'L)ar( ' ; t . t i . .n i . i ic

in:t,it: ::ti4t::' of tht

i:ctli,arr: r:|l:t

)Mutt ion /

t,'erficalmember f,hat,a.peral,e. fronl, tnto fwo

parts. pro',,tCtnqur'face fordoc r Lo o losea4atne tandfor mcunLtn4 ock hardware

\..-



ANASSORTMENT)FARMOIREARDWARE

t ^ ^ l

*--l I r f^-=----------- ]l e : l

I N A I t - - - n f l - lr:1 l:' r1l l/ \| l:tl \a/l I I l \6/l l \6/l lL-Jl i \6-l l- : :

Double-ball atch9mall catch wiLh wo eprinq-loaded alleecrewed omullionor rail. Dallaonap n placeovera keepermount-ed to door; catch can ehter'keeperrom front or srdee.

ARMOIRE

Cloak-aaee ingeTivotson a pin,whichallowadoor to be ifLed off

Adjuatable leveleraUaedLo evel pieceoffurnrture;threaded bolt withplaatic baaeaecuredn threadedT nut

LaaehingeFull-len7th inqewith finialeat top and bottom;htnqe e bolted o cabrnetand mortiaed nto door

Rat-tail hingeFtvotaon pin wtLh ecorativeLailnatled o armoire: ike (clock- aeehin e,allowedoor to be eaailyremoved

Straight cupboard loakEack-mounted oor lock wrthathrough bolt extendtngefLorriqht, ao required; eychambercentered n lockcase

Caeementbolt lockEolta exLend he fulllen7thof Lhedoorand are aecured nbrackete aetened tothe top and bottomratlaof Lhearmoire

o o

wrt

--*<_-E- 4 ^ \--\./

\

63



PILASTE,RS

Pilastersare narrow boardsfastenedto thefront sti lesof an armoireand

Jlutedwith two or threeblind grooves

for decoration.

MAKINGNDNSTATLINGITASTERS

1 Cuttinghegrooves

I Cut hepi las teriecesos ize,ak ingnto ccounthewidth f he t i lesal lowingnoughpace etweenhedoor nd hepi lasteror hehingesou lause. hen,nstall core ox it nyourouter ndmounthe ool na able. djuscutt ingeightora semicircularove. arkhe ocat ionf hegroovesn heentheboard nd ddmarks n he ac endicat ingherehecutshouldtar t ndeAIignhe ront uttinginewith hebit, hen sehe eadingnd f hepieceo mareferenceine n heoutfeedence, epeatheprocedureith heback utt ingandmake similareferenceine n he nfeedence. djusthe enceor he groove,hen nstal l featherboardn he able o hold hepi lasterirmly gathe ence. ound verhe opedge f he eatherboardo preventhestockrcatchinghent spivotedownnto he ut.Tomakehe uts, l ignhe eadinof hepi lasteri th he eferenceine n heoutfeedence nd owerheboardonto hebi I (above,opl .Hold heworkpiecelaton he able syoumake opass. henheback nd f hepiece l igns i th he eferenceine n he nffence, ivot hestock ff the able above,ottom). epeathecut on heotp i las ter ,hen djusthe enceo cu t he emain ingrooves.



ARMOIRE

llll lltlll ll1lll ill]l1illllllll lil]llllllll lll illlll lllgHO?TI?thaping pilaetero nthetable eaw

WilhLhehelpof a oimple hop-builliq,youcanuseNhe ove-cut't in4Nechniquehown n ?aqe69 ro ehapeVilaohere.or he iiq, cul a

wedqe-haped aeepiece l Nhe ppropriahen7le or he cove ou

neeA nd ecrew l t d two tencee: ' ow encealongone onqeideand

a hi4her neon he adlacenleide,lhen crewhe iq t'o he eaw rip

fence.IomakeNhe ule, l ineup 'hemiddle f the leadinq ndof a

IesI boardwithNhe lade ndadjueL he ip ence nt i l he anqled

r') Installinghepilasters

Z. Pi lastersanbesecuredith lue

alone, ut oradded trength,se ome

wel-concealedcrews.irst, etermne

the ocatronf hepi lastersn hest i le .

They re ypicallyenteredetweents

edges. ext, preadthin,even oat f

glue n hebackace f hepilaster,

etit inplace,nd lampt, using ood ads

toprotecthestock. rill i lot olesnto

thepi lasterrom nsidehe abinetnd

drive screwnto he opandbottom f

thepilasterabovd. epeatheprocess

to mounthesecondi laster.

4uidebuLIoaqainot he pilaet'er,lurnn 'heeawand eed he board

inlo the blade o shown; djuot 'hecultinq heiqhluntilyoucreaNethe VVropriaNeroove.Markqrooveocalion inee ndfronN nd back ulLinq inesonNheworkpiece6youdid n oNeV

1onpaqe 4,then eaw heqrooveg. seexlremecarein owerinqndraie inqEhework-

?tec,eT,,

eacnenaof the

troove.

65



CORNICEMOLDINGS

Createdby the threeseparate outer

bits shown below, he three ayersofmolding that make up the typical cor-

nice at right appearas onesinglepiece

when heyare nstalled n an armoire.

Besides roviding a visualframework

for the armoire, he moldingserves

secondestheticfunction, leading the

eye nto the centerof thepieceand

keeping t focused here.

MAKING ORNICEOLDING

TAYERED(|RNICEOTDING

Covebit

1 RoutinghemoldingI Cut hree oardsongerndwideyouwillneedor he hreeayersfming above).nstall panel-raisiniyourouterndmounthe ool na aAlignhebitbear ingith he enceadjusthecutter eighto eave flanomorehan% nchhick n heedthestock bovehemolding. ounfeatherboardsn he ence nd ne ntableo securehestockhroughou

cuts.ln his l lustration,he eatheron heoutfeedence as een emoforclarity.)urn n he ooland eedstock left). ocompletehepass,mto heoutfeedide f he able ndothestockhroughheendof hecut.Makeeveralasses,ncreasinghewof cut% nch fstock t a ime.Formsecondoard ith hecove itandthird iece i th heRomangee i t.



ARMOIRE

r) Miteringhemolding

L Wnen ouhavemadehe hreemold-

ing trips,ipeachowidththeirst,nner-

most iecehould e hewidestnd he

thirdhenarrowest).hen utstrips light-

ly ongerhan ouwil lneedor he ront

and ides f heworkoiece.heends f

themoldingtr ips remiteredt45' togoaroundhecornersndpilasters.heprocedureoreachayers hesame: old

the idemoldingnposit ion,tsback nd

f lush i th heback f he abinet. ark

the ront ornerf hecabinetn hestrip.(Forhesecondnd hird trips, arkhe

front orner f hepreviousayer f mold-

ing . )nadd i t ion ,a rkhed i rect ione-quiredor hemiter ut.Tilt he able aw

bladeo 45"and eed hestock singhe

miter auge/eff).Caution:lade uard

removedorclatity.) epeathecuton he

secondide iece.hen, ark nd ut

theends f he ront ieces.

2 Installinghe irst ayer fmolding

r-J Eachayer f moldings astenedo

thearmoiren wo teps: he ongertrips

for heside nd ront reattachedirst ,

followedy hesmalleriecesroundhepilasters.pread hin ayer fglue n he

backace f he irst ide iece,hen et

it inplace gainsthearmoire ith ts op

level ithorslightlybovehe opof hecabinet. se cut-off rad sshown npage 23 o he lp os i t ionhemold ing

whi le ou lamp nd crewt nplace t

ei ther nd f hestr ip.f you re sing

carcaseatherhan rame-and-panelon -

structionobuildhearmoire,se sliding

dovetailoholdhe idemoldingsnplace(page27).Repeatheprocedureo attach

theother idemolding,henmounthef r an l n i oeo ( r i oh f l, , v , , (

P ' v v v

67



ARMOIRE

ApplyinghemoldingroundhepilastersOnce hesides ndmain rontpiece f he i rst ayer f

moldingre nstal led,he mall iecesroundhepi lastersmust e ut osize ndmountednplace.ourmall ieces

needo be i t ted roundach i laster ;i ter l l hepiecesat45'at both nds. oldhemiterednd fa str ip f hef rstmoldinglush gainsthemrterednd f hemainrontpiece,henmarkhe ront ornerf hepi lastern heedgeof hemold ing. ake 45"mi ter u ta t h is o int . hen ,holdhemoldingnplacend epeatheprocedureomarkand u t henex t iece. on t inuen h i smannern t i lhefour iecesre ut osurroundach i laster.ry-assemblethepieceso ensurenaccurateit, hen preadlue n hepiecesnd i t hem n place. ecurehe ron t iece nthepi las teri th screw. sein ish ingai lsor he mal l -erpieces,r iv ingheheadselowhe ur facei th nai l et

(r ight). he econdayer f moldingannow eattachedthesame ay s he irs1.

f, Clampingheoutsideayer fmoldingnplace. - ,1Srnceheouts ideayer f mold ingi l lbeent i re lyis ib lef rom he ron t f hearmoi re,t should esecuredi th n lyg lue. sbefore,pp lyhes ides ndmajn ron t iecei rs t ,then dd he mal l t r ips roundhepi las ters .hennsta l l -ing he ront iece,preadlue n t and l ignts opedgewi th he opof h e i rs t wo ayersf mold ing.nsta l l threebar lampscrosshearmoi reo securehepiecen place,t r gh ten r nghe l am psr adua l l yn u r n n t i l h i n e a d f

glue queezesut rom he oint ; sewood adso protethestock above).f necessary,se ut-off radspage 2to ho ldhemold ingnpos i t ionhi le ou pplyhe lamRepeatheprocedureor he wo ide ieces.o in ishhmold ing,lue pand nsta l lhepiecesroundhepi lasClamphe mal lron t ieces i thbar lamps.or he idse t hepiecesnplace nd nsta l lonelamp crossnepi lastero securehemboth tonce.



ARMOIRE

1 Settinghewidth ndmarkingheguidelines

I Fashionornice old ingith hehelp f he ove-cutt ing

guide hownbove.he igwi l lenableou ocuta covemold-ing ,wh ich an hen e ippedn ha l f o producewo orn ice

moldings.oconstructhe1ig,astenwo18-inch- long-by-2s

to wo9-inch- long-by-2s ith arriageolts ndwing uts,

formingwo ets fparal le lrms. djusthe igso hedistance

betweenhe nsidedgesf he wo ong rms qualswicehe

width f he ovedart fmoldingouwil l nsta l l .et hebladeheight t hedesiredepth f cut,Lay heguide crossheblade

and otatet unt i lheblade,urnedyhand,ust oucheshe n-

side dgesf hearms. henun penci llonghe nsidedges

of he ong rmso race uidelinesn he ablensertabove).

r) Cuttinghecove

Z- Removehe suideand owerhe blade

benea t hhe ab ie .Out l i nehe des i r ed

cove ro f i l e n he ead i ng ndof the

workpiece,henset he stock n hesaw

table, l ign inghemarkedut l ine i th he

guidel inesn he able nser t . ut tgu ide

boards gainsthe edges f theworkpiece

andclamphemparal le lo heguidel ines

useboardsong nougho span he saw

table.Drawines incheso e i ther ide f

theblade n heguide oards,e l ineat ing

a dange r one hatyou rhands hou l d

avo i d . r ankheb l ade% nchabovehe

tab le . o m ake he rs tpass ,eed he

workpieceteadi lynto heblade i thyour

l e f thand ,w h i l eho l d i nghew or kp i ece

aga i ns the ab l ew i thyou r igh thand

(/ef f ) . in ishhecut us ing pushblock.

Make s many assess necessary,a is-

ing heblade% nchat a t ime.For deep

cove,acka backup oardo the opof

theworkpreceo preventpl i t t ing. ora

smooth nish, a isehe b lade ery l ight-

ly or he astpass nd eed heworkpiece

slowlynto t .When hecut s completed

r ip he stock n hal f o fashionhe mold-

ing, hensand hepteces.

CUTTINGOLDING)NTHETABLEAW



ARMOIRE

MITERIGThis impleigwil lal low ou o mitertheends f moldingnyour adialarm awwith hebladen henormal90'crosscuttingosition.efero heil lustrationorsuggestedimensions.

Tobui ldhe ig,bevelheends ftheguidest 45".Next, ut hebaseand ence nd crewhe wopiecestogether,eavingnoughf he enceextendingelowhebaseo sit n he

slot etweenhe ront uxi l iaryableand hespacer.hen, emovehesaw'sence ndpositionhebase fthe igon he awable, eat inghefencen he able lot . et hebladein he90'crosscutt ingosit ionndadjusthecutt ing eptho make%-inch-deeperf n hebase. ncethecut s made,emovehe igand

screw neof heguides dge-downon hebase ith tsbevelednd lush

againsthe ence nd tspointus ttouchinghekerf n hebase. osi-tion hebeveledndof hesecondguidelush longhekerfn hebase.Use carpenter'squareo ensuretheseconduidessquareo hefirstone,hen crewt in place.(Therehouldeenoughpace e-tweenhe woguidesor hestockyouwil lbecutt ing.)

Instal lhe igon he able. oldingthest r ip f mold ingi rmly gains toneof heguides, ut t heendofthestock gainsthe ence. urn nthesaw ndpull he okehroughhecuI(left), ocut hematingmiter,securehesecondiece gainstheopposi teuide,henpul l hesawthroughhe ut.



ARMOIRE

ENTILOLDING

able awold ingsa c lass icrnamenta l

ons is t ingfsma l l ectangu larrdent i ls, i th pacesetween

t ismaderom hin tock,ypical-

ybetween and% nchh ick , nd s

ither irect lygainsthe abinet

o ld ingn op, rsand-

etweenwomoldingsinset) .

ip hestocko hedesired idth.

nsta l l dado ead swide s he

ouwant etweenhedent i ls,nd

heblade eighto set he ength

blocks. crew nextensionoard

mrter auge,hen eed t into hedado eadocuta notch. oveheexten-

siono he ight y hewidth f heden-

t i l , hen uta secondotch. ake smal l

woodeney o t snuglyn henotches;

s l idet in to he i rs t o tch n t i l t p ro-

t rudesbout inch. utt heend f he

stock gainsthekey ndhold t f rmly

againsthemiter augeo cut he rst

dent i l . o r henext u t ,p lacehe i r s t

notch verhekeyand epeatheproce-

dure . ont inuen h ismannern t i lhe

length f moldings cuI right).

LEVELINGHE RMOIRE

Installingdjustableevelers

Tocompensateoranunevenloor,nstall

adjustableevelersn hebase fyour

armorre.hehardwareonsistsf a T nut

anda threadedodwitha plast icoot.

Insta l lhe evelersyboringolesor he

T nutsn hebottomf he eet.Drillhem

slightlyongerhan he hreadedods. ap

thenutsnto heholes i th mallet,hen

screwn he evelers/eff). djusthe eet

to evelhecabinet.



DOORS

he frame-and-paneloorsoarmoirearebuilt n much hes

wayas hesideassembliesf a fraand-panel abinet page32).How

therearedifferences.oth he nsidoutside dgesf thestiles nd ailscamoldedor added ecoration.n ation, hemortise-and-tenonointusconnecthe rame iecesncorpormiteredmolding, hown n pagefinal differencenvolveshestockuto builddoors.Becauseheyswingdoorshavea tendencyo deformcounteracthis,doorsareoftenmfrom heavier tock.To avoidan exsively eavy ppearance,hebacko

door framecanbe rabbetedo alloportionof thedoor o remainnsidarmoirewhen t isclosed. he esulip along heoutside dge feachdrests n a verticalmullion dividinscabinet pening r on a falsemulTwhich sa stripofwoodattachedoedge fthe eft-hand oor.

