The 2015 SKARSTEN€¦ · Aril Fool pranks. Throughout the world, several people are killed and many injured each year as the result of April Fool tricks! In the April Fool scenarios,

Vol. 5 , No. 4 APRIL, 2013

The 2015

SKARSTEN FAMILY REUNION

FEATURED IN THIS ISSUE

“Skarsten Times” is a non pro t, private enterprise, newsle er publishedperiodically at 39630 Fairway Drive,Apt 126 in Palmdale, California93551.Editor…………,,……..JIM SKARSTENHome/Cell Phone: (661) 992 2730e Mail Address: [email protected] Edigtor………DR. DAVID DIXON

Associate Editor…..MICKI SKARSTENExecu ve Editor……IRVIN SMITHAc vi esCoordinator……….MARY O’BRIEN

APRIL, 2013 SKARSTEN TIMES PAGE 2

EDITOR’S INKWELLwith

JIM SKARSTEN Editor

CHANGE!


JimWrite Now! SKARSTEN

TIMES

Change is inevitable, in any event.

Traditionally, change is traditionally resisted due to risk fac-tors. Results of a change may be evaluated until the change has taken place at which point there is little that can be done about a change that turns out not so good but change the unac-ceptable change which continues on, ad infinitum.

Another type of change is received in financial transactions.Change jingles in the pocket, also dropping out out when sit-ting down somewhere, especially in a living room sofa. Con-sequently, we hurry to deposit the change in our piggy banks.

Does all this make any cents (sense)?

APRIL , 2013 SKARSTEN TIMES PAGE 4

KOUT LINETelevision programming is full of soothsayers who give so much advice it can be confusing.Indeed, taking everything seriously can cause a person to becomeneuro c! This leaves the decisions more up to the individual thanever before in history!Nope, this is not just another philosophical, religious, or psychologicalcharacteris cs, it is about something more important—the 2015Skarsten Family Reunion! There is nothing more relevant to this par

cular column than the forthcoming big event in Madison, Wisconsintwo years hence!Only two years...already? Yes, and next year it’ll be only one yearun l the bells in the dells start ringing, beckoning every Skarstenthroughout the world to climb into their driverless car and head forWisconsin! Or climb into one of those new superjets that carry 1,000passengers alo at the speed of sound!Somehow, the world has found the way to make money is inventsomething new and innova ve. There are projects of which we’recompletely uaware that have placed the inventors into the billionairecategory!There will be few “old” things at the 2015 Skarsten Family Reunion,a en ons will be distracted by the “new” stu such as the beau ful“new” landscape that has been around for billions of years but it willappear completely “new” to those Skarsten family members who’venever been there in the past! Alas and alack, this reunion lasts foronly one day, o ering memories that will live forever!Actually, we’ll be together three dayS. There is the date of arrivaland checking in, the actual reunion day and the departure day.There must be something in the history of this short occasion thata racts Skarstens from thousands of miles away to travel so far! Justabout everyone who’s a ended a reunion describes the trip as anexci ng adventure!

2015: Madison, WisconsinHost: Hildegarde “Hildy”McGownPAST REUNIONS:

2011 Hill City, South DakotaHost: Dr. Phyllis Skarsten Dixon

2008:Fosston, MinnesotaHosts: Grant and Beverly Skarsten

2004:Decorah, IowaHost: Ms. Agnes Grevstad SkarstenHjelle

2000: Braham, MinnesotaHost: Gary Skarsten

HALL OF FAME

2015 FAMILY REUNION

LLET NOT TODAY CONCERN YOUTHINK MORE ABOUT TOMORROW


While there has been li le good news about gasprices by the me of the Skarsten Family Reun-ion in 2015, I is possible that gas-burning inter-nal combus on may be revolu onized by prod-ucts called “Fuel Cells” that are already beingmarketed at loca ons across the country.Although due to predicted improved e ciency andeconomy there will be a great demand for Fuel Cellssoon, manufacturers aren’t exactly ooding the mar-ket yet. However, by the me of the Skarsten FamilyReunion in 2015, Fuel Cell vehicles should be availa-ble with very few gasoline designs le , if any.

