facebook AMERICAN LITERATURE Wall Photos AMERICAN LITERATURE Logout Wall Info Photos Like other national literatures, American literature was shaped by the history of the country that produced it. By the end of the 19th century, it had taken its place among the powers of the world—its fortunes so interrelated with those of other nations that inevitably it became involved in two world wars and, following these conflicts, with the problems of Europe and East Asia. Update status Share Info Links Wall Friends Photos Additional Information on American Literature http://public.ws u.edu/~campbelld /amlit/ http://www.brita nnica.com/EBchec ked/topic/19939/ American-literat ure
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The American Literature: A Throwback to the Rich History of Now the Most Powerful Nation
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AMERICAN LITERATURE
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Like other national literatures, American literature was shaped by the history of the country that produced it. By the end of the 19th century, it had taken its place among the powers of the world—its fortunes so interrelated with those of other nations that inevitably it became involved in two world wars and, following these conflicts, with the problems of Europe and East Asia.
Meanwhile, the rise of science and industry, as well as changes in ways of thinking and feeling, wrought many modifications in people’s lives. All these factors in the development of the United States molded the literature of the country.
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Major themes in American LiteratureLike · Comment · See Friendship
Hometown: Northampton, United Kingdom Sex: Female Birthday: March 20, 1612Died: September 16, 1672Relationship Status: Married to Simon BradstreetFamous Works: To My Dear and Loving Husband;
The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America
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She was the first published poetLike · Comment · See Friendship
The daughter of Thomas Dudley, a steward of the Earl of Lincoln, and Dorothy Yorke.Like · Comment · See Friendship
Hometown: Jamestown, VirginiaSex: Male Birthday: January 1580Died: June 21, 1631Famous Works: The Legend of Pocahontas; New England;
General History of Virginia; Summer Isle
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An English soldier and explorer, was famous for his role in the founding and settling of Jamestown, the first permanent English settlement in AmericaLike · Comment · See Friendship
For John, the New World was a new Eden, a paradise with unlimited potential.Like · Comment · See Friendship
This period puts emphasis on reason as opposed to faith alone; rise of empirical science, philosophy, theology.
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Ben Franklin
Thomas Paine
Abegail Adams
Writing are instructive in values highly ornate writing style; highly political and patriotic.Like · Comment · See Friendship
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There is also a shirt to a more print-based culture; literacy seen as a sign of status.Like · Comment · See Friendship
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Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790)
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Hometown: Boston, Massachusetts, United States Sex: Male Birthday: January 17, 1706Died: April 17, 1790Relationship Status: Married to Deborah ReadFamous Works: Poor Richard's Almanac;
The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin“The Speech of Miss Polly Baker”
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Franklin was among America's greatest writers. In the realm of literature, his autobiography was one of the finest and widely read in the genre.Like · Comment · See Friendship
“God helps them that help themselves.”Like · Comment · See Friendship
Hometown: Thetford, England.Sex: Male Birthday: January 29, 1737Died: June 8, 1809Relationship Status: Married to Elizabeth Ollive and Mary Lambert
Famous Works: The American Crisis; Common Sense
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He communicated the ideas of the Revolution to common farmers as easily as to intellectuals, creating prose that stirred the hearts of the fledgling United States. He had a grand vision for society: he was staunchly anti-slavery, and he was one of the first to advocate a world peace organization and social security for the poor and elderly.Like · Comment · See Friendship
Historical Context:a. Expansion of book publishing, magazines,
newspapersb. Industrial Revolutionc. Abolitionist movement
Genre and Style:Short stories, novels, poetry
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ROMANTICISM 1800-1855
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Romanticism is a philosophical reaction to the previous decades in which reason and rational thought dominate. Further, it emphasizes the universal human experience.
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Washington Irving
Nathaniel Hawthorne
Edgar Allan Poe
Imagination over reason; intuition over facts.Like · Comment · See Friendship
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During this period, writers celebrated individualism, nature, imagination, creativity and emotions.Like · Comment · See Friendship
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ROMANTICISM (1800-1855)
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Edgar Allan Poe (1809-1849)
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Hometown: Boston, Massachusetts, United States Sex: Male Birthday: January 19, 1809Died: October 7, 1849Relationship Status: Married to Virginia Eliza Clemm PoeFamous Works: The Raven; Annabel Lee; The Masque of
the Red Death; The cask of Amontillado
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Edgar Allan Poe is an American author, poet, editor, and literary critic, considered part of the American Romantic Movement.Like · Comment · See Friendship
Poe has a lousy childhood and has substance abuse problemLike · Comment · See Friendship
Hometown: Manhattan, New York, United States Sex: Male Birthday: April 3, 1783Died: November 28, 1859Famous Works: Rip Van Winkle; Devil and Tom Walker
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Irving was the first famous American writer; called “father of American Lit”. He wrote short stories, travel books and satires. Like · Comment · See Friendship
He was named Washington after the hero of the American revolution (which had just ended).Like · Comment · See Friendship
Transcendentalism first arose among New England congregationalists, who differed from orthodox Calvinism on two issues.
They rejected predestination, and they emphasized the unity instead of the trinity of God. Following the skepticism of David Hume, the transcendentalists took the stance that empirical proofs of religion were not possible.
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Transcendentalism 1840-1855
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Transcendentalism comes to America from Europe. It stresses individualism, intuition, nature and self-reliance.