Theglassoorshown npageessentiallyrame-and-paneloorwglassanels.heglassitsn rabbealonghe nside dgesf he rameisheldnplace ystrips f moldin

Thedoors f thearmoireabove armonize ith the rame-and-panel onstructionf thepiece.Their ip-rabbeted ount-ingpartly recesseshedoorsnto thecabinet,making hemappearhin and delicate espiteheirsturdy onstruction.

TWO OOR-MOUNTII{GETHODS

FIueh-mounted

_ l r

et

Lip-rabbeted



ARMOIRE

TW()D()()RNATOMIES

9Li le

Median

--.-'rait

GLASSOOR

9I;ile

\ Kabbet



ARMOIRE

MAKING FRAME-AND.PANEL()()R

' l Cuttinghe enonsI Make our rmoire'srame-and-paneloorsbycuttrngl indenonst heends fal l he ai ls,as hownere,nd hen hapinghe nsidedgesofa l l he rame omponents ,s l lus t ratednsteps through. F inal ly ,r i l lmor t isesn hestilessfep ) andprepareachrameora pan-el (step ).Tocut he enonsnyourable aw,instal l dado ead l ightly iderhanhe enonlength.nstal l nauxi l iaryoodence nd otchit by ais inghedado eadnto t.Set hewidtho fcutequalo he enonengthnd djusthecutt ingeightoabout ne-thirdhe hicknessof he tock. o ld inghe a i l lush gainsthemiter augend he ence,eed hestockace-

downnto heb ladeso cu tone enon heek .Turnheboard ver ndmakehesame utontheother ide. heckor t ina tes tmor t ise,then epeatheprocessn heother nd f heboard ndon heother ai ls bovd. ocut hetenonhoulders,et hecutt ingeighttaboutI tnch. hen, i th he ai l ace ush gainsthemiter augend heendbuttedgainsthe ence,feedheworkpiecento heblades.urnhe ai lover nd epeathecuton heolher ide right),

Cut he est f he enon houldershesame av.



ARMOIRE

) Shapinghe ails nd tiles

fashionntegratedold ingn he

f hedoorrame, t your

ith piloted oldingitandmount

na able. lignhe ence ith hen hebit, hen djusthecutting

o shapehebottom ortionf he

oard. or ach ass,eed hestocknto hebit ,pressingt

he ence; d justhecut -

height,f necessary.hapenlyhe

interiordgesf he ails nd tiles round

hedoor 's erimeter.or medianai l ,

l ike heone t ight, hapeoth dges.

Q Preparinghe ailsorglue P

r.J The ornersf he enon houlders

must emiteredo mate roper lyi th

thestiles. emoveheauxiliaryencerom

the able awence nd nstal l crosscu

orcombinationlade. et heblade ngle

to 45', make test ut n a scrap oard,

and heckhecutwi th combinat ionsquare. djusthe ence osit ionnd

blade eighto hat hecut sexactlys

wide nd eep s hewidth f heedge

molding.The ladeeeth houldustpro-

trude eyondhe enon houlder.)omake

the uts, old hepiecelush gainsthe

miter augend he ence syou eed t

edge-downnto heblade. epeathecuts

on heends feachmoldeddge f he

remainingails left).



ARMOIRE

Notchinghe tilesLeavehe able awblade neled t

45o,measurehewidth f eachai l , ndmark ine n hemoldeddge f hemat-ing t i le cor respondingis tanceromtheend.Cut nto hemoldeddge t hel ine,makingertainhat hecutwil lnotmar he a ce f hest i le. or t i lesmat-rngwi thmedianai ls,ou eedo maketwo pposing5"cuts nd l ice wayhewaste etweenhem.Slice ff most fthestr ip f moldingetweenhe45"cutand ach nd f he t i lewith band aw(above).moothhecutedge singhetable aw. eavinghe ip encenplace,holdhe ti lelush gainsthemiter augeand lidehestock ack nd orth crosstheblade right). epeatheprocessora l l he t i les .



ARMOIRE

1i Preparingheramesorpanels

\J Cut hepanel roovesn he rame dges ith our outer

and hree-winglo t t ingut ter . ry-assemblehe a i ls nd

st i les f each oor nd lamphe rameace-downna work

tab le , s ing ood adso pro tecthes tock . d justhe u t -

t ingdepth fyour outero cuta groove idwayetweenhe

bot tomf he rame nd heedge f hemold ing. i th i rm

gripon he outer,owerhebase late nto hesurfacend

suidehebit nto he tock ear ne ornerf he rame. nce

the b i t pi lotbut tsagainstheedge f thestock, ont inuehe

cut in a clockwise irect ion above). epeathe processor he

o t he r ane l pen i ngs . ake r a i sed ane lo reach pen i ng

(page 6) andglueup he doorasyouwouldany rame-and-

panel ssembly.ou annow outa decorat iveold ing round

theouts ide dges f hedoors nda rabbet roundhei rback

faces; esure o leave nough tockbetweenhe wo o instal l

i h p h i n o p c l n a o p 7 Q )\ F e b e ' ' / '

f , Cutt ing ort isesn hesti les

r-,f Useoneof the enons oucut in step

i asa guideo out l in inghemor t isesn

theedges f thest i les, o make he ob

easier , lamp l lhest r lesogetherace-

to - face i t h he i r nds l i gned .ns ta l l

mor t is ingt tachmentnyour r i l lpress

andclamp ne t i le o he ence, enter ing

themor t i seu t l i ne nde rhech i se l nd

b i t ,M akehedr i l l i ng ep th i nchmore

than he enon ength; ake cutat each

endof he mort ise efore or ing ut he

waste n between/eff) .Repeathe proce-

dure o cut he remain ing or t ises.

77



ARMOIRE,

BUILDINGGLASS OOR

r ) Makinghemoldingnd

L gluinguphe door

Shapebothedges f a board page 6)

that s ong nougho producehe ength

o f mo ld ingouneed . hen ip hemo ld -

ing rom hestock na table aw.Cut he

mo ld ingo eng th . i t e r ingheends t45 ' . Cutand t onepiece t a t ime. nce

the mo ld ings ready , e ta d rop f c lea rg laz tngompoundveryew nchesopreventheglass rom att l ing. ay hemo ld ingn p lace nd , ta r t i ng inches

from he corners, orepi lotholes t 6-inch n te rva lsh roughhemo ld ing n drn to he rame. ack own hemo ld ing

withbrads, s ing piece f cardboardoprotecthe glass rom he hammer right).

' lCutting rabbeto hold tass

I Glass anelsie n abbetsathegroovesndareheld n place y h ins

o f mo ld ing . lampheg lued-uprama work urface, s ing woodpad o

tectyour tock. hen nstal l %-inc

bet ing i t n a router ndset hedep

cut o hecombinedhicknessf he

and hemoldrng. old he ool rmly

bothhands hi le est inghebase la

the rame ear ne orner,henguid

bi t nto he nside dge f hedoor.M

the router lockwiselong he edgesieft)unti l he cut scompleted. qua

corners i tha chisel nda wooden(neareft).Make he cutsacrosshe g

f rs t o avoid pl i t t inghe rame.



ARMOIRE

HANGINGHED00RSNTHE RM0IRE:ACE INGES

1 Installinghehingesn hedoors

I The ype f hinge hown ere ttacheso hedoor itha

leaf teach nd; oltsastenheassemblyo hearmoire.he

leaves ust emort isednto hedoor dge. egin ysecur-

ing hedoor dge-upn a vise. osi t ionhehinge n heedge

andmarkhe ocat ionf he eaves.teach u t l ine ,se

ch ise lo cu ta recessn hecheek f he abbetroundhe

back f hedoor qua ln deptho he eaf h ickness;top

the uta t he abbethou lder .heni t ane lec t r i cr i l lw i th

a w is t i tequa lnd iametero he h icknessf he eaf nd

bore series f overlappingoleso extendhe ecessesown

into heshoulderabove,ef f ) . er iodical lyest- f i the eaves

in hemort ises,app inghem nwith mal le t ;top r i l l i ng

oncehehingeestslush n heedge f hedoorwith he

leavesn he i rmor t ises.emoveheh inge om hedoor ,

lay hedoorla tona work ur facendposi t tonheh inge

on heedge,eavinghe eavesutsidehemort ises.ark

screw oles n hebackace f hedoor t i le ndbore

countersunko le teachmark. l ideheh ingeeavesack

into hemort ises,nddr ivehescrewso securehehinge

to thedoor above,ight).

r) InstallinghedoorL to mounthehinpe oltso hearmoire,et hepiecJontsback.Workingith helper,f necessaryhold hedoornposit ionndmark

thebolt ocatronsn he ront tile f

thearmoire.ore clearanceole t

eachmark.hen eposit ionhedoor

on hepiece,l ippingheboltsnto

theholesleft). ix hedoorn place

with henuts rovided.

79



ARMOIRE

HANGINGHED00RS:L0CK-GASEINcES

1 PositioninghehingesI Set hearmoiren tsback. or achdoor,ixstrips f maskingape crosshe

cornersf heopening.lacemall and-paperhims esidehepiecesf ape opreventhedoorrom nadvertentlyhift-ingasyouwork . e t hedoorn place,center ingt overheopening. easurefromboth ideso make ertainhedoorisparal lelo hesti les. nceou re at-isfedwi th heposi t ioning,arkhecor-ners f hedoor n he ape i th penci l .Next, utt hehingesgainstheedge fthedoor; se apemeasureo make urethat hey re qual lypacedromhe opandbottom f the door right).Holdingtheupper al f f hehingenplace,l ipoff hebottomalf nd hehinge inanduse penci lo markhescrew oles nthe dooredgebelow).

( ( t ( t t

Dottom half



ARMOIRE

r) Mountinghehingesn hedoorL Securetheoor dge-upna worK

surface.henbore i lot o les t eachmarkedoint. oldhe ophalf feach

hinge quareo hedoor dge nd crewit in place /eff).

HanginghedoorPlacehedoor ack n hearmoire

and eassemblehehinges.heckhat

thecornersf hedoor re l igned i th

themarksn hemaskingape. race

aroundhebottom f hehinges i thpenci l ,emovehedoor , i sassemble

thehinges,nd eposrt ionhebottomhalvesn hearmoire. arkhescrewholes n he abinet,ore ilot oles,ndscrewhebottom alfof each ingeo

thearmoirebelow). emoveheshims

and ape t r ips ,nser thep in n hebottom alf f hehinge,ndplacehe

door n hearmoire.

8 l



ARMOIRE

HANGINGHED00RS:RAT-TAII INGES

r) MountinghedoorZ. Posit ionhedoorn tsopeningn hearmoi rend ssembleheh inge,l id ingthe at{ai l in ntoheholen he eafFasten ingheh ingeo hearmoi resatwo-steppera t ion ,eg inn ingi th hebracket.racetsoutl inen hearmoire,removehebracketndoin. hen oreclearanceole or hebracketolt up-

p l ied i th heh ingehroughhecentero f heout l ine .hreadhebo l t n to hebracket ,l ip hebo l t n to hec learanceho le , nduse henut upp l iedo astenthebracketo hearmoire.hen l idehepin nto hebracket,heckinghat he at-ta i l ies la ton he ab ine t ;endhe a i lina vise,f necessary,o maket si t lat.Reassembleheh ingene na l ime nduse in ish inga i l o astenhe a t - ta i lto Ihearmoireright).

' lMountinghehinges n hedoor

I Measurehe distance etweenh

edge f he hingeeaf nd hescrew

in he ea ftheho les i l lbeh idden

the eaf s readyo be astenedo the

Make mortiseor eachhinge eafas

would or acehinges page 9).With

door dge-upn a vise, l ide he eaf

i tsmort ise. hen l ip he rat- ta i l in

its bracket ndset hebracket n he

edgewith he ail pointingowardhe

tomof hedoor.Holdinghe pinandb

et n posi t ion,ap he eaf eepernt

door dge nt i l hehole n he eaf l

with he pin (left).Measurerom he

of the eaf o mark tsscrew oles n

door ndbore ountersunkoles.Dri

screwso f x he eaf o the door.



ARMOIRE

INSTALLINGL()CK

1Cutt inghekeyhole

I To mark he kevholeocat ion n he

door ,measurehe d is tance etweenhe

outs ide dge f the ock nd hecenter f

the key hamber n he ns ide f he ock.

(The ockbeingnsta l ledere s l lust rat -

ed on page 3.)Then ransfer ourmea-

suremento thedoor ,measur ingrom he

rabbet heek n he door's ack ace.Yo u

need o dr i l l woho l eso r he key : ne

for he shaf tanda nar rowerne or he

keybi t ,which s hest r ip f meta l e low

the forward nd of the shaf t ,Bore he

wider ole i rst ,us ing n elect r ic r i l l t -

t edw i tha tw i s tb i t s l i gh t l ya rgerhan

the key haf t .fhenf t thedr i l lw i tha bi t

s l i gh t l ya rgerhan he h i cknessf he

keybi t andbore second ole e lowhe

shafthole right);ocale he hole o suit

the key.Hold hedoor teady syoudr i l l

t he ho les . sea smal l l eo ra r i f f e r o

j o i n he w o ho l es ndc r ea t e cav i t y

through hich he key i tseasi ly .

r) Mountinghe ock ndL makingtheoltmortise

Posit ionhe ock n heback f hedoor,

sl idinghekey hambern heholen he

door, nd it hekey nto he ock.With

thekey n p lace, o ld he ock teady

whileasteningt to hedoor /eff).Make

sure hat he ock ssquareo heedgeof hedoor syoudrivehescrews.o

locatehemortiseor hebolt, urn hekey o extendhebolt nduse penci l

to coatheend f heboltwith raphite.

Retracthebolt nd losehedoor. xtend

thebolt gainstheedge f hemull ion

to markts ocationndusehedri l l nda ch ise lo cuta mor t i seenterednthepenci l a rk .f des i red,nsta l l n

escutcheonroundhekevhole.

B3





Abiscuitoinercuts slot n themitered nd

of the blanket hest'smoldedbase. hebases

rabbetedo accepthecarcase f thechest nd

the bracketeetare henscrewedo the base.

Blanket hestsreall relativelysimilar,eginning itha rectangularcarcasendahingedop.Dimen-sionsarybut asageneraluidelineconsider ength f40 o 45 nch-

es, widthof i8 to20 nches,ndaheight fabout 5 nches. hecar-cases made rompanels f edge-glued oards ndassembledithdovetailr frame-and-paneloin-

ery.The op eaturesoutedwoodstripshatare ttachedithslidingdovetailoints(page1 or amold-ingcanbe cut nto ts edgepage

92).To reventhe op romwarp-ing,andasa decorativeouch,wood

battensanbe astenedorstiffeningpage2).The op can

beattachedithapiano ingepage8)orbuttbngespage9).The echniquesor making asemolding ndbracketeet

forablankethestre iscussedtartingnpage3.Youmightchoosensteado nstall gee racketeet;hese ake ittingbaseorbookcasesndarmoiresswell. nstallinglanketoxhardwaresshown tartingnpage 00. hesetems rovidethe inaldecorativeouchandshould echosenarefullyocomplementheparticularesign fyourproject.