Fuel Cell VehiclesFuel cell vehicles (FCVs) have the poten al to signi -cantly reduce our dependence on foreign oil andlower harmful emissions that contribute to climatechange. FCVs run on hydrogen gas rather than gaso-line and emit no harmful tailpipe emissions. Severalchallenges must be overcome before these vehicleswill be compe ve with conven onal vehicles, but

the poten al bene ts of this technology are sub-stan al.A Look InsideFCVs look like conven onal vehicles from the out-side, but inside they contain technologically ad-vanced components not found on today's vehicles.The most obvious di erence is the fuel cell stackthat converts hydrogen gas stored onboard with ox-ygen from the air into electricity to drive the electricmotor that propels the vehicle. The major compo-nents of a typical FCLess Greenhouse Gas EmissionsGasoline- and diesel-powered vehicles emit green-house gases (GHGs), mostly carbon dioxide (CO2),that contribute to global climate change. Fuel cellvehicles (FCVs) powered by pure hydrogen emit noGHGs from their tailpipe, only heat and water.Producing the hydrogen to power FCVs can generateGHGs, depending on the produc on method, but

CONTINUED ON PAGE 17

FUEL CELL VEHICLES (FCV) OFFERIMPROVED EFFICIENCY, ECONOMY

APRIL 2013 SKARSTEN TIMES PAGE 6

APRIL FOOL is celebrated in many countries onApril 1 every year. Some mes referred to as All Fools'Day, April 1 is not a na onal holiday, but is widelyrecognized and celebrated as a day when people playprac cal jokes and hoaxes on each other.In Italy, France and Belgium, children and adults tradi

onally tack paper shes on each other's back as atrick and shout "April sh!" intheir local languages (pesced'aprile!, poisson d'avril! andaprilvis! in Italian, French andDutch , respec vely). Such

sh feature prominently onmany French late 19th to early 20th century April Fools'Day postcards.The earliest recorded associa

on between April 1 and foolishness can be found in Chaucer's Canterbury Tales (1392).Many writers suggest that therestora on of January 1 asNew Year's Day in the 16thcentury was responsible forthe crea on of the holiday,but this theory does not explain earlier referencesPrecursors of April Fools' Dayinclude the Roman fes val ofHilaria, held March 25,[1] andthe Medieval Feast of Fools,held December 28,[2] s ll a day on which pranks areplayed in SpaIn Chaucer's Canterbury Tales (1392),the "Nun's Priest's Tale" is set Syn March bigan thri ydayes and two.[3] Modern scholars believe that thereis a copying error in the extant manuscripts and thatChaucer actually wrote, Syn March was gon.[4] Thus,the passage originally meant 32 days a er April, i.e.May 2,[5] the anniversary of the engagement of KingRichard II of England to Anne ofBohemia, which took place in1381. Readers apparently misunderstood this line to mean"March 32", i.e. April 1.[6] InChaucer's tale, the vain cockChauntecleer is tricked by afoxnish speaking countries.Not to spoil the fun, cau onshould be exercised rela ve toAril Fool pranks. Throughout theworld, several people are killed and many injuredeach year as the result of April Fool tricks!In the April Fool scenarios, common sense and modera on are the best recipes for successful observanceof honorable April Fool tradi ons. Children par cipa ng in April Fool fun should be carefully supervisedby the parents!

HAVE FUN, FOOLS!

APRIL FOOL FUN TIME


Air Force Base NewspaperPublished ‘April Fool’ Issue

Early one morning while working on thesta of the Sembach Air Base, Germanybase newspaper, jokingly suggested that aspecial edi on commemora ng “AprilFool’s Day” be published.Never thought anything wouldcome of this, was shockinglysurprised when later in theday the boss decided to goalong with the idea! The stawas directly advised to comeup with “April Fool” ideas forthis special issue of the“Sembach Jet Gaze e”!Unques onably the best wasa large photograph on thefront page of the base trainingdirector shown with a gradua ng class with 35 students, all portraits ofTSgt. George McLaughlin, the director! Thisre ected the genius of the base photographiclaboratory and the “Jet Gaze e” sta .Another ar cle depicted the base intramural football team bea ng the world champion professionals! Of course, in reality these two teams would never have met compe vely! Another photoshowed a jet ghter ying through ahangar on thebase ight line.This would never happen in reality but wasconsidered a great addi on to the “AprilFool’s” issue lineup.Objec ve of this stunt was to boost the troopmorale, as if the troops already didn’t have

su cient “morale”. The base was noted forthe great a tude and energe c performance of the people sta oned at SembachAB.