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Belief that man’s nature is inherently good; “divine spark or “inner light”.Like · Comment · See Friendship
Henry Davin Thoreau
David Waldo Emerson
Margaret Fuller
Belief that man and society are perfectible (utopia)Like · Comment · See Friendship
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Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-1882)
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Hometown: Boston, Massachusetts, United States Sex: Male Birthday: May 25, 1803Died: April 27, 1882Relationship Status: Married to Lydia Jackson EmersonFamous Works: The Snow-Storm; The Amulet; The Apology
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His writings helped establish the philosophy of individualism, an idea deeply embedded in American cultureLike · Comment · See Friendship
He was an American essayist, lecturer, and poet, who led the Transcendentalist movement. He was seen as a prescient critic of the countervailing pressures of society. Like · Comment · See Friendship
Henry Wadsworth LongfellowLike · Comment · See Friendship
Emily DickinsonLike · Comment · See Friendship
Walt WhitmanLike · Comment · See Friendship
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Emily Dickinson (1830-1886)
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Hometown: Amherst, Massachusetts, United States Sex: Female Birthday: December 10, 1830Died: May 15, 1886Famous Works: Hope is the Thing with Feathers;
Because I could not stop for Death-
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Emily Elizabeth Dickinson was an American poet. Born in Amherst, Massachusetts, to a successful family with strong community ties, she lived a mostly introverted and reclusive life.Like · Comment · See Friendship
Her poetry broke with convention; didn’t look right; didn’t rhyme; too bold; too radicalLike · Comment · See Friendship
Historical Contexta. Civil war brings demand for a “truer” type of
literatureb. People in society defined by “class”c. Reflect ideas of Darwin (survival of the fittest)
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REALISM 1865-1915
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Focuses on lives of ordinary people; rejected heroic and adventurous. It is also anti-materialism and rejects new “class” system.
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Mark Twain
Harriet Beecher Stowe
Abraham Lincoln
It viewed nature as a powerful and indifferent force beyond man’s control.Like · Comment · See Friendship
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Realist believed that while good always triumph over evil, it may not happen in every case in this life.Like · Comment · See Friendship
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The Civil War 1855-1865
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Lirio P. Sambaoa
Famous Authors
Harriet Beecher StoweLik e · Comment · See Friendship
Frederick DouglasLike · Comment · See Friendship
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Harriet Beecher Stowe (1811-1896)
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Hometown: Connecticut, United States Sex: Female Birthday: June 14, 1811Died: July 1, 1896Famous Work: Uncle Tom’s Cabin
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The most famous woman of her dayLike · Comment · See Friendship
Her book, uncle Tom’s Cabin was considered the most influential bool of the 19th century. It was the first to sell 1 million copies and became the most effective propaganda that helped fuel the Civil War.Like · Comment · See Friendship
Hometown: Florida, Missouri, United States Sex: Male Birthday: November 30, 1835Died: April 21, 1910Famous Work: The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn; Tom Sawyer
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Samuel Langhorne Clemens, better known by his pen name Mark Twain, was an American author and humorist. He wrote The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and its sequel, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, the latter often called "the Great American Novel." Like · Comment · See Friendship
“If you tell the truth, you don't have to remember anything.” Like · Comment · See Friendship
Historical Contexta. Overwhelming technological changesb. World War I : first war of mass destructionc. Grief over loss of past; fear of eroding
traditionsd. Rise of youth culture
Genre/Stylee. Writing is highly experimental; stream of
consciousness, use of fragmentsf. Dominant mood: alienation/disconnection
Precious Mae O. Pacatang
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MODERNISM 1915-1945
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Modernism is characterized by a self-conscious break with traditional styles of poetry and verse. Modernists experimented with literary form and expression.
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Ernest Hemingway
William Faulkner
F. Scott Fitzgerald
The modernist literary movement was driven by a conscious desire to overturn traditional modes of representation and express the new sensibilities of their time.Like · Comment · See Friendship
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William Faulkner (1897-1962)
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Hometown: New Albany, Mississippi, United StatesSex: Male Birthday: September 25, 1897Died: July 6, 1962Awards: Nobel Prize in Literature, Pulitzer; Prize for FictionFamous Work: The Sound and the Fury; As I Lay Dying
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The most original writer of his time.Like · Comment · See Friendship
William Cuthbert Faulkner, also known as Will Faulkner, was an American writer and Nobel Prize laureate from Oxford, Mississippi. Faulkner worked in a variety of written media, including novels, short stories, a play, poetry, essays and screenplays. Like · Comment · See Friendship
Historical Contexta. Media saturated culture: people observe life
as media presents it rather than experiencing life directly.
b. Insistence that values are not permanent but only “local” or “historical”
c. Media culture interprets valuesd. Post WWII prosperitye. People beginning a new century and new
milleniumf. Social protest
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CONTEMPORARY 1945-PRESENT
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Writings during this period are concern with individual in isolation; usually detached, unemotional and usually humorless.
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J.D. Salinger
Stephen King
Anne Sexton
Most of the writings are mix of fantasy and nonfiction. Like · Comment · See Friendship
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No heroes/Anti-heroesLike · Comment · See Friendship
Emergence of ethnic and women writersLike · Comment · See Friendship
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Anne Sexton (1928 - 1974)
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Hometown: Newton, Massachusetts, United StatesSex: Female Birthday: November 9, 1928Died: October 4, 1974Awards: Pulitzer Prize for poetryFamous Work: Live or die
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Themes of her poetry include her long battle against depression and mania, suicidal tendencies, and various intimate details from her private life, including her relationships with her husband and children.Like · Comment · See Friendship
She died at the age of 45 by committing suicide.Like · Comment · See Friendship