This raditionaldovetailedhest, ith itspatternedfeetand moldedopand bottom,s based n a designmport-

ed o Americarom eastern uropen the 18thCentury.

B CHE,ST

hechests oneof theearliesttypes f urniture, ithalong

utilitarian radition.During heMiddleAges, hestserved s heprimary eceptaclesf household

goods ndvaluables.heywerelsocalled ponoperform ouble utyasa seatinglace, t a imewhenchairs ere uxuryformost eople.

Althoughearlychest esignswereprimitive,medieval rtisansoftenadornedhemwithcarvedarches ndelaboratehivalric ndbattle cenes.uring heRenais-sance ndBaroque eriods,hepiece eganoassumeome ftheelementshatare tillusedoday,ncludingrame-and-panel

joinery,molded opsandbases,ndpatternedracketeet.Overheyears, ttractiveardware asadded,uch sbrasslocks, andles,ndescutcheons.

In ColonialAmerica,hechestwasusually laced t thefootof a bed o store lankets,uilts, nd inens-hencehename lanket hest. oday,hepieces usedo store very-thing rom oysandclothingo books.Many hestsre uiltwith drawersoradditionaltoraqe.



ANATOMYOF A BLANKTTCHE,ST

Batten(pa1e92) --

ToP

1p-tqe8)

Piano hin4e

(paqe 88)

?ix;:i-,=-..--

"t7

/Cheotlock -/ \(pale 1OO)

\i

Eacutaheon(paqe101)

P\__Flap etay

)creweC to tnaof cheel:aiCealid: can be adjuslto suiL wide ran

of l id wetqhLe

cloetn4epeede

fttlly open poeit

co l la r enaps inretdcap to hol

ltd oPen

/

' F lush hand lel n ; n e t t ] t 7 t\ r u l L

t v u t

Baee -----.'

( i ) . , 1E.C)

Dovetailed carcase(pa7e 26)

Bracket. foot.(tttqe 93.) ---\-_____

_,___-,/



BLANKET CHEST

Traditional blanket chestswere often ur-nishedwith oneor moredrawers o store

anythingfrom papersandpens o sewing

needles nd thread. The top and bottom

panels f rhedrawerassembly re mount-

ed n stoppedgrooves n thefront and

backpanelsof the chest,with a divider to

separatehe openingor the drawers.

ENVENTORYFBLANKETHESTARDWARE

Eutt hinge)ta nda d rectangular braoeor eLeelhin4eeet fluah wtthaurfaceof cheaL: in cannotbe removed o hingemuetbe unscrewedo rernoveop

DecorativeesautaheonaA aelectionof fittin4a ineLaltedon the front panelaroundkey-hole o preventdamageby key

Cheat ahainLtnk hainuaedae a lid eLay

ThreadedeacutcheonKey-ehaped fixtu re fitaonugly n elightlyoveretzedkevhol ,proiecti ael ahtlv

fim cf,'eei roni

ReaeesedhandleFeatureareceeefor finTera;handleetopoat 90"

Elanketaheat hinge Colonial hest handlea

TraditionalAmerican)trap-otyle cheethtn4ewith forqed finieh cheet handlea La ge cheot- lifti ng handlea

Handlewith 90" atop

for lrfttnq eavy heeta

for anLtque ppearance;

availablen 9- to 14-inchenqtha

Campai6n ahest cornerCorn'erittinqe ortqinallyueedfor protectronon cheote car'ried on mtlrtarycampaiqne,nowuged o decorate

Marquetry bandinglnlayetrip conaietin4 faeveral eneerg aaembledinto an attractive deaiqn

varioua cheat type6



TOPS

Sincemoldingstripsare as-tened round tsedges ithslidingdovetailsoaccommo-datewoodmovement,hechest opshownat leftdoesnot require attensokeept

flat, though wohavebeenaddedor decorative ffect.The id stayholds he opopenand allows t to close lowlyto avoiddamaginghepiece.

ATTACHINGHE OPWITH PIANOINGE

InstallinghehingeThe inge hou ld eequa lo ors l igh t -lyshorterhan he ength f hechest.Clamphe op o a work urfacesingwood adso protecthestock.Holdhehingen posit ion,l igninghecenter fthepinwith heback dge f he op,and

tracetsoutl ine. ext,nstal l straightbit na router nd et hecutting epthto he hicknessf hehingeeaf.Take

care djustinghedepth;f the abbetstoodeep t wi l lcausehehingeo bindwhenhe id sclosed.)l ignhebitoverthe nside dge f heoutline,hen astenanedge uide utted gainsthe outerbase late. outhe nside dge f herabbet,eepinghebase late ressed

againstheedge uide.Makeepeatuts,adjustingheedge uide achime, nti l

the abbets completed.hen, et heh ingen he abbetndmarkhe oca-tionof hescrew oles.f you re ddingmoldingpage 1)orbattenspage 2) ,dosonow. hen ore i lot oles t hemarks,ut hehinge ack n posit ion(right), nddrivehescrews. et he opon hechest, ith he reehingeeaf laton he opedge f heblankethest's ackpanel. arkhe ocationor hescrews,bore i lot oles,nddriven hescrews.



BLANKETCHEST

ATTACHINGHE ()PWITHBUTT INGES

r) Chiselingut hewaste

L ' l se a ch ise loscorehehinge u t l inend u t t o he

thicknessf hehinge.hen, oldinghe hisel evel p,pare

thewasterom hemortiseabovd. epeatheprocedureoclear

out he emaintngort ises.e arefulocut hemortiseso

deeperhanhe hicknessf hehingeeavesopreventinding.

1 Tracinghe ingeutl ines

I Insteadfa piano inge,ou an se

two r hree utthingeso attachhe op o

theblankethest. he ingesremortised

into oth he opandback anel f he

chest .obegin,lamphe opgood-side

down na work urfacendplacehe rst

hingenposit ion ew nchesn rom ne

end, osit ioninghepin ust f f heback

edge f he op.Use penci lo racehe

outline f hehinge left).tAarkheoth-

erhingesn he op n he ame annerposit ioningne earheother nd nd nei n t h o e e n t e r i f n p e p c s : r, , ------ .

2 lnstallinghehinges

.J Set hehingesn heirmort isesn he op, ri l l i lot oles,

and crewhem n placeabove).ext, et he opon hechest,

markhe ocationor he orrespondinginge ort isesn he

topedge f heback anel,hen hiselhem ut ol lowtnghe

procedureescribednstep , Noway hechest n tsback n

a work urfacend et he opgood-faceown ehindt. Place

awood pacerl ightlyhickerhan he opunderheback f

theblankethesto ine-uphe ree in geeavesith heirmor-

t ises. ore i lot olesnd crewhehingesnplace.



BLANKETCHEST

HINGEORTISIl{GIGA routersan dealool o cut mor-tises oryour lankethest's ut thinges,utdonot ry o do he ob

freehand. ig ike heone hownat rightwillguaranteeast,accurateresults.ouwillneedoequip ourrouter itha straight itanda tem-plate uideo makehecuts.

Makehe emplateroma piece

of %-inch lywood ideenougho

supporthe outer. utlinehehingeleaf n he emplate,eing ureocompensateor he emplateuide

and he hicknessf he ence, hichis alsomaderom%-inch lywood.

Cutout he emplate,henattachthe ence ithcountersunkcrews.

Touse he ig,securehe opofthechest dge-upna vise.Markthehinge utl ine n heworkpieceandclamphe emplaten position,aligninghecutout ith heoutline

on heedge ndbuttinghe enceagainsthe nnerace f he op.Makethecut below),movinghe routerinsmall lockwiseirclesnti l hebottom f he ecessssmooth,hen

squarehecornersitha chisel.Whenyouareusinghe ig o cutmortisesin he opedge f heblankethest,besureo securehecarcaseo ore-vent t frommoving.



BLANKET CHEST

OLDINGO HE ()P

Makinghemolding lnstal l moldinpit na routernd

he ool na able. outhemold-rom tockh tcke rhan he opso

whenhe id sshut hemold ing

overhangheside nd ront anelsThe tock houldlso ewider

ongerhan ouneed o hatYouipand rosscuthemoldingosize

he ence i th hebearing

eedheboardnto hebit o carve

designnone al f fanedge. ount

neither ide f hebit

osecurehepiece ur inghe ut . ln

l lustrat ion,he ront eatherboardas eenemovedorclari ty.) l ip he

iece ver nd out heother alf, reat-

inga mirror utof he trst right). hen

ripand rosscuthemoldingo he tze

eeo.

r') Installinghemolding

L You an ecurehemold ingo he

edge i th l idingovetai lsrglue lone.

ln his ase,he idemoldingsre ttached

with toppedl idrngovetatlsoal lowor

cross-grainoodmovement;he ront

mold ing,h ich i l l shr inknd wel l a r -

a l le lo he oppanel ,sa t tachedi th

glue.Make toppedovetailsn heends

of he op;cutstoppedovetailnortises

in hesidemoldingssee age 27).After ou ave adehedovetai loints,

miterheends f hemoldingt45".Then

placehe opgood-faceponwood hims.

Spread hin ayer fglue n he ast wo

inchesf heslidingovetailnd hedove-

tai l lot,hen l idehemoldingnto osi-

tion.Next,ay ome aperowel n he op

to preventcratchesnd nstall ar lamps

withprotectiveood adso securehe

moldingn placeleft).



BLANKETCHEST

R()UTINGOLDINGN THET()P

' lRoutingheedge

I Instead f at tachingeparatetr

molding,oucan outa decorat ivehin he op tsel f . ecurehe opgood

up on a work ur face r th t sedgejec t ing f f h esur face .ns ta l l p r l

round ing -overi t o r ano ther o ld in

in your outer ,henset hecutt ing e

to mold he oppartof heedge. ur

the oolandguide he bi t nto hesto

movinghe oolagainsthe direct io

bi t rotat ion ndkeepinghepi lotbea

buttedagainst he stock /eft).Once

top ha l fo f heedge s mo lded , i p

workpiecever nd out hebottomcal ledorbyyour esign.

r) AddingattensL Wnen oldingsattachedith l idingdovetai ls,t servesosti ffenhe op, l im-inatingheneedorbattens;oldinghatissimplyoutedn heedge f he opdoesnotofferhisadvantage.n his ase,opreventarpingrom hangingumiditylevels,astenwoor hree attenscrosstheundersrdef he op.Cut he tr ipsfwoodromhesame tock s he op,mak-ing hem boulY, nches ide nd inch-es horterhan hewidth f he op.Forvisualppeal,ound

ne nd feach at-ten n heband aw.Next , e t he opgood-faceown na work urfacendho ld he i rs t a t tenn p lace boutinchesrom ne nd f he op.Drrvehreescrewso astent inplaceright).Io allowthebattenoexpandnd ontract,nlargethe ounterboredolest heends f hewood tripsnto vals;hecentercrewsth eo n l y n e h a t h o u l ded r i ve nntight.) epeatheprocesso mountheother attens.



BASES ND FEET

TIrc tottottr tssurt l t ls,.l 't lrc lorr-

kct clrcst on,si-sr-sl 'brackct. lbctt t tot t r t tct lv l r / r scrc tvso a rob-

Itctcd tasc rroldirtgltat srtpprtrts

t lrc cttrcasc.l tc trockct. lcclorc

joitrcdn,i th ttl.f bl ir tddttvctai ls.

AKINGRACKETEET

1 Markinshe in oardt -

I The eet f heblankethest remade

f rom wo dent ica l oardsutwi tha dec-

orat ivecro l l a t tern nd oined rthhal f -

b l i nd ove ta i l l o i n t s ,akehe o i ne r yu ts

f i rs t , hen aw ut hepat ternsndassem-

b l e hen i eces ones i n .u tb l ankso he

size f he eet , henmark hehal f -bl tnd

doveta i ls .nd icateheoutsrdeace f each

boa r d i t l r n X .T hen d l us t cu t t i ngpa r r seo t he h i cknessf t hes t ock nd

scr ibe l ineacrosshe ns ideaceof he

p i nboa r do m ar k heshou l de rr ne . ex t ,

secu r eheboa r d nd - up n a v i se , e t

t h ec r r l l r n pa r p e o a h o u t n e - t h i r dn e

stock 'sh ickness,ndmark l ineacross

theendc l ose ro tsou t s i deace .U sea

d o v e t a i l s q u a r eo m a r k h ep i n s n h e

endof the board. or he s izeof board

show n , ha l f - p in t each dge nd wo

even l vna . ed i ns n he t w eeni l lm ake^ ^ f , + r - ^ ^ r i , , ^r r n t .I n d r c a t eh e > L r u i l B d i l u d L L r d L L r v c J L

waste ect ions i thXs, henusea combi -

nat ion quareo extendhe ines own he

ins ideace o heshoulderine /ef f ) . e-

pea themarks na l l hep inboa r ds .

93



BLANKETCHEST

r) Cuttinghepins

Z- Secure pinboardna visewitoutsideace owardou,hen utdalongheedgesf hepinswitha do

saw,workingromoneedge f hebto heother. or ach ut,al ignhebladeust o hewaste ide f heculines left).Use mooth,ven troketinuinghe utso he houlderineclampheboard utside-faceownwork urfacend se chisel ndmto pare wayhewaste ood: coreabout% nch eep longhe houldand hen haveffa thin ayer f wwith hechisel eld orizontal lynde l -up . epeatheprocedureocut

remaininginboards.

Q Guttinghe ailsr., l Seta cutt ing augeo he hicknessof hep ins,henmarkhe hou lderineonall he ai lboards.lacehe irst ai lboard utside-faceown n hework ur-face.Ho ld p inboard nd-downi thits nsideace l igned i th heshoulderl ine f he ai lboard, akingertainheedgesf heboardsre lush. utl inehetailswitha pencil,hen se rysquareoextendhe ines nto heend f heboard.Mark l l hewasteectionsithXs. hen

usea dovetailaw o cut helails right).Angl ingheboard,atherhan hesaw,makesoreasierutt ing.hen ecureheboard dge-upn hev ise nd u t hewasteesidehe wooutsideails.Removethewaste etweenhe ailswrth chiselus inghe ameechn iqueescr ibednstep . When ouhave hiseleduthalfthewaste,l ip hepiece nd nishhe ob

from heother ide.Repeatheprocess

tocut heotherai lboards.



BLANKETCHEST

Test-fittinghe oint

M ake t em p l a t e i t h hedes i r ed

pat ternor he eetand race heshape

on one aceof eachboard. hen, est - f i t

the half-bl ind ovetai loinl (r ight).

Marka n y p o t sh a tb i n dw i t ha p e n c i l n d

caref l l ypare omewoodaway t each

markunt i l he t i s sat is factory.

CUTTINGHEPATTERN

Usingheband aw

Cut he pat ternn eachof the eet ree-

handon he band aw. o keep he b lade

f r omb i nd i ngn heker f t he i gh tpa r t

of the curve,makea ser ies f s t ra ight

re lease uts rom he edgeof the work-

p ieceo the markedine.Then, l ign he

bladeust o thewaste ide f thecut t ing

l ineand eed heworkoiecento heblade

wi thboth ands, ak ing ure e i ther and

is in l inewith he cutt ingedge left).