A er 55 years, I nally found“the boss”, then 1st Lt.Lloyd M. Kahn.who wasmy rst “boss” in the public a airs sector of the AirForce.Today, Kahn (born 1935) is thefounding editor in chief of Shelter Publica ons, Inc., and is theformer Shelter editor of theWhole Earth Catalog. He is alsoan author, photographer, andpioneer of the green buildingand green architecture move

ments.Shall always remember Lt. Kahn and my introduc

ons to the Air Force public a airs business fromwhich I re red dring 1979.

Cannot honestly reportthis without inmemoriammen oningthe rest of theSembach AB,Germanysta : Msgt. G.Franklin Fox,A2C Stan Pelisand the German o cesecretary,Inge Schmidt!To say thosewere “goldendays” would

be a gross understatement. Value that memore with the passing years.Regret that a copies of the “Jet Gaze e” are nolonger available. Neither Kahn nor myself savedthe “Jet Gaze e” and the remainder of the stacannot be contacted.

by Jim SkarstenEditor

SEMBACH AB, GERMANY


While sta oned with the U.S. Air Force inEurope during the 1950s, 1960s and 1970stook advantage of opportuni es to tourmany tourist areas.Unques onably, Switzerland was the mosta rac ve loca on that I visited during my

mes in Europe. The rst was during 1967and the last 1974.Have never regre ed visi ng Zerma , Swit-zerland during l967. This village is located inthe Swiss Alps about 30 miles from theMa erhorn.Just about every weekend either motored tosome loca on independently in my own car orjoined one of the bus tours available throughone of the Air Force Service Clubs at the variousinstalla ons where I was sta oned. The i ner-aries included a variety of historic sites da ngback to many centuries ago as well as modernareas.During June, 1974, treated my wife, Hye Yon(“Micki”) Skarsten to a honeymoon tour or Eu-rope arranged through the Air Force Service Clubat Ramsteun AB, Germany. This trip of 30 days’length included tourist highlights of Germany,Austria, France, Luxembourg, Belgium, Italy andSwitzerland.Of all the places in Europe visited, consider visi ng Switzerland the best of all. Recommendanyone travelling to Europe be sure and visitSwitzerland.

It just wasn’t in the cards for me to visit Nor-way, birthplace of my grandparents. Rela veswhohave visited this Scandanavian na on onmany occasions have related exci ng tales ofthe very beau ful and interes ng country ofNorwayCertainly travelled extensively while assigned to installa ons in Germany on threedi erent tours. Unfortunately, couldn’t cover the en re territory which was too vast forthe available mes.These travels le me with a life me of fondmemories If anyone should ask, “Would youdo it again if your could turn back the clock?” Icertainly would not hesitate to reply,

“Yes”!

EXTENSIVE EUROPEAN TRAVELWAS EXCITING, EDUCATIONAL

By Jim SkarstenEditor

Con nued on following Page

M A T T E R H O R R N R N

GREAT SWISS TOURIST LOCATION



ULTRASCENICMATTERHORNSTIMULATESTOURISM

FIERCEWEATHERFREQUENTSMATTERHORN

Visi ng the Ma er-horn in Switzerlandwas one of my mostmemorable travelexperiences.Was assigned to Sem-bach AB, Germany up-on deciding to takemilitary leave to visitthe Ma erhorn. Trav-elled to Zerma , Swit-zerland near theMa erhorn with afriend in his conver -ble lkswagen, coveringthe 1,500-mile dis-tance in about threedays.The Ma erhorn(German), Monte Cer-vino (Italian) or MontCervin (French), is amountain in the Pen-nine Alps on the bor-der between Switzer-land and Italy. Itssummit is 4,478meters (14,690

