The Age of Exploration ► SSH1: The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact European exploration and settlement.

The Age of ExplorationThe Age of Exploration► SSH1: The student will evaluate the development SSH1: The student will evaluate the development

of Native American cultures and the impact of Native American cultures and the impact European exploration and settlement on the European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in GeorgiaNative American cultures in Georgia

► Essential Understandings:Essential Understandings:

**Evaluate the impact of European contact on Evaluate the impact of European contact on

Native American culturesNative American cultures

**Explain the reasons for European Explain the reasons for European exploration exploration

of North American and settlementof North American and settlement

The Age of Exploration & The Age of Exploration & DiscoveryDiscovery

►The Major PlayersThe Major Players►PortugalPortugal: Navigation Experts: Navigation Experts►SpainSpain: Funded Columbus’ : Funded Columbus’

voyage west to find Northwest voyage west to find Northwest PassagePassage

►FranceFrance: Sailed up the NA east : Sailed up the NA east coast to Nova Scotiacoast to Nova Scotia

►EnglandEngland: Fights rival Spain for : Fights rival Spain for control of the New World by control of the New World by colonizing North Americacolonizing North America

The Age of Discovery The Age of Discovery & Exploration& Exploration

Motives for Motives for ExplorationExploration

God God

Gold Gold

GloryGlory

The Age of ExplorationThe Age of Exploration

► Europeans traded with Asia for centuriesEuropeans traded with Asia for centuries►Middlemen: a trader who buys goods Middlemen: a trader who buys goods

from producers and sells them to other from producers and sells them to other traders an consumerstraders an consumers

►Middlemen drove up the prices of the Middlemen drove up the prices of the goodsgoods

►Europeans wanted to find new trade Europeans wanted to find new trade routes that didn’t involve the middlemen.routes that didn’t involve the middlemen.

►Marco Polo’s publications Marco Polo’s publications TravelsTravels led led many to believe that China could be many to believe that China could be reached by ship.reached by ship.

The Age of Discovery & The Age of Discovery & ExplorationExploration

►The Three major colonizers of the New The Three major colonizers of the New World were: France, Spain, and EnglandWorld were: France, Spain, and England

►Amerigo Vespucci an Italian navigator Amerigo Vespucci an Italian navigator gave his name to the New Worldgave his name to the New World

►Spain and Portugal start off in a race for Spain and Portugal start off in a race for the New Worldthe New World

►Pope is scared they will begin a war. They Pope is scared they will begin a war. They are both Catholic nations he gets are both Catholic nations he gets involvedinvolved

►Line of Demarcation Divides the New Line of Demarcation Divides the New World between Spain and PortugalWorld between Spain and Portugal

The Age of ExplorationThe Age of Exploration► Columbus believed that a new trade Columbus believed that a new trade

route could be found by going West route could be found by going West ((Northwest PassageNorthwest Passage))..

►Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand of Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand of Spain financed his voyageSpain financed his voyage

►On August 3On August 3rdrd 1492 the Italian Columbus 1492 the Italian Columbus set sail on the Pinta, Nina, & Santa Mariaset sail on the Pinta, Nina, & Santa Maria

►On October 12, 1492 landed on a On October 12, 1492 landed on a Caribbean Island he named San SalvadorCaribbean Island he named San Salvador

►Columbus died believing he had reached Columbus died believing he had reached IndiaIndia

The Age of ExplorationThe Age of Exploration► Spain searched the Caribbean for Spain searched the Caribbean for

wealthwealth►Spain’s two main goals for exploration Spain’s two main goals for exploration

were finding gold and spreading were finding gold and spreading ChristianityChristianity

►Hernando de Soto left Cuba in search for Hernando de Soto left Cuba in search for GoldGold

►He and his group of 600 men landed in He and his group of 600 men landed in Florida.Florida.

► In 1540 he entered GeorgiaIn 1540 he entered Georgia►His search for Gold was a failureHis search for Gold was a failure►His men killed thousands of Indians, and His men killed thousands of Indians, and

even more died from disease the even more died from disease the explorers brought with themexplorers brought with them

The Age of ExplorationThe Age of Exploration

►Missions: Catholic outposts along the Atlantic Missions: Catholic outposts along the Atlantic and Gulf coasts used to convert Indians to and Gulf coasts used to convert Indians to ChristianityChristianity

► In 1566 Spaniards moved up to St. Catherine’s In 1566 Spaniards moved up to St. Catherine’s Island and founded the mission Santa CatalinaIsland and founded the mission Santa Catalina

► The first city settled in the New World was St. The first city settled in the New World was St. Augustine – Spanish FloridaAugustine – Spanish Florida

► St. Marys, St. Catherines, & Ossabaw were all St. Marys, St. Catherines, & Ossabaw were all missions a part of the Spanish province Gualemissions a part of the Spanish province Guale

►Mocama was another Spanish province that Mocama was another Spanish province that had several missionshad several missions

The Age of ExplorationThe Age of Exploration►The race for the New World heated up The race for the New World heated up

between England and Spainbetween England and Spain►Spain’s success in finding gold made it Spain’s success in finding gold made it

very rich and powerful.very rich and powerful.►Spain’s rise to power caused tension Spain’s rise to power caused tension

between England and Spain and led to between England and Spain and led to an undeclared war between the twoan undeclared war between the two

►England and their strong navy came England and their strong navy came out on top and beat the Spanish out on top and beat the Spanish ArmadaArmada

England Settles the New England Settles the New WorldWorld► Jamestown was the first permanent Jamestown was the first permanent

settlement in the New Worldsettlement in the New World►Many problems plagued this colony: Many problems plagued this colony:

disease, harsh weather, locationdisease, harsh weather, location► They found that tobacco grew very well in They found that tobacco grew very well in

this area and were able to trade it.this area and were able to trade it.►Hugenots were French Protestants that Hugenots were French Protestants that

explored the eastern coast of North Americaexplored the eastern coast of North America► Indentured Servants agreed to work for Indentured Servants agreed to work for

someone for a set period of time in return someone for a set period of time in return for passage to the New Worldfor passage to the New World

► Slave: Had few rights and spent the entire Slave: Had few rights and spent the entire lives in service to otherslives in service to others

England Settles the New England Settles the New WorldWorld►Colonists came to the New World for, Colonists came to the New World for,

religious freedom, spreading religious freedom, spreading Christianity, escape persecution.Christianity, escape persecution.

►Primary reason for settlement was Primary reason for settlement was economic gaineconomic gain

►Wanted to establish a system of Wanted to establish a system of mercantilism – a nation exports more mercantilism – a nation exports more than it importsthan it imports

►Mercantilism: colonies would ship raw Mercantilism: colonies would ship raw materials to England. Englishmen would materials to England. Englishmen would make goods and sell them to other make goods and sell them to other nations.nations.

England Settles the New England Settles the New WorldWorld

►England sets up more colonies in New England sets up more colonies in New England and CarolinaEngland and Carolina

►This creates more conflict between Spain This creates more conflict between Spain and Englandand England..

►England sets up Fort King George on the England sets up Fort King George on the Altamaha river to protect them from Altamaha river to protect them from France and SpainFrance and Spain

► In 1721 the garrison (a fort where troops In 1721 the garrison (a fort where troops are housed) was finishedare housed) was finished

►European nations were able to spread European nations were able to spread Christianity, gained riches, found new Christianity, gained riches, found new raw goods and materialsraw goods and materials