95



BLANKETCHEST

MAKING HEBASEMOLDING

r) Gluingp hebaseL Sawhemoldingieceso ength,utt ing i ters t bothends f he ront iece nd t one nd f hesrdes.he ronicornersf hebase re ssembledithmiteroints; utt oints

are ufficientor heback. he onnectionshould e einforcedwithwood iscuits,se plateoinerocutslots,hen preadgluen heslots,nsert iscuitsn he ront ndback ieces,

andpresshecornersogetherabove)nd lamphem.

'l Makinghebase ieces

I The our ieceshatmake p hbasemold ingre hapednd abbind iv idua l ly .o rk ingi th tockonthan ou eed,out ne dge f he rand ide ieceshe ame ay ouwoshape ornice oldingpage 6).Nuse ourab le awo cu t abbetsnfourpieces.he abbetsre awnnpasses,i th heshouldersrst,ol loby hecheeks.djustheblade eigthe heeksi l lbewide noughosupthe hest i thouteach inghemoldcuts; ositionhe ence oone-thirdf

stockhicknessi l lbecutaway. sefeatherboardso supportheworkpattachhe able-mountedeatherba sh im o hemidd lef heworkp ipressedga insthe ence. eed apiece n edge nto he blade left)uthe ra i l ingnd eacheshe ab le .moveo heother ide f he ab lepul l hestock astheblade.

Q Fasteninghe eet o hebaser-,1Workingna flatsurface,ositionhebase n he eethechest, akingure l l heouter dgesre lush. teacorner,oreour ountersunkoleshroughhebase nd the ootandscrewhe wo ogetherabove).lacehechein he abbetsf hebase iece nd r ive crewsrom nneathhroughhebase nd ntohe hest.



BLANKETCHEST

A VARIATION:GEERACKETEET

MAKINGGEERACKETEET

1 Guttingheogee oveI Ogee racketeetarecreated uch

like he bracketeetshown npage 3,

butwithanS-shapedgee rofleshapedin heir utsideaces. ecausef heir

contouredurfaces,he wohalvesf eachfoot reoined itha miter-and-splineoint

(page 8), atherhana half-blind ove-

tail.Theogee rofi lescut n hree teps

on he able aw nd he outer. egin y

markingheprofile n heendof a piece f

stockong nougho make ll he eet.Set

upyourable aw o make cove ut n

the ace f heboard syouwouldor he

cornicemolding f an armoirepage 9).

Use push locko eed hestock,mak-

ingseveralhallowasseso cuta cove

of heappropriateepth right).Onceyouhavemadehecove ut,use routerit -

tedwitha rounding-overit o shapehe

cornerf heboardo hemarkedine.

It is easiero sand he

contouredurfacesf the

ogee racketeetbeforen-

stalling hemon thebase.

97



BLANKETCHEST

r) Finishingheogee rofile

L me ridee f waste etweenhecovecutand he ounding-overut ssl iced ffby he able aw. osetup hecut,hold

theworkpiecenedge n hesaw ableand djustheblade ngleoalignhecut-t ing dge i th hemarkedine n heboard nd.Butt he ip ence gainsthestock,ock t in place,nd et hebladeherghto slice wayhewaste. se hreefeatherboardsosupportheworkpieceur -ing hecut:Clampwo o he ence ndthirdo he able;his eatherboardhouldbemountedna shim o t willpresslos-er o hemiddle f hestock gainsthefence. eedheworkpieceithboth ands

(right). nceheboard'srailing nd each-es he able,moveo heother ide f hetable ndoull he tock astheblade.

ASSEMBLINGGEE RACKETEET

1 Makinghebevel utsI Sinceheosee racketeetwil lbeassembledithmiter-and-spl ineoints,ach f heeightoot iecesi l lhave evelsonad jo in ingnds. i rs t , u ta l l hep iecesl igh t lyvers ize .Tocut hebevels,et our aw's lade ngleo45"and ttacha wood x tens iono hemi ter auge. arkhe ength f afoo tp iece nyour tock nd, o ld inghe la tedge f heboard ga instheextensron,l ignhemark i th heb lade.

Before ak inghecut , lamp s top locko heextentoenab leou o ine p he u ts o r he hree therdenpieces. old he latedge f heboard gainstheexteand heendagainstheblock syoumake ach ut (ab

Tobevelheends f he ourmatchingootpieces,oldcontoureddge f hestock gainstheextensionsyoumakehe u ts .



BLANKETCHEST

r) Guttinghespline rooves

1ne groovesor hesp l inesn he

bevelednds f he ootDiecesre ut

on he able aw.nstal l dado ead nd

adjustts h icknesso hatof hespl inesyouwilluse.Set heangle f hehead t

45oand hift he io enceo he eft-hand

side f heblades. oldingne ootpiece

flat-face-downn hesaw able, utt he

beveledndagainsthecutting dges f

thedado ead ndadjusthe ence nd

blade eight oa %-inchroove i l lbe

located boul%nch rom he bottom f

thepiece. utt he ence gainstheend

of hestock nd ock t in place. eed

eachpiecewith he milergaugeleft),

pressingheendagainsthe encehrough-out hecut.

Cuttinghepatternsndgluing p he eet

Once l l hespline roovesre ut,design

thescroll atternsn he lat aces f hepiecesnd ut hem uton heband aw(page 5).Sandhepiecesmooth,hen

cutsplinesromplywoodrsolidwoodofit nto hegrooves.he plineshould e

as ong s hegrooves;akeheirwidth

sl ightlyess han wice hecombined

depth f wogrooves.l f youuse ol id

woodor hespl ines,ut hem o hegrain uns crossheirwidth, atherha nlengthwise.)preaddhesiven hegrooves

andglueup he eet right),henattach

them o the base syouwould tandard

bracketeet(page 6).

99



HARDWARE

A commonfeatureof traditional cam-paign chests, olid brassflush handles

add a touch ofclass o any blanketchest.

The handlesstop at a 90" angle o the

sidesof the chest, roviding a convenient

way to lift thepiece.

INSTATLINGLOCK

1 0utlininghe ock aceplateI Layhechest n ts ront anel ndpositionhe ock ace-downidwaybetweenhesides nd lushwith he opedge f hepanel. raceheoutlineof he aceplaleabove),hen xtendhe ines ntohe opedge f hepanel.

r) Routinghe ockmoftisel mis isone f he are nstanc

whichhe outersusedo make frhand ut.Care nd atiencere equUse wood hiselo irst uta shamortiseor he aceplateip n he oedge f he rontpanel. ext,nstastraightit nyour outer,et hecutdeptho he hicknessf he acepand uta mortisensidehemarkel ine. tart yguidinghe ool na clowise irectiono cut heoutsidedgthemortise;lear ut he emainingby eedinghe oolagainsthedirecof bit otation.sehechiselo souacornersnd areo he ine.Measudistanceetweenheedges f he aplate nd he ock ousingnd ranthemeasuremento hemortise.dthe outer'sutting eptho he hickof hehousingnd ut he nalmor(left).Use hechiselo squareny orTest-fithe ock n hecavity ndusechiselodeepenrwiden ny f hemtises,f necessary.



BLANKETCHEST

Cuttinghe eyhole

Set he ock n hemortisendmark

ocationf hekeyhole.ut heopen-

ingasyouwouldoranarmoireock page

B3), r i l l ingne oleor hekey haft ndanotheror hekey i t .Use small le o

oin he woholesnght)

InstallingheescutcheonPosit ionheescutcheonn he ront

panel f hechest , l i gn ingtsopening

overhekeyhole.se strip f masking

tapeo holdhehardwarenplace h i leyou tarthenai lsn heir oles. opro-

tect our ngers hen rivingach ai l

f lush, rip henai l haft i th eedle-nopliers/eff).



BLANKETCHEST

f, Mountinghe ockr-f Oncehekeyholescut, ay hecon ts ront anel gain nd et he in tsmortise. arkhescrew olesn

panel,emovehe ock, ndbore iholes. et he ock nplace gain ndten t o hechest, rivinghescrew eflushwith he aceplate/effl.

Front panel

22

Installinghestrike late

Comple tehe ock nsta l la t ionymountinghestr ike lateo he opof

thechest. l ip hescrewshroughheirholesn heplate nd et heplate ntopof he ock. urn hekeyunti l helock ngagesith hestr ike late,henadda str ip f maskingape o hold heplateirmlynplace. lowlylosehe opof thechest right) nti l ts undersidetoucheshescrews.ore pilothole teachmark eftby hescrewipsandattachhestrike lateo he op.



BLANKETCHEST

LUSHANDLES

1 0utlininghehandles

I Lay hechest none ide ndPosi-

a handle utside-face-downidway

betweenhe ront ndback anelsnd

elowhe op.Traceheoutline

f he mountingplateight).

/) Mountinghehandles

L lnstall straight it in your outer,

set hecutt ing eptho he hicknessf

themountinglate, nd uta mortisen-

sidehemarkedutl inesyouwouldor

a lock page 00).Next,measurehed s-

tance etweenheedgesf hemounting

plate nd hebowl-shapedousingnd

transferhemeasuremento hemortise.

Adjusthe outer'sutt ing eptho he

thicknessf hehousingnd ut hedeep-

ermortise.est-fithehandlen hecavity

anduse wood hiselopare ny emain-

ingwaste oodrom hemortisesfareft).

Oncehemountinglate ests ushwith

theoutsideace f heside anel, ark

thescrew oles,emovehehandle,nd

bore pi lothole t eachmark. et he

handlen place gain nd astent o hechestneareff).Repeatheprocedureor

theother andle.



INLAYS

Contrrrcrcinlarding is at,nilaltle rr

a varietyoJ'desigrtso conrplenter fi

works rarrgirrgJi"ortt Welsh lresse

to n boardroonrnble.Here, t nddsa

decorntive ortclt o the top ofn blan-ket chest.nlay nurterinls tm be nrctal,

woodverteer,r solid urrdwood.

INSTATTINGNLAY

'l Routinghegroove

I Groovesor nlay recut wi tha routeri t tedwitha straightbi t hesamewidthas he nlay. f youare nstal l inghop-madern lay , e t hecu t t i ng ep th l i gh t l y ha l lowerhan he h ick -ness f the s t r ips ; he n layw i l l be sandedlush s fep ) .For ommerc ia land ing , h ich svery h in ,make hecu t t i ngdep th qua lo he n layh icknesso m in im izeand ing .u | inethegrooven he opw i tha penc i l ;t shou ld eequ id is tan tf rom heedges . ou t he our ides f h egroovend iv idua l l y ,gurdinghe oolwithan L-shapeddge uide ndstopblocks.Tose tup hegu ides , l i gn heb i tw i th hecu t t i ngine ,mea-

sure hedistance etweenhe router ase late nd heedo f the op ,andcu t heedge u ide nds topb lockso thaw id th .Sc rew fence o eachp iece o t canbe pos i t i on

squareo h eedges f he op .For ach u t ,c lamp hegua longheedge ouwi l lbecu t t i ng nd as ten s topb lockeach nd .Ho ld rnghe rou te r ' s ase la te ga ins th e edgu ide n done top lock ,u rnon he oo landp lungehebrnto he stock. eed he bi t (above) nt i l he base late otacts heother topblock,Once l l he cutsaremade, quthecorners i tha ch ise



BLANKETCHEST

Settinghe nlayn hegroove

he nlay o lengtho f t in he

sing our able aw orshop-

madenlay, rawood htselorcommer-

ialbanding.or he ectangularroovehown, ake 5" miter uts t heends

of he nlay ieces. utand est-ft one

piece t a t ime, hen pread itt le lue

on heundersidef he nlay nd nsertt

in heslot right),tappinghestripgently

with wooden al let. ommercialand-

ing houldeheld nplace ithmasking

tape nti lheadhesiveures.

Trimminghe nlay

Onceheglue as ried,andhe oP

to removeny xcessdhesivendbring

the nlay erfect lyushwith hesurface

of hewood. or hop-madenlay, se

be l t andert tedwi tha 120-gr i te l t .

Movehesanderorwardlong ne nlaypieceeft)andpull hesanderack he n

you eachheendof hestrip, verlappin

the irstpass yone-halfhewidth f he

belt. ontinuenti l he urfacesf he n-

lay nd he opare lush,henmove n o

theother trips. epeatheprocessitha

finer elt 150- r 18O-grit)o smoothhe

inlay nd hesurroundingurface.and

commercialandingyhand i th sand-

ingblock. e areful:ome odernand-

ing s esshan%onchhick.

l r ) l

105





HIGHBOY

uered abinetsmportedor theEndishnobilitv.Becausef ts size,

the"highboy-or high chestof

hehighboy riginatedn 17thI CenturyEurope ndwasn-

ythe ornateChineseac-

drawers-was onstructedn twosections: owerchesthat suP-porteda allerchestwith four ormore iers.The oP evelwas re-quentlydividednto threesmallerdrawersetsideby side.

fu theQueenAnnetyle volvedinto hemoreornilmentalndclas-

Themodemeproductionhownin thephotographnpage 06 is-playsmanytt'aditionallementsfthe18thCenturydesign:hegrace-frrlcabrioleegs,he scrolled edi-

mentor crownmolding,he lame-and-urninials,he lutedquarter

columns,ndheshell arving ndappliedmolding dorninghescal-loped pron n he ower hest.

This hapterwillhowyou owtodesignndconstructhisclassicpiece f urniture,rombuildingtheiece f urniture,rombuildingtheupperchest page 10)o sawingandshaoinshecabrioleess Dase

sicalChippendaleryleduring he andshapinghecabrioleegspage112) ndthen ssemblinshe ow-futt.tp*ilf thersth Centu{ the To reventustromenteringtheabinet, 112) nd,thenassgmblinqhe ow-

tifihb"y found avorwith afflu- speciilframesreinstallednderneathhebot- er chestpage.116).ttentionsalso

.n?ro.i.ty in colonial itiesike nmdranerinthelowerchat.Thedustshield evotedo the inerdetails,ikeItritaaapiria,Boston,andNew isabasicrame-and-panelonstruction installingockbgl{ing roundhe

York.Towaing7 or8 eethigh, he scrsuedo the arcaseides. drawerspage 18),.outing rown

i.foringhigliboy*miaeaiyiuit- molding(page124), arving he

.a'to in€.t."g.nt, ofty ceilihgs f themanorhousesf the frnals2ag.el30),nd hapinghequartel.glp": (pagej4)t

time,and tsiumerousdraweiswere heperfect olutionor The-foiiowingwopagejllustratehehtghboy't pperand

rt"riititft.rttiJes neededor entertaining'.ighboysbecame ower hests.hemajor{eatryegf thepiece re dentified;

theha"llmark f fashionableiving rooirs aid ttreirprices refer othepagesndicatedofindout how o make ndnstall

rose ramatically.he rendhascontinued nabated.oday, each lement.

tft. ftigiib"yrpr6duced y he enownedhiladelphiaabi- -..Buildinghighboysa challenging.task,utwithcare nd

netm;kers fthe 1700s.. rrnong hemostsought-after diligenceyoucangleateapieceoffurniturewiththeg

piecesfantiqueurniture. timelessppealf ts200-year-oldncestors.