) high, making itone of the high-est peaks in theAlps.[2] The foursteep faces, ris-ing above thesurrounding glac-iers, face the fourcompass points.The mountainoverlooks thetown of Zermain the canton ofValais to thenorth-east andBreuil-Cervinia inthe Aosta Valleyto the south. TheTheodul Pass,

located at the easternbase of the peak, is thelowest passage be-tween its north andsouth side.The Ma erhorn hasbecome an iconic em-blem of the Swiss Alpsand the Alps in gen-eral. Since the end ofthe 19th century,when railways werebuilt, it a racted moreand more visitors andclimbers.The mountain derives its name from the Ger-man words Matte,meaning "meadow", and Horn, which means "peak". The mi-gration of the name "meadow" from the lower part of the coun-tryside to the peak is common in the Alps.

each face, the largest of which is the Zmutt Glacier to the west. The Matterhorn is an isolated mountain. Be-cause of its position on the main Alpine water-shed and its great height, the Matterhorn is exposed to rapid weather changes. In addition the steep faces of the mountain and its isolated location make it prone to banner clouds formation with the air flowing around and creating vortices, conducting condensa-tion of the air on the lee side.The formation of the Matterhorn (and the whole Alpine range) started with the break-up of the Pangaea con-tinent 200 million years

ago into Laurasia (containing Eu-rope) and Gond-wana(containing Afri-ca). While the rocks constitut-ing the nearby Monte Rosa re-mained in Laur-asia, the rocks constituting the Matterhornfound them-selves in Gond-wana, separated by the newly formed Tethys Ocean.

The Matterhorn has two distinct summits, both situated on a 100-metre-long rocky ridge: the Swiss summitwith a height of 4,477.5 metres (14,690 ft) on the east and the Italian summit with a height of 4,476.4 me-tres (14,686 ft) on the west. The Matterhorn has a pyramidal shapewith four faces facing the four compass points: the north and east faces overlook, respectively, the Zmutt valley and Gornergrat ridge in Switzerland The Matterhorn's faces are steep, and only small patches of snow and ice cling to them; regular avalanches send the snow down to accumulate on the glaciers at the base of

CONTINUED ON NEXT PAGE

"


MATTERHORN DESCRIBED “OVERWHELMING”

BY EARLY CONTEMPLATIONARY EXAMINATION

CONTINUED FROM PREVIOUS PAGE

It will nally provide a link between the Swiss and Italian side of the Matterhorn. Aegidius Tschudi, one of the earliest Alpine to-pographers and historians, was the first to mention the region around the Matterhorn in his work, DePrisca ac Vera Alpina Raethi, published in Basel in 1538. He approached the Matterhorn as a stu-dent when in his Alpine travels he reached the summit of the Theodul Pass but he does not seem to have paid any particular attention to the moun-tain itself.The Matterhorn remained unstudied for more than two centuries, until a geologist from Ge-neva, Horace Benedict de Saussure, travelled to the mountain, which filled him with admira-tion."Its precipitous sides," he wrote, "which give no hold to the very snows, are such as to af-ford no means of access, the proud peak which rises to so vast an altitude, like a triangular obelisk, that seems to be carved by a chisel." Although de Saussure had no inclination to climb the Matterhorn, his scientific interest was kindled by the spirit of the Matterhorn.His mind intuitively grasped the causes which gave the peak its present precipitous form: the Matterhorn was not like a perfected crystal. The first inquirers began to come to the Matter-horn. The Matterhorn is mentioned in a guide-book to Switzerland by Johann Gottfried Ebel, which was published in Zürich towards the end of

the eighteenth century, and translated in English in 1818. The mountain appeared in it under the three names of Silvius, Matterhorn, and MontCervin, and was briefly described as one of the most splendid and wonderful obelisks in the Alps. Upon rst viewing the Ma erhorn, Brockedenwas overwhelmed by the sight of the Ma erhorn.He o ered some descrip ve remarks cconcerninghis observa ons.“.A beau ful pyramid,” Brockeden wrote in hisjournal, “a more wonderful than aught else in sight, rising from its bed of ice to a height of 5,000 feet, a spectacle of indescribable grandeur." In this "immense natural amphitheatre, enclosed from time immemorial by snow- clad mountains and glaciers ever white, in the presence of these grand walls the mind is overwhelmed, not indeed that it is unable to contemplate the scene, but it staggers under the immensity of those objects which it contemplates."