Thehighboyt eftexempffiesheharmonybetweentraightlinesndluidcurvesypi-calofQueennne-styleurniture.



UPPER HEST

ANATOMYOFA HIGHBOY

Crown molding

i lr : i r l . l , - / i j \

\

Roeette

// i l ) . ,1q.-2a')

/op rail(Y::.t;,1f̂i;t'1

aaa.., \

\

/'



HIGT{BOY

\ /

t /Bottom.rail

It,|3q.o t

I

IKnee block(Fqe 117. )

(

t\

Cabriole leq

1; ta4e 12)

Cockbeading(.pa4e 18)

thell carvinq(.paae137'1

I 0 9



ASSE,MBLINGHE,UPPE,RHE,ST

lic highbol,'s ppcrchc'st as u'crmajor onrponcnts:argc arcase

ancl n claborateirce ranre hat i ts

1,ithi1 t. As shorvn ., .1sl1r,l.te arcase

cor.rsistsf ir op ancl ottour,l'o siclepanels, ncl u'cl ack ancls cparatecl

br.astile-ol mr-rntilt.l'he

carcascor -luers re oincdn'ith hroLrghlovctail

ioints prrgc6J, nclhebacli.arressitin rabbetsr.rtror.rnclhe nside clgcs

of thecarcasencl .r.runtir.rprrgc1 .Thc

n.r-rntir.rsattacheclo the opandbot-tonrofthe carcase'i thnrortise-and-

teuonoints.

Thc raccl'rrnrc,horvnrrce-Lrpelorvauclacc-clou'nn page I 1, sbuilt ronr

a op rail, n'oL-shapccli'ontposts, ncl

C()NSTRUCTIONETAIL(FACE-UPIEW)

li,,-:ck,--....-_ r

cena i

r clrau,crl'anrebr cach icr of cil'arvcrs.T l le op r t i l s l t r t l ' . ' t lr ' . t66 . '1 t111. '

crorvnmolclingprrgc 24)nd rosettes(ptrgc 28), oth of 1'hicharcaclclel

latc'r . heback ace f the op rai l sqrooveclo accepthecarcaseop,anclhas enon ut n each nd o flt n r.nor-

tisesn he u,o r-ont osts. hcLshapeol'the l'ontposts reateshespaccbr

thequarter-colunrnsprrge,34).he

firnt posts it n notchesLLtn thecar-

caseopaucl ottout.Thedrrrrver'supportingl'trnresrrc

assenrbledrom ai ls ncl t i lesoined

n'ithmortisr'-ancl-tenonsprryc16Jfranrehasan rrclcleclovetailed(pagc 22). iranchorhe ramesocArcase,n'obracesrrc cren'eclo h

of cach neanclo thesiclc aneldrau'erl'aurcs rcnotchcd t hc to accou'uloclatehe ront postscrcrveclo henr.'l'heppernroser ranrc llpportshlecsmall rait f'eaturesu'ocliviclersncl hree er slicles.nce he rrcer-ameas

bLri l t ,t issimpl,vl ippednto hectrse.sccc/orr')uclhe scrervc'osicle fthecarcrscliroLrghhebra

'.. Faca

rrame

lll : ) f n --"------

--,--'

' -Carcaea



Toppancl

)

/

Stde

Panet

{I

l i l

I{

DcvetatleC

drawcr oltdc

HIGHBOY

FACERAME(FACE-DOWNIEW)

Dtvider /

t lratt 't 'rs lnt l it irt to lltc lt lrr c/ ic-sl-sl ' t l rc lr ighboy

s.rc11'('rlo t ltc sidt '' s; t o ' ' t r:d t rttrr '-s i i t t ' t raw c r b ott o ts t to c

s/lrfu'-sroiIt 'd o tItt '. l ) 'orrr t ' .

I t r t l

a' i

Drawer -,'frame

\

\ , , . , , , ,{.)r,)t::l

-



CABRIOLE EGS

SAWING)UT HEEGS

Foat block

A distinctiveeatureof Queen nnestyle, he tapering, uryedcabrioleeghas ongbeen onsideredchallenge

for cabinetmakers.ut itsgracefulinescanbecuteasily n theband awandsmoothed ith hand ools.

1 Designinghe egI Make templaterom piece f %-inchlywoodr hardboardut o hesamlength ndwidth syouregblanks.he esignhown bovet opwil lyieldattractive,table,ndwell-proportionedeg, utyou analterhepatterno suyour rojectrcopyhedesign f anexistingeg hatappealsoyou.Begin rawthe egbyoutl ininghepost lock. akets ength qualo hewidth f he owrail hatwillbeattachedo t,plusheheight f he ower hest'side anels.hwidth f hepost lock hould eadequateo accepthe ail enon. ater,t willnotchedpage 16)o accepthequarterolumnsf he owerhest. ext, kethepad nd he oe, hen he ront f he eg romhe oe o heankle sing frecurve; t tsnarrowestoint,hediameterf heankle hould eaboutwo-fifthestock idth.Move n o heknee, ketchinggentleurverom hepost loto he ront dge f he emplatebout to 3 inches elowheblock. henoin

kneeo heankle itha relativelytraightine.Completeheoutline t hebackthe eg, rom heankleo thebottom f hepostblock above).xperimentntilyhave satisfactoryesign.



HIGHBOY

Transferringhedesign

egblanks

out ourempla tena band aw,

andheedgeso hemarkedut-

l ine .Hold he empla tela tonone fnsideaces f he eg lank, aking

hat heends f he emplatend

blank re l ignednd hat heback

oost locks ushwith he nside

dge f heblank. race longheedges

f he empla teoout l inehe eg. urn

heblank ver nd epeatheprocedure

on heothernsideace ight).At hispoint, ome oodworkersrefero prepare

the egs nd arlsor he oineryefore

cutt inghe eg. l t seasieroclamp nd

cuta mort isena rectangularegblank,forexample,han o carry ut hesameproceduresna legwi thpronounced

curves.)ther oodworkersut he eg

first nd hen o he oinery.

Cuttingne ace

Set he eeblank n heband aw

table ith ne f hemarkedutlinesac-

ingupand hebottomf he egpointing

awayrom ou. l igninghesaw ladejust o hewasteide f hemarkedine

for heback f he eg,eedhestocknt o

theblade. urn ff hesaw bout alfway

throughhecutand emoveheworkpieceThen uta longhe ameine rom he

oppositend. oavordetachinghewastepieceromheblank nd osinghemarked

outl inen headjacentace, tophe ut

about%nch rom he irstkerf, eaving

short ridge etweenhe wocuts.Retract

theworkpiece,hen utalonghe ine or

the rontof he eg left), gaineaving

bridgeso preventhewaste oodrom

fal l ing way.

1 1 3



HIGHBOY

Completinghe uts nd

severinghebridgesTurn verheblank o hat hemarkedout l inen tsad jacentides ac ing p.Cut longhemarkedines, eg inn ingwith hose longhe ront f he eg,hentheback above).his ime, ompletehecuts, ett inghewasteal laway. henro ta teheb lank nd u t hroughhebridgeseftduringourirstcuts right).

SHAPINGHE EGS

1 Forminghepad

I Use compassooutl inehecircularpad n hebottom f he eg. hen ecurethe eg na vise, i th hebottomnd ac-ingup,anduse backsawo cutawaythebu lk f hewasteur round ingheoutl ine. akewo eriesfcuts, tart ingwith our uts traightnto heend f heleg t hecorners ,hen awingroundtheendof he eg o severhecorners.

Next, ecurehe eg na bar lamp,ockthe lampna v ise , nduse pat te rn-maker'saspo roundhecornersf hep a d . o n t i n u en t i l t h e ad sc i r cu l a r(r ight),otatinghe eg n heclamp snecessary.se file o smoothhepad.



HIGHBOY

r) Shapinghe oot

Z- Repositionheclampn he ise o

the oot s ilte d ow n. oldinghepat-

ternmaker'sasp t anangle f approx-

imately5 o he eg, egin yshaping

thecontourrom hebottom phbove).

Rotatehe eg n heclamp sneces-

sary o hatyou anshapehe ootal ltheway round. moothhesurface

using double-cutlatbastardile, hen

f n ishhe obwi th andpaper ,s ingprogressivelyner-gritapers.

Shapingnd moothinghe nee

To nish hapinghecabrioleeg nd

to removenyblemisheseftby heband

saw lade,moothhesurfacef heknee

witha spokeshave,ol lowingitha raspand andpaper.oldinghespokeshav

withboth ands t hebottom fa curved

edge f he eg, ushhe ool lowly way

from ou, utting hinshavingleft).Make

a series f overlappingasses,orking

with hegrain nti l hesurfacessmooth

Turnhe eg n hebar lampo clean p

theother dges. se he asp o smooth

an areahat hespokeshaveannoteach

Completehe obwith andpaper.

1 1 5



ASSEMBLINGHELOWERCHEST

nce hecabrioleess re omplet-ed and he cavitie-'sor tl-re luar-

tc r co lL r r t t r tsl re ou ted n l l repostblocks,he ou,er hest trn eglued p.

Thechestsholvn in thephoto u page107-is made p of four egs,rvo idepanels,rvoback anels,ottom ailsatthe front and back, 'Lndu,odrau,er

/ . ' */

,/Duet --'/ /'frame /

/I

DotLom ratl

fFrace /

/

I/

Drane'--- / /

raa rle

/'-t'

--}

/'

.'t IDoveLailed ---' /Crawer al tde

/

Diviaer-/

tsackpanel

9idepanel

QuarLer

theside anels.he egs regroovacceptl-re ntire hicknessf thebpanels nd abbetsn theside aThe ees lsobatureortiseshat

nith tenor.rsut n thebottonr aillr,ith l-re pper hest,heback aneseparatedv a nr.urtin.Once he ochestsglued p,knee locks re ioned ndattachedo he egspngc

Cockbeadingrroundhedralerstheshell arvirlg ndappliedmolon thebottont ail areaddeclatecompletehechest,hequarter olnare nmedand nstalledn the egnoesand, inall1,, molded l'amestachedo he opecleef heches

f}ame vill conceirlheseantvheupper hestsset n place.

Cabr

leq

-/

\ nee

PlOCK

frames. hebottomdrau,er}ante on-tains ustpanelsnd sdividedntosec-tions or three rau,ers.ike hedralerfiiulesof heupper hest,he op rante

featuresdovetailedralver lide.Thethree mail owerdr;ru,elslide vell vith-out theaid of a s1ide.)he iarres rrescrervedo braceshat rre ttachedo

MunL

(

\

\

' , , /

21

ao lumn



HIGHBOY

MAKINGNDM()UNTINGNEEL()CKS'l Oesigninghe nee locks

I The nee locks,hichoin he urves

of heegs ndbottomails, re esigned

and utmuchike he egshemselves.or

a emplate,lace precef stiff ardboard

in hecorneretweenhe eg nd djoin-

ing ai l nd raw contourine hat on-

nectshe wopieces.he ameemplate

canbeusedorall heknee locks.rans-

fer he ine o a wood lankhat sas

thick s he eg, l ightly ider nd arger

than heareat must l l .Placeheblank

againsthe ai l nd eg o tsoutstdeace

is lushwith heouter art f he eg nd

draw secondine n heblank singhe

legasa guide right). hegrain f the

block houldeparal lelo hat f he eg.

Saw ut heblock n heband aw svoudid he egs page 13).

r) Mountinghe nee locksL Once ll heknee locksave een

cutand moothed,luehem pone t

a ime. pply hin ayer fadhesiveo

thecontactingurfaces,henhold he

piecesnplace ith clamp. se oodpadso protecthestock nddirect

clampingressureyshapinghem o

f t f ushagainsthe egs left).Driue

screwhroughheknee lock nd nto

the eg oraddedeinforcement.



COCKBEADING

Cockbeadings a rounded moldingthat extends

beyond hefront of the highboyand framesthe drawer openings. t is set nto rabbetscut

along the nside edges f the openings.n addi-

tion to providing decoration,cockbeadingprotectsthe edgesof veneereddrawer fronts.

MAKINGND NSTALLINGOCKBEADING

1 PreparinghedrawerpeningsI Use routerittedwitha %-inchilot-ed abbetingit ocut he abbetsroundthedrawerpenings.et hedepth fcutat%inch,hen ttach squareiece f %-inch lear crylico he ool's ase late(inset). akehisauxiliaryub-baseargeenougho keephe ool latand table

duringheoperation.et he hest n tsback na work urface.tart ingt hecorner f one rawerpening,est heroutern hechest ith hebit ust learof heworkpiece.riphe ool irmlywithboth andsnd urn t on, uidinghebitinto hewood. ncehepilotbearingbutts gainsthestock,eed he outertowardheadjacentorner,eepinghesub-baselal (right). ontinueroundtheopeningntil ou each our tartingpoint. ut abbetsroundheother raw-

eropeningshesame ay,hen quarethe ornersith chisel.



HIGHBOY

) Makinghe ockbeading

trttaienoughockbeadingrom -

tocko it nal l he abbetsut

nstep .The ockbeadingsbest haped

oldinguttersn he able aw.Dootuse arrowtock;nstead,utpieces

are t east inches ide nd hen

he ockbeadingrom hem.)nstal ln

oodence nd t hemolding

head ith ut tersnyourable aw. aise

headnto hewoodenceonotcht.

Use featherboardo securehework-

piece;crewt to a shim o hatpressure

wi l lbeappl iedga insthemidd lef he

workpiece.ake few estpassesith

scrao tockoset hewidth f cut.For he

firstpass,enterheboard dge ver cut-ter, henbutt he ence gainsthe ace

of hestock. oldheboardlush gainst

the ence nd he able s ou eedt nto

thecuttersright). xperimentithdiffer-

ent u t t ing id ths nt i l heedge f he

stocksproperlyounded,hen hapeot h

edges f eachworkpiece.nce l lyour

stock as eenmil led,nstal l r ipblade

on he aw nd ut he ockbeadingrom

theboards,akingt wide noughopro-

trude y inch romhedrawerpenings

when luednto he abbets.

Q Mountinghe ockbeading

.J Cut he ockbeadingo ength, i ter-

ing heends ith he able aw ra back-

saw ndmiter ox.t iseasiestocutand

f t one iece ta ime,makingure ou

alignhemiterednds ith hecornersf

the abbets.pread l i t t le lue n he

contactingurfacesnd nsert ne trip t

a ime, ecuringhepiecesn place tth

springlamps t6-inchntervals/ef f , ) .



DRAWERS

MAKINGHEDRAWERS

Thehighboy's rawers xemplify lassic

cabinetmakingechniques.hecorners rejoinedwith through ovetailsnd heendgrain of the ail boardss thenhiddenwith afalse ront.A dovetailedunnerattachedo thebottomglidesalonga

mating lideastenedo the rame.

1 Cuttinghedovetailoints

I Sizehedrawerartso it theopeningsn hechestsrouthedovetails,uttinghepinsn he ront ndback ieand he ai lsn hesides. setofcommercialemplateitheone hownn hispage akeshe obsimplend nsaccurateesults.ttachhepinand ai l emplateso bacboardsol lowinghemanufacturer 'snstructions.ecureof hedrawerides nd-upna vise. lamphebackupoto he tock, akingurehere re alttai ls teithernd;templatendbackupoardhould e lush gainsthewopiece. rotectinghestock itha wood ad,

utta stop loagainsthedraweride nd lampt to hesupportoarhe lp ou l ign ubsequentu ts . ns ta l lhedoveta i li tantemplateuide uppliedith he igand ut he ai ls,eedthe ool nand utof he emplatelotsabove).ut he eming a i lshesame ay. hen se ne f hecomple teboardso outl inehepins none rawerront r back.curehepinboardn hevise nd lamphepin emplatthestock, l ign inghe ig ingers i th hemarkedu i l iIns ta l lhe t ra igh ti tsupp l iedi th he igand out utwaste etweenhepins left).Repeatt heother ndand the emainingronts ndbacks.



HIGHBOY

) Preparinghedrawers

bottomanels

t theparts f each rawernd lamp

uni t , l i gn inghebars f he lamps

he ront nd ack ieces;ememberprotecthestock ithwood ads. hen

out grooveor hebottom anel long

nsidef hedrawer.i ta router i th

a hree-winglott ingutter ndmounthe

ool n a able. dlusthecutting eighto

leavehe hicknessf hedrawerunners

youwil lmakenstep belowhegroove.

Set hedraweright-sidepon he able

and, tart ingt hemiddle fone rawer

side,eed hestocknto hecutter. eep-

ing hep i lo t ear ingut ted ga insthe

worko iece,eed hedrawerlockwise(right). ontinueivotinghedrawern he

table ntil ou eturnoyour tartingoint.

Q Makinghedrawerunnersnd lides

rJ Mountinghedrawersn hehighboy

requi reswoaddrt ionalomponentsor

each rawer:runner i tha dovetai led

grooven hedrawerottom nda match-

ing l ideor he rame. reparehe unner

f rst; t should eas ong s hedrawer

sides nd hesamehicknesss hegap

betweenhebottom anel nd hebottom

edge f hedrawer.ocut hegrooven he

runner,nstal ldovetai li t na routernd

mounthe ool na able. et he utt ing

depth tone-halfhe unner'shickness

Adjusthe enceocenterhegrooven

the unner ndmakewopasseso rout t,

using push locko eed hestock /eff)

Makehematchtngl ide n he able aw,

usingtockne-halfs hick s he unner

Adjusthebladeo he ame ngle s he

sides f hegroove,henmakewopasses

tocut he l ide, osi t ioninghe ip ence

on he eft-handide f hebladeo he

cutting dgesangledwayromhe ence

Feedhestock sing push tick insef).

r2r



HIGHBOY

Gluingp hedrawersFor he bottompanelof eachdrawer, ut a pieceof %-

inchp lywoodo f i t t he open ing , dd ing hedep th f thegrooveso i ts ength ndwidth.Dry-f i t ndclamp hedraweragain, osi t ionhe unner crosshe bottom anel, ndmarkthe s ides f the runner ' s ove ta i l edroove n he d rawerback.Disassemblehedrawer ndusea chiselo extendhe

RInstal l inghedrawer l ides

r- ,1Once he adhesive asdr ied. l io

each rawer l i de n to ts unner n he

drawer ottom nd nsta l lhe drawernthe h ighboy . a rk he oca t ion f t he

sl ide n he rontandback f thedrawerframe,hen emovehedrawer. emove

thes l ide ndcen te rt on he rame e-

tweenhea l ignment a rks . pp ly th in

layer f g lueon he contact ingurfaces

and ecurehes l ide n p lace i th lamps(right).Once heclamps avebeen ight-

ened , c rewhes l ide o the ron t nd

back f he rame.

doveta i ledroovehroughhedrawerack.f youwishoinstall rawertopspage 23),preparehemnow. hen luup hedrawers ou id hechests,ddingome dhesivattachhe unnerso hedrawerottoms.otchedlamppads i l lensurehatpressureson ly pp l iedo he a i lboardsabove).



HIGHBOY

Ill1lt llllll lll lll llllll jll llllll lll lll lltllllll lltll5HO?TI?Adjuotable \\drawerotop ITokeep drawerfrom beinq ulledriqhN ut, allach aoimVle No?o trheframe.Defore luingupthe drawer,ul a \-inch-

aquarenot'chn he mid'dlbof the tup edgeof the

Installinghe alseronts

Attach falseront oeach rawer

toconcealheendgrain f hedrawersides. et hedrawerace ponawork

surfacenddrivewobradsnto he

drawerront,eavingheir eads ro-

truding. ake urehebrads renot

located herehedrawerullwillbe

instal led,hen nip ff heheadsnd

reinstallhedrawer.ut he alseront

to he ight ize,hen arefulyosit ion

it overhe drawerront above). nce

you re atisf iedith heplacement,

pressrmly;hepointednds f he

brads i l lpunchmpressionsnto heback f he alseront.Removehedraw-

erand luehe alserontnplace,lign-

ing he mpressionsith hebrads.drawer ack.1aw he IoPfrom ecrap,makinqN onqer ndnarrower han nch.Mount 'he

etropNo he boVt'om f Nhe rameor 7anelunderwhichNhe rawer

wl l 'el ide. ine Nupwibh he not'chn 'hedrawer ack.)crewNhe

otop n place,leavinqNhefaotenerooee nou7h o 'heeloVcanbe

rotafed,When ou nstall he drawer,urn Nheto? 60 haL Nheong

ed,aee parallelio he drawer ides.Once'heoI'op'?ao6eehrou7h

r,hE olch,NurnN90 eo t'e onqedge o ?arallelo Nhe ack'



CRO\ArI\TOLDINGS

Thecrown molding-or pediment-on each ideof the highboyfront is actuallybuilt upfront fourseparate ieces f wood. Thebrokenswan-neckfacemolding hat curves pwardsfrom thefront cor-ner to the rosette s ntadefrom two piecesof molding glued together.With the hetpof a templatecuton the band sow, he moldingpieces re shaped n apin router(page125).Themoldingson bothsides fthe highboy, alled he returns,alsoconsist ftwo pieces lued ogether. heyare nstalledwith dovetailed lides hatfit into matchinggroovesn the upperchest page127).

ACOTTECTIONFCROWN ()TDINGTYLES

Triangularpediment Latticed brokenpediment

Erokenpediment 5arolled brokenpediment



HIGHBOY

()LDINGS

' lShapinghe irstpiece fmolding

I Fora temolate.race hecontours

f he uppe r a i lon t o p i ece f %- inch

dda cut t ing ine o represent

bottom dge f the rstpiece f mold-

( inset),hensaw he emplaten two

he ine nddiscardhebot tom al f

he emplaten hestock ouwi l l

or hemolding ndcut t to size.Next,

hemolding lank top he emplate,

ak ing ure he astenersi l l bec lear f

outer i t . nsta l l p i lo ted anel - ra is-

ingbi tandmounthe outern a pin out -

ingat tachment .o l lowhemanufacturer 's

irect ionsorsett inghedepth f cut, hen

placehestar ter in n the ableon he

infeed ideof he bit .Asyou eed hemold-

ingblanknto he b i t ,bracehe emplate

againsthe pin (right), eepinghe mold-

ingblank gainsthe bi t 'sp i lo tbear ing.

Make ight uts , s ing smany assess

necessaryo reach our inaldepth.Repeat

the process ith he emplateeversedo

shapehemold ingor heother ide f he

chest ront . hen hapehestdemold ings

using hesame etup nda st ra ightem-

plate f thesame hickness.

r ) Shapinghesecondiece fmold ing

L m piece f mold inghat sgluedo

the rstone o bui ldup he acemold ing

is shaped y he sameprocess sed n

step . Unscrewhe i rs tp iece rom he

template,hendraw cut t ingine or hesecond i ece , f f se t t i nghe i neby he

width f he rsto iece lus% nch.Band

sawalong he mark left) .Cul and shape

thesecond i ece f m o l d i ng syoud id

the rst :Cut t to width, t tachhepiece

t o he em p l a t e ,ndshapet on hep i n

rou t i ng t t achment - th i sime,us i ng

round-overi t .Oncehemold ing as een

shaped,nscrewt from he emplatend

saw t o na lw id th .

t25



HIGHBOY

QPreparinghe acemoldings

r-,f for nstallation

Glue heparts f the acemoldingog

andhold hem ecurelyi thclamps

theadhesiveas ured, achpiece fmolding ustbecut at oneend o m

thesidemolding ndat theother n

f t aroundhe rosette. or he sidem

ing-end,etupyour able aw ora cpound utbyangl inghebladeo 45'

the mitergaugeo the angle orme

tween he straight dge f the mold

and hes ideo f the carcase hen h

mo ld ingshe ld n p lace . lamph e

mo ld ingo themi te r auge , ro tec

thestockwitha wood ad.Since he

of themoldingsstraight nd he bois curved,ouwi l l haveo feed hest

withwhatwould ormal lye he rai

end rs t .Ho ld hegauge n dmold

securely,ndpush he stock nto he c

keep ing ourhands e l lc lea r f th

blade left).Then bandsaw he wa(marked i thXs) .

INSTALIINGHECR()WN ()TDING

1 Installinghe acemoldingI Once l l hemold ingsave eenshapednd ut o ength,nstal lhequar-tercolumnspage 34).Then lamphesidemold ingn p lace s ing ro tect ivewood ads. ext, ounthe acemoldingto he a i l syou id he a lseronts fthedrawerspage 23), sing radsoalignheslock right). hemiteredndofthe acemoldinghouldestlush gainstt h e n d f h e i d em o l d i n g .l u e nd

c lamphe acemold ingo he a i l .



HIGHBOY

Preparingheupper hest

tor he idemolding

moldingsattachedo hechest

s l id ingoveta i lo in t o a l lowhe

arcaseo exoandnd ontractecausefchangesn humid i tyi thout reaktng

hemiteredoints n he ront orners,he

dovetai ledroovescut n hechest ide

witha router.nstal l dovetai li t , hen

attach commercialdge uideo he

tool's ase late nd crew wood xten-

sion o heguideenceo increasets

bearingurface.et hechest n tsside

andplacehe outer n op.Adjusthe

edge uide o hat hegrooveillbecut

lustbelowhecorneroint.With hebit

clear f hechest, tart t heback ndfeed hecutt ing dgesnto heside an-

el,pul l ingheedge uide xtensionlush

againsthe oppanel. ontinueowardhe

frontof hechest right), toppinghecut

a ittle asthehalfwayoint.

Q Installinghe idemolding

r-,1Toproducesl ideo matchhegrooven hechest,eavehedovetailit

in he outer, ounthe ool n a able,

and hapehesl iden wopasseslongtheedge fa board.hen ip hesl ide

from heboard. ositionhesidemolding

againsthechest ndmarkhesides f

thegrooven heback f hemolding.

Securehemoldingace-downna vise

and crewhesl ideo heback insei l ,

aligningt betweenhemarks. preadlu e

on hemiterednd f hemoldingnd n

the irst inchesf tsbackace,hen

slidet in placeleft)andlamp ecurely.

r27



ROSETTES

Turninghe osettes

Cut he osett e lankso f i t on heendof he acemoldings.t-

tacha blank o thecenter f a lathe aceplate,henmount hep la te n hemach ine . d jus the oo l es t o he op ace f

thescraperyoui l luse s evel i th hecenterofheblank. he

rest hould eascloseo thewood spossible i thoutouching

rt .Switch n he athe.Holdinghe ip of a round-endcraper

Rosettesre an onnnterttalfeatw'ecotl1tltot1o rttartyftu'ninre styles.

Theycttrr nke rtany lnpesarrdbe

produced n variottswttys.Thecon-

centriccircles .f he rosette t lefth lere r tnt(dorrn lot l re, rcnt i r rg

pattem thnt flowsseanilesslyf'orrt the

graceftl cLn'ves.f hecrown nnLlirg.

againsthe blank, ound ver he rosette 'suts ide dge, n

thencut the concentr icings n i ts ac e above). old h

scraper lade n he ool est o keep t steady. uton he

hand ideof heblank o preventhescraperromkicking

0nce he r ingshave een arved,emovehe ool estan

smoothhe aceof the blankwith ne-gr i t andpaperins

MAKINGHER()SETTES



HIGHBOY

M(lUNTINGHEROSETTES

r) Gluing p he osettes

Z. Positionach osetten urnon hechesi o hat tswood rain uns n he

same irections he acemolding.his

willcreatehe mpressionhat he woparts re ne ontinuousiece. arkhe

rosetteheret toucheshemolding,hen

applyome lueo hecontactingurfaces

ofboth ieces.se ne lampo securethe osetten place ndasecondright)

to keept from lidingorwardr back-

ward. rotecthestock ithwood ads.

1Preparinghe acemoldings

I for he osettes

Once oth osettesave eenurned, se

a gougeo shapehe oundednd f hemoldingso hat hecontactingurfacesfi t snuglyogether.et heupper hest

face-upna work urfacendhold hegouge pright syoupare way ood

from hemoldingleft) ntil t f ts ush

againsthe osette.



FINIALS

Traditionally sed o decoratehecor-nersoffurniture, iniak takea varietyof orms, nclu ingJlam and urn,acorn, ineapple,ndplume.The

finial abovencorporateswoshapes,a lame-and-urn n a lutedpommel

base. hisexamplesproducedfromthebottomup: First, he lutesof the

pommel regrooved n a router able(right),and hen heflameandurnare urnedon a lathe page3l). Final-Iy, he inished hape f the lamescarved yhand page 33).

SHAPINGHEPOMMEL

Cuttinghe lutesMake blankoreachinialthatssl ightlyargerhanhe inishedimensionthe opandbottom f hepommeln heblank nduseXs o ndicatehewasectionelowhepommel.sehedado eadna able awo reduceheblanthicknessetweenhe womarks. et hecutting epth t % nch. eedhebwith hemiter auge,utt ing wayhewaste i th verlappingassesneacha(inseil. he lutes re utwitha core oxbit n a table-mountedouter. et heting epth I%inch. l ignhepommelverhebit or he irst et foutsideluand ock he ence gainstheblank. oensurehatal l he lutes i l lbe heslength,lamp stop locko he ence teach nd f heblank. urn n he oand owerheblank ntohebitwith ts rai l ingnd gainsthestop lock lotoyouand tsedge gainsthe ence. eedheblank ntil t contactsheotherblock. i f t heblank,hen otatet and epeatheprocessnti l ne etof outsflutess inished.eposit ionhe ence nceo rout hemiddlelutes nd gaithesecondetof outsidelules bovd.



HIGHBOY

TURNINGHE LAME.AND.URN

1 Turninghe ylinderI Cutoff most f hewasteectione-

low hepommel,eavingcouple f nches

fora roundenon.Mountheblank na

lathe ndadjusthe ool est scloseo

theworkpiecespossibleithoutouching

it. Use roughing-outougeo roundhe

cornersf heblank bovehepommel.

Turn n he athe ndhold he io of hegouge gainsthe otatinglank. egin

wi th he ipof hegougei l ted p, hengradual lyaisehehandle nti l hebev-

e l underhe ip s ubb inggainsthe

stock nd hecutt ing dgessl icingnto

i t .Workrom he ight-handndof he

blankowardhepommel,eavingsquare

shoulderbovehepommelright). eep

the oolat hesame ngleo hework-piecehroughouthecut.Continuenti l

theblankscyl indricalnd mooth.

r) Shapinghe lame

L L uu the lankotating hile oumarkhebottom nds f

theurn nd he lame i th oenci l . se skew hiselocuta

notch eparatinghe lame nd rn, hen eginhapinghe lame

witha spindle ougeabove).heprocesss hesame s or he

cylindernstep , but nsteadf holdingtheool ta ixed ngle

to heblank,weept rom ideoside hi le ngl inghe ip o

cuta contour.ontinuenti l he lame as hedesiredhaoe.