While most touristsvisit the area to seethe Ma erhorn, climb-ing of this magicmountain has alwaysbeen the main a rac-

on.Today, all ridges andfaces of the Ma erhornhave been ascended inall seasons, and moun-tain guides take a largenumber of people upthe northeast Hörnliroute each summer. Bymodern standards, theclimb is fairly di cult(AD Di culty ra ng), butnot hard for skilledmountaineers accordingto French climbinggrades. There are xedropes on parts of theroute to help. S ll, sev-eral climbers die eachyear due to a number offactors including thescale of the climb and itsinherent dangers, inex-perience, falling rocks,and overcrowdedroutes.Historically the Ma er-horn was one of the last

Historically the Ma er-horn was one of the lastof the main Alpinemountains to be ascend-ed, not because of itstechnical di culty, butbecause of the fear itinspired in early moun-taineers.On July 14, 1865, in whatis considered the lastascent of the golden ageof alpinism, the Englishparty of Edward Whym-per, Charles Hudson,Lord Francis Douglas,Douglas Robert Hadow,Michel Croz and the twoPeter Taugwalders(father and son) wereable to reach the summitby an ascent of theHörnli ridge in Switzer-land. Upon descent,Hadow, Croz, Hudsonand Douglas fell to theirdeaths on the Ma er-horn Glacier, and all butDouglas (whose bodywas never found) areburied in the Zermachurchyard.

ASCENDING MATTERHORN TOPSCLIMBING ACHIEVEMENTS LIST


FIRST MATTERHORN ASCENT, 1865

DESCENT DISASTER

Zerma

Con nued on following page


Electric carsin thestreets ofZerma .

Parishchurch ofSt. Mauri

us in center of Zerma .

Houses inZerma .

High Summits Around Zerma

ZERMATTOFFERSMEMORABLEEXCURSIONSAnyone who has visited the village of Zerma in the Swiss Alps seldom leaveswithout a por olio of las ng memories.Zerma is famed as a mountaineering and skiresort of the Swiss Alps located 30 miles fromthe Ma erhorn. The year round popula on(as of December 2011[update]) is 5,746,though there may be several mes as manytourists in town at any one me. Much of thelocal economy is based on tourism, withabout half of the jobs in town in hotels orrestaurants and just under half of all apartments are vaca on dwellings.The name of Zerma , as well as that of theMa erhorn itself, derives from the alpinemeadows, or ma en (in German), in the valley. The name appeared rst as Zur Ma e("in the meadow") and later became Zerma . It does not appear un l 1495 on a mapor 1546 in a text, but may have been previously employed.

The town was "discovered" by midnineteenth century Bri sh mountaineers,most notably Edward Whymper, whose conquest of the Ma erhorn made the villagefamous. The Ma erhorn was one of the last


CONTINUED ON FOLLOWING PAGE

Con nued Alpine mountains to beconquered (in 1865),and the rst expedi onthat reached the topended drama callywith only 3 of the 7climbers surviving thedescent. The story isrelated in the Ma er-horn Museum.Zerma is a star ngpoint for hikes into themountains, includingthe Haute Route thatleads to Chamonix inFrance and the Pa-trouille des Glaciers.Cable cars and chair li scarry skiers in the win-ter and hikers in thesummer; the highest ofthem leads to the Klein

engine car-free zone. Almost all vehicles in Zermatt are bat-tery driven and al-most completely si-lent. Electric vehi-cles are allowed for local commerces. The Cantonal police can issue a permit which allows resi-dents to drive and park at the northern outskirts. Some emergency (fire trucks, ambulances, etc.) and municipal (buses, garbage trucks, etc.) vehicles are also allowed to use combustion en-gines.Most tourist automo-biles are parked in a valeted lot about 18 miles north of Zermatt.

Matterhorn at 3,883 m (12,740 ft), a peak on the ridge between