ShapingheurnShapeheurnwith spindleougesyou id he lame.

Then se skew hiselo cuta notch efiningtheower nd

of heurn.Pressinghechiseli rmly gainsthe ool est, old

theshort oint f he ip againstheblanko cut heV-shaped

notch;eephebevel n heback f hebladeubbinggains

thestocko help ontrolhecut (above).hen se heskew

chisel nd pindleougeoshape eadselowheurn.

1 3 1



HIGHBOY

Turninghe enon ndsmoothinghe inial

Use par t ingoo l o tu rna %- inch

roundenon elowhepommel,eav

th indisk f wood gainstheheadsto

the athe. hen emovehe ool est

smoothhesurface f he nialw i ths

paper, s ing rogressivelyiner r i ts.

the papero reach roundhe beads

intocreviceslefi l . Io f nish moothin

p iece , o ld hand fu l f wood hav

underhe o ta t ingin ia l nda l low t

rubaga ins th eshav ings .omb ine

your k in i l s , heshav ingsi l l mpa

smooth nish o hesurface. nce he

isdone,urnoffandunplughe athe

leaveheblankmounted n he ool .

CARVINGHE LAME

1 SketchinsheDatternI -

I Tohe lp ou arveh e lame.mark

pr id f - i nch ouaresn heen t i re u r - * '

face f the ame ect ion. hen raw n

four qua l l ypacedp i ra li nesrom h e

hnitnm o the onnf hesect iono del in-v L ' ' v L v P

eate hehol lowsouwi l lcarven step2:

the ines houldntersectpposi teor-

nersof eac.h otnre (ripht).



HIGHBOY

r) Caruinghe lame. Removehe in ia l rom he a the nd aw f f hewaste

d isk e lowhe enon. hen lamphe in ia lo a work ur face,

using himso hold t paral lelo hebenchtop.arvehehol-

lows etweenhegrid ineswith wogouges,tarttng itha

wide-bladeoolGbove,eff).Work aral lelo hewood rain

asmuch spossib le ;o ta te nd e-c lamphe in ia l o hat

MOUNTINGHE INIALS

you an eachheentire urface, se narrowerougeo

carve sharplyefinedidge etweenach ol lowabove,

right).Nork om hebottomo he opof he ame, ring-

ingeach idgeo a po in t . hen o l lowu t he opend o re-

moveheholeef tby he athe 'sa i l s tocknd moothhe

f ame i th andpaper .

Gluinghe inialso he hest

For achinial , ore holento he o pof

the hest i th soade i t hesame iam-

eter s he enon n he inial . ocatehe

hole i rect l ybovehequar tero lumn(page 34). hiswillcreatehe mpressio

thathe olumnnd inial re singleiece

Spreadlue n he enon nd hesides f

thehole,hen it the inial n placeleft)

U se c l a m po h o l d t n p o s i t i o nn t i l

theadhesiveures.

r33



QUARTERCOLUMNS

MAKINGNDNSTATTINGHEOUARTEROTUMNS

1 Makinghe olumnsI Cut blank everalnchesongerhanthe nishedength f hecolumns,ndwide nd hick noughor henumberfquarterolumnsou eed. ip heblankin toquar te rs ,o in t he ns ideur facesof hepieces,hen lue nd lamphembackogether ithnewspapern between(inset,op). hiswil lenableou o pull

thecolumnspart asily. ncehegluesdry,mountheblank na athe.Markwolines n heblankor he ength f hecolumn nd ndicatehewaste i thXs(inset, ottom). rive crewshroughhe

wasteectionso holdhequartersogeth-er.Adjust setofoutsidealiperso hedesirediameterf hecolumn,hen urntheblanknto cylindersyou id or hefinials page3l). Periodicallyurnof fthe athe ndusehe alioersocheckhediameterf heblankright). nceouhavereducedheblanko hecorrectiameter,turn wobeads t each ndusing skewchisel nda fingernai louge.hen utthe lutesn heblank,ither yhand singagougerwith he outer nd igshown

onpage 35.

Flutedquarter columnsadd a strong

visualframework to thehighboy.

Separatingnd nstallingthe olumns

Once l l he lutes ave eenmacutawayhewaste n heendstheblank. hen se wood histo pry

heglued-upuarter

olumapart. oldingheblank prigha work urface,ork hechiseliintoa seam n heendof hestoPushheblade eepernto hesea(left)until heblank eparatehalf Pry hehalvesntoquartethenuse scrapero cleanhegl

andnewspaperrom heco lumTo nstal lhe olumnsn he hespreadome lueon heir nsidsurfacesndclamphem n pla



HIGHBOY

A ROUTER.LATHEIGFOR TUTINGqUARTEROTUMNS

With hebox-l ikeigshownelow,ou

can out lutesna quarterolumn

blank hilet smountedn he athe.

Cut heparts f he ig rom%-inchplywood,xceptor he op,whichs

maderom%-inchlear crylic.hej igshould e ong ndwide nough

io supporthe outer ndhigh nough

to holdhe ool ustabovehecolumn

blank henhe ig bottomests n

the athe ed.Oncehe op,bottom,

and ides reassembled,dd wo

verticalracesomakehe ig more

rigid.Resthe igon he athe ed.

Installdouble-bearingilotedlu f

ingbit nyourouter,rilla bitclear-

ance olehroughhe ig op,and

screwhe ool's ase lateo he ig .

The outer hould epositionedo

thebitwi l l iealongsidehecolumn

blank henhe ig sused. ext, ar k

cuttinginesor he lutes n heblank,

thenmountheblank n he athe.

Besure ll ools reunpluggedur -

ing etup. djusthecutt ing epth

on he outer o hebit sal igned

with hecutt ingine t hemidpoint

of heblank. ighten handscrew

aroundhe athe rive hafto keep

it from otati ng.lamp top locks

to he athe ed o hatall he luteswil lbe he ameength.

Touse he ig,butt t againstne

stop lock,urnon he outer ndpush n heside f he ig o eed

thebit nto heblank.ncehepilots

are lush gainsthestock, lidehej igalonghe athe edunti l t con-

tacts heother top lo ck. eephepilots ressedgainsthestock

asyou out he lute. urn ff he

router,emovehehandscrewnd

rotateheblank yhand o al ign

thenext utt inginewith hebit,

and e insta l lhehandscrew.ut

the emaininglules below).

1 3 5



APPLIEDSCULPTURES

Scallop hells, tylized unburstsnd

fanswere opularcarvings pplied o

Queen nne,Georgian,nd Chippendale

furniture hroughouthe18thCentury.

Carved y hand,decorative otifs iketheoneat rightwere ommonlyfoundon theaprons f highboys. heywere

alsousedo adorn heknees f cabriolelegs ndthe rontsof central rawers.

A SAMPLINGFFAN ND HEttMOTIFS

QueenAnne ecallop ahell Re1ency lower LouiaXIVshell

ChippendaleeaallopshellueenAnne an Chippendaleehell



HIGHBOY

NDAPPLYINGSCALLOPHELL

1 Sculptinghe hell urface

I Drawheshel l atternul l -sizena sheet fpaper,hen

transferour esignoa hardwoodlank f hedesiredhickness.

Cut heedgesf heblank n heband aw nd astent oa

backupoard. ecurehebackupoardo awork urface.tart

sculptinghesurfacef heshell sing flatgougeabove,eft),

workingn hedirectionf hewood rain. henransferhe

ve in inesrom our a t terno heb lank, nd se par t ing

chiselo etch he inesnto hewoodabove,ight). utfrom

thebottom f heblanko he op; o avoidearout,top ach

cutnearhe opand ompletet romheoppositeirection.

Roundinghe ays

Once l l heveins ave een ut ,use

the latgougeo roundhecontoursf he

rays etweenhe ein ines. tart ymak-

rnghe urfacesfal l he ays onvexor

crowningutward).o nish arvinghepattern,arve concaveal leynto very

secondaywitha narrow-bladeouge(lefil.fhe urfacesf adjacentays hould

curvenopposi tei rect ions,l te rnat in

betweenonvexnd oncave.se part-

ing oo l ocarvehe einsn hewings

at he ower ides f heshel l photo,

page 36).Once ou re atisfedwith

theshapef he he l l , andhesur face

l ightly.hen etacht rom hebackup

boardnd luet inplace n he ront f

the owerhest, sing radsohelp ocate

i t (page 23)and lampso hold t tnplace hi leheadhesiver ies.

t37



HIGHBOY

MAKINGNDMOUNTINGHE PPLIEDOLDING

r) Cuttingwayhe emainingasteL Onceouhaveinishedhapingneedge f hevolute,etachhemoldingfrom hewaste singheband aw. okeephebladerom indingn hekerf,make releaseut hroughhewaste,stoppingt hepatternine. hen awalonghe ine,eedingheworkpiecei thboth andsright).Make ure hatneitherhands n inewith heblade.

1 Shapinghe olutesn he outeraI The urved oldings,al led oluwhich ecorate

heaoron f he owchest, re hapedartiallyith he ouasshown t eft, ndpartiallyyhandinstep . Start ymaking cardbotemplatef hemolding,hen ransyour atterno a workpiecef hedesthickness.eave nough aste n hstock o feed t safely crosshe outable. utalong ne f hepatterninon heband aw, xposingne dgethemolding.oshapehisedge,nsa p i lo tedound-overi t na router

mounthe oo l n a tab le . a therhamakinghe u t reehand,lamp pivpointo he ablen inewith hebit,usa braceo steadyt. Asyou eed hewopiecento hebit,bracehestock gathepivotpoint left).Make ure ouketheworkpiecelush gainsthebitpi l



HIGHBOY

Hand-shapinghe econddg e

backupoardo awork ur-

lamphemoldingo heboard.

heseconddge f hevolute

agouge,opyingheprofile roducedhe routerbit in step (right). hape

edge nti l tscontoursre mooth;

asmuch spossibleo cutwith he

emovehemoldingromheback-

p board nd andhesurfaceightly.

Mountinghe olutes

Spread hin, venayer fglue

on hecontactingurfacesf he

moldingnd he hest. lamphe

vo l u t enp l a ce ,i n i n gt u p l u sh

with heedge f hebottomailand

leavingsmall pace etweent

and hewing f hesca l lophe l l(\efl.Use woclampsoreach iece

ofmolding.

r39



GLOSSARY

A-B-CAir-driedlumber: Lumber that hasreachedts equilibrium moisturecontentby exposureo unheatedair.

Batten:A board fastened crosshegrain ofa flat surface uchasa chestlid to minimize warping.

Bevelcut A cut at an angle romface-to-face long he lengthorwidth of a workp.iece. eimiter cut.

Biscuit joinfi See late oint.

Board foot A unit of wood vol-ume measurement quivalent o apieceof wood

I inch thick and 12inchessquare.

Boundwater: Moisture presentnthe cellwallsof wood. It remainsevenafterdrying; seereewater.

Cabriole leg:A styleof furniture leecharacterize?v rbundedcontoursdesigned o imilate the hind legof aleapinganimal.

CarcaseThe boxJike foundation

of apieceof furniture; made romsolidpanels.

Cockbeading:Narrow projectingmoldingsurrounding he nsideedgeof a draweropening.

Cope-and-stick oint: A method ofjoining stilesand rails n frame-and-panelconstruction.Tonguesn therailsmeshwith groovesn the stiles;a decorativemolding s cut alongthe nsideedgeof thE rame.

Cornice or crown molding:Molding attached o the top of apieceof furniture; typically mount-ed aboveeye eveland angledout-wardsat 45o.

Crosscut A cut madeacrosshegrain of a workpiece.

Cuttinglist A list of the dimen-sionsof the lumber

needed or aspecificproject.

D-E-FDado:A rectangular hannelcutinto a workpiece.

Dentil molding: A decorativedetailconsistingof a row of small,evenlyspaced arsor teeth;usuallyaddedto cornicemolding.

Doretail joint A method ofjoinery

using nterlockingpins and tails;the name derivesrom the distinc-tiveshape ut into the endsof thejoining boards.

Dowel center:A metal rylinderthat is nserted nto a dowelholetopinpoint a matchinghole n a mat-ing workpiece.

Drawer slide:A strip of wood or acommercialmetaldevice ixedto acarcaseo supporta drawer.

Dust frame: A frame-and-panelassemblynstalledat the bottom ofapieceof furniture or between hedrawers o preventdustfrom entering.

Edgegluing:Bondingboards ogeth-er edge-to-edgeo form apanel.

Equilibrium moisture content:The moisturecontent hat woodeventually reacheswhen it isexposedo agiven evelofrelative

humidity and temperature.

Escutcheon:A decorativeittinginstalledaround a keyhole o prevent damageto he surroundingwood by the key.

Face rame A decorative rameattached o the front ofa carcasebasedbookcase, abinet,or armoalsoserveso stiffenthe structure

False ronfi A pieceof veneerorwood fixedto the front of a drawusually o concealts oinery.

Fiber saturation point A conditiin which wood cell cavitiesare reof all water while the cellwalls

remain fully saturated.

Finiat An ornament-usuallyturned andcarved-projectirigfrom the uppercornersof a fuini-ture piecesuchasa highboy.

Frame-and-paneloinery: A methof assembling oorsandcabinetsidesusing ramesenclosingpan-els hat float m grooveso accommodateshrinkage ndswelling fthe wood.

Freewater: Moisture present n thcell cavitiesof wood,so calledbecauset is free o evaporate urithe drying process;ee-boundat

G-H-r-l-KHeadstoclcThe shaft attached othe motor of a athe;holdswork fospindle-turningn conjunctionwthe tailstockor for turning with afaceplate.See ailstock

Highboy: An elegant18thCenturstyleofdresser, onsisting fanupper and ower chest.



Keybit: The part of a key thatengageshe locking mechanism.

Kiln-dried lumber: Lumber that

hasbeendried with heat o a specif-ic moisture content.

Kneeblock A contouredpieceofwood used o ioin the curved inesof a cabriole169with the bottomchestof a dresser r chest.

L-M-NMarquetry: Decorative nlays ofveneer,metal, or othermaterials.

Median rail A horizontal member

between he upper and ower railsof a frame,dividing he openinginto two sections.

Miter cut A cut that anglesacrossthe faceof a workpiece.Seebevel ut.

Miter-and-spline joint A miteredjoint that is reinforcedwith a spline,or strip of wood,let into thepieces.

Moisture content The amount ofwatercontained n wood, expressed

asa percentage f the wood's oven-dried weight.

Molding: Decorativestrips ofwood used o embellishapieceoffurniture; see entil and cornicemoWing.Decoration may alsobecarvedon the edgeofthe piecewith a router.

Mortise-and-tenon oint A joinery

technique n which a projectingtenon on one board fits into a cavity-the

mortise-in another.

Mullion: A verticalmemberbetweenthe outsidestilesof a frame:alsoknown asamuntin.

O-P-QPediment Archedor S-shapedmolding mounted on the upperrail of a dresser; lsoknown as

crown molding.

Pilaster:A decorative oard fixedalong he full length of the frontstilesof a cabinet.

Plate oint A method ofjoiningwood in which oval wafersof com-pressedwood fit into slotscut inmating boards.

Pommet Thebottom sectionof afinial; rectangular haped, ome-

times fluted.

Quarter column: A turned andsometimes luted column set nniches n the front cornersof high-boys and other pieces f 18thCentury furniture.

QueenAnne:A sryleof furniturethat emergedn the early18thCentury, character zed by gracefu,flowing lines.

R-SRabbet A step-likecut in the edgeor end of a board; usually orms partof a oint.

Radial shrinkage: Shrinkage hatoccursacross he growth rings aswood dries.

Raift The horizontal member of afr ame-and-panelassembly.

RaisedpaneLA pieceof wood with

bevelededges hat create he illusionthat the centralportion is raised.

Relativehumidity: The ratio ofwater vaporpresentn the air com-pared o the amount the air wouldhold at its saturationpoint, usuallyexpressed sapercentageigure.

Release ut A preliminary incisionfrom the edgeof aworkpiece o aline about to be cut: enables bandsawor saber aw o cut tighter curves

by facilitating he removalof wastewood. Also known asa relief cut.

Rip cut: A cut following thegrain ofa workpiece-usually along ts length.

Rosette A circular ornament foundat the end of crown molding on hig-boys; ypically turned on the lathe.

Scallopshel} A decorative, arvedmotif found on the bottom apronsofhighboys and other piecesof 18th

Century furniture.

Seasoning: he process r techniqueof removing moisture from greenwood to improve ts workability.

Slidingdovetail joint A joinerymethod in which a dovetailedslideon onepiece its into a matchinggrooYe n the other.

Stile:The vertical member of aframe-and-panelassembly.

T-U-V-W-X-Y-ZTirilstock The adiustable haft on alathe;used n conjunctionwith theheadstock o hold work for spindleturning. Seeheadstock.

Tbngential shrinkage Woodshrinkage hat occurs angential othe growth rings.

Volute: An S-shaped croll carvingmounted on the bottom apron of

highboysand manyotherpiecesof furniture.



INDEX

Page eferencs n italics ndicatean llustrationof subiectmatter.Page eferencesn bdld indicatea Build It Yourselfproiect.

A-B-CApplied sculptures,36 137Armoires,60,61,62

Decorative eaturescornice moldings, 66-69dentil moldings, Zlpilasters,64-65shapingpilasterson the table

saw ShopTip), 65Doors,72-73

glass, 1,73,78hanging,72,79-82

Hardware. 63adjustable evelerc,63,71clock-case inges,

63, 80-81lacehinges, 63, 79locks,63,83rat-tail hinges,63, 82

LeveIing,TlBand saws:

salvaging upped stock on the bandsaw ShopTip),21

Becksvoort, hris,8-9Belt sanders, 3Biscuit oints.See lateointsBlanket hests, 4-85,86

Bottomassembliesbasemoldings,85,96feet, 93-95,97-99

Decorative eaturesescutcheons,7,101inlays,87, 104-105

Hardware, SThandles, 7,100,103hinges, 7,88-89locks,8Z100-102

Topsinlays,104105moldings,9I-92pianohinges, 8

Board-footmeasurementlG 17Bookcases,G7, 40-41,42

Anchoring bookcaseso the wall(Shop

Tip), 59Basemoldings,56-57Bottom braces,57Connecting bookcasesogether,59Decorative eatures, 1,52,54,57

face rames, 54-55moldings,4Irouting decorativedetails,58

Feet,56, 7,58-59Hardware.43-44

threadedconnectors.59See lsoShelves

Build It Yourself:Radial arm saws

miter igs,70Routers

hinge mortising jigs,90

routerJathe igs for flutingquartercolumns,135

Tablesawsraised anel igs,37

Cabinetmaking,8, 3Projectplanning,7

Cabinets.SeeArmoires; Blanketchests;Highboys

Cabriole egs,112-115, 17Carcases:

Backpanels, IEdge-glued oards, 13Gluing up,28See lsoFrame-and-panel onstruc-

tion; foineryChests.SeeBlanketchests;HighboysChisels,fr ont endpaperClamps:

Springboardclamps or edgegluing(ShopTip), 53

Cockbeading, 18-119Cope-and-stickoints,35Cornercupboards,0- I -Cornicemoldings,66-69Crosscutting,22Crown moldings,124- 27

Bookcases,42Curio cabinets, 1,73,78Cutting lists, 18

D-E-FDecorative echnioues:

Applied sculptu?es, 36- 37Face rames.54-55Finials,130-133Hardware

escutcheons,7,101Inlays,87, 104-105Pilasters. 465

shapingpilasterson the table saw(ShopTip), 65

Quartercolumns, 134,135Rosettes, 28-129

Routing decorative eatures(ShopTip), 58See lsoMoldings

Dentil moldings, ZlDisplaycabinets,61, 73, 78Doors:

Armoire* T2-73fiame-and-panelconstruction,

7i-78glass, 1,7j,78hanging,72,79-82

Dovetail oints:Blanketchests. 4Hand-cut, 12,2G28

cutting awaywastewith a copisaw ShopTip),27

Shelves. 0-51Drawers,120-123

Adjustabledrawerstops(ShopTrp), 123

Blanketchests, 7See lsoHighboys

Drills:Shelf-drilling jigs,45, 46Shop-madeshelf-drilling igs

(ShopTip), 46Edge-gluedoards,13, 4-25Edgemoldings,52-5i

Adding edgemolding to plywood(ShopTip),25

Springboardclamps or edgeglu(ShopTip), 53Escutcheons,7,101Face rames.54-55Feet:

Adj ustable eveler , 63- 7Bracket eet,93-95

ogeebracket feet,97-99Turned, 58-59SeealsoLegs

Finials,130-133Frame-and-panel onstruction, 32-

Carcase ssembly, 9Cope-and-stickoints,35Doors,73-77

glass,28Mortise-and-tenonoints,33-34Raised anels, 6,37, 38

G-H.IGluing:

Carcases. 8Edge-glued oards,24-25Springboardclamps or edgeglu

(ShopTip), 53Gotges,front endpaperHand-crafting:

Dovetail oints,12,2G28Hardware:

Adjustable evelers, 3, 71Locks,63, 83,87, 100-102See lsoHinges;subheading

Hardwareunder types of cabinHighboys,106, 07, 108- 09

Decorative eaturesappliedsculptures, 36- 37cockbeading, 18- 19crown moldin gs,124-127finials,130-133quartercolumns, 134,135rosettes, 28-129volutes.138-139



Drawers,1 U 111, 120- 23adjustabledrawer stops Shop

Tip), 123Dust shields. 02Legs,112-115,17

Lower chest,109,116-117Upper chest, l0

Hinges:Hinge mortising jigs,90Tlpes of furniture

armoires, 3,79-82blanket chests, Z 88-89

Typesofhingesbutt hinges,82, 89clock-case inges, 3, 80- 1lacehinges, 63, 79piano hinges, 8rat-tail hinges,63,82

Inlays,87,104-105

I-K-tfigs:

CIampsspringboardclamps or edge

gluing(ShopTip), 53Drills

shelf-drilling igs, 45, 46shop-madeshelf-drilling igs

(ShopTip), 46Radial arm saws

miter igs,70Routers

jigs for routing evenlyspaceddadoes ShopTip), 49

router-lathe igs for fluting quartercolumns.135Table saws

cove-cutting igs, 69raised anel igs,37

loinery,24Cope-and-stickoints, 35Mortise-and-tenonoints,33-34Plate oints, 24, 29-30,85Wood g rain, 15See lsoDovetail oints

lointing,20Lathes:

Router-lathe igs for fluting quartercolumns,135

Tools, ront endpaperLegs:

Cabriole, 12-115,117SeealsoFeet

Locks:Armoires, 63, 83Blanketchests, Z 100-102

Loeven,Fr€d6ric,7

Lumber,16-17Defects, 9

salvaging upped stock on thebandsaw ShopTip),2l

Grades,backendpaper

Measurement, ackendpaper, G17cutting ists,18

Selection,6-17Shrinkage/swelling, 14- 15Surfacing/dre sing, 0-23SeealsoWood

M-N-OMoldings:

Cockbeading, 18- 19Cornicemoldings,66-68Crown moldings, 124-127Dentil moldings, ZIEdgemoldings, 52-53

adding edgemolding to plywood

(ShopTip),25springboardclamps or edge

gluing(ShopTip), 53Integralmoldings,92

Iigsradial arm sawmiter jigs,70table sawcove-cuttingguides,69

Volutes, 38-1i9Morcel, Nain,6-7Mortise-and-tenonoints:

Frame-and-panei onstruction,3i-i4

Ogeebracket eet,97-99

P-Q-RPanels:Edge-glued oards, 13,24-25Frame-and-panelonstruction,

32-39raised anels, 6,37,38

Pediments, 2, 124-127Pilasters, 4-65

shapingpilasterson the table saw(ShopTip), 65

Planing,2lPlate oints, 24, 29-30,85Plywood:

Edge reatments,52-53adding edgemolding to plywood

(Shop ip),25Projectplanning,17

Quartercolumns, 134,135Radialarm saws:

Miter jigs,70Raisedpanels 36, 37, 38Ripping,22Rodriguez,Mario, -10-1

Rosettes, 28- 29Routers:

Hinge mortising jigs,90Integral moldings, 92

|igs for routing evenlyspaced adoes

(ShopTip), 49Raisedpanels,38Router-lathe igs for fluting quarter

columns,135

S.T-U-VSafetyprecautions,front endp perSanding,23Sculpture.SeeDecorative echniquesShelves, 3

Adjastable, 45-49Edge reatments,52-53

adding edgemolding to plywood(ShopTip),25

springboardclamps or edge

gluing(ShopTip), 53Fixed,50-5IHardwarc,43,44

standardsand clips,43, 48threadedshelf supports, 43, 45-46

loinery, 50-51Supports, 3,45-51

jigs for routing evenlyspaceddadoes ShopTip), 49

shop-madeshelf-drilling igs(ShopTip), 46

ShopTips:Armoires,65Bookcases, 6, 49, 53,58

Cabinetmakingbasics,21, 23, 26, 27Highboys, 23Table saws. 2

Cornice moldings, 69Making repeatcutswith the table

saw ShopTip),23Raised anels, 6,37Shapingpilasterson the table saw

(ShopTip), 65Tools:

Safetyprecautions,front endp perTurning and carving ools,

front endpaperSee lsoDrills; Radial arm saws;

Routers: ablesaws

Volutes. 38-139

W.X-Y-ZWall units. SeeBookcasesWardrobes.SeeArmoiresWood:

Grain,15See lsoLumber

143



ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Theeditorswish o thank he ollowing

CABINETMAKING BASICSAdjustable lampCo.,Chicago,L; Delta nternationalMachinery/Porterable,Guelph,Ont.;

FreudWestmore ools,Ltd.,Mississauga,nt.;GreatNeckSawMfrs. nc. (BuckBros.Division),Millbury,MA;LeeValleyToolsLtd.,Ottawa,Ont.;Sandvik aws ndToolsCo.,Scranton, A;Shopsmith,nc.,Montreal,Que.;

StanleyTools,Divisionof the StanleyWorks, New Britain,CT; Steiner-Lamello .G.Switzerland/Colonial awCo., Kingston,MA

AdjustableClamp Co., Chicago, r, o-..i..rur?3[:t:Etin.oln, NE; Black& Decker/EluPowerTools,Towson,MD; LesBoisM & M ltde.,St-Mathieu,Que.;Delta nternationalMachineryiPorterable,Guelph,Ont.;

FreudWestmore ools,Ltd.,Mississauga,nt.;Griset ndustries,nc.,Santa na,CA; LeeValleyToolsLtd.,Ottawa,Ont.; Sandvik aws ndToolsCo.,Scranton, A;Sears, oebuck nd Co.,Chicago,L; Shopsmith,nc.,

Montreal,Que.;Steiner-Lamello.G.Switzerland/ColonialawCo.,Kingston,MA; VeritasTools nc.,Ottawa,Ont./Ogdensburg, Y

ARMOIREAdjustable lampCo.,Chicago,L; Black& Decker/Elu owerTools,Towson,MD; Delta nternational

Machinery/PorterCable,Guelph,Ont.;Allan Flegg,Montreal,Que.;FreudWestmoreTools,Ltd.,Mississauga,nt.; GreatNeckSawMfrs. nc. (BuckBros.Division),Millbury,MA; LeeValleyToolsLtd.,

Ottawa,Ont.;Sears, oebuck nd Co.,Chicago,L; Shopsmith,nc.,Montreal,Que.;Stanley ools,Divisionof the StanleyWorks, New Britain, CT;VermontAmericanCorp., Lincolnton,NC and Louisville,KY

BI-ANKETCHESTAdjustable lampCo.,Chicago,L; AmericanToolCos., incoln,NE; Black& Decker/Elu owerTools,Towson,MD; Delta nternationalMachinery/Porterable,Guelph,Ont.;FreudWestmore ools,Ltd.,

Mississauga,nt.; General oolsManufacturing o., nc.,NewYork,NY;GreatNeckSawMfrs. nc. (BuckBros.Division), Millbury, MA; Alain Morcel,LesRdalisations oeven-Morcel,Montreal,Que.;SandvikSaws nd

ToolsCo., Scranton,PA; Stanley ools,Divisionof the StanleyWorks,New Britain, CT; Steiner-Lamello .G.Switzerland/ColonialawCo.,'Kingston, A; VermontAmericanCorp.,Lincolnton,NC andLouisville, Y

HIGHBOYAdjustable lampCo.,Chicago,L; AmericanTool Cos., incoln,NE;Anglo-American nterprisesorp.,

Somerdale, J; Black& Decker/EluPowerTools,Towson,MD; Delta nternationalMachinerylPorterCable,Guelph,Ont.;FreudWestmore ools,Ltd.,Mississauga,nt.;GreatNeckSawMfrs. nc. (BuckBros.Division),Millbury, MA; Hitachi PowerToolsU.S.A.Ltd.,Norcross,GA; RobertLarsonCompany, nc.,SanFrancisco,CA;Alain Morcel,LesR6alisationsoeven-Morcel, ontreal,Que.;Shopsmith,nc.,Dayton,OH andMontreal,Que.;

RobertSorbyLtd.,Sheffield,U.K./BusyBeeMachineTools,Concord,Onl

Theollowingpersons lsoassistedn thepreparation f this book:

Lorraine Dor6,DominiqueGagn€,Graphor Consultation,GeneviiveMonette,Brian Parsons, .Gail Sowerby

FURNITURECREDITS

Cover LesR6alisations oeven-Morcel,Montr6al,Qudbec40 GilesMiller-Mead,Brome,Qu6bec

60,6l GilesMiller-Mead,Brome,Qu€bec nd ean-Frangoisrunelle, t-Bruno,Qu6bec84,106LesRdalisationsoeven-Morcel, ontrdal,Qudbec

PICTURECREDITS

Cover RobertChartier6,7 MarkTomalty8,9 Tom Stewart

10, l GraceHuang



WORKSHOPUIDELUMBERRADESOR ABINETMAKING

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2-by-4

2-by-6

2-by-B

2-by-10

Z-by-12

4-by-4



The Art of Woodworking - Cabinets and Bookcases 1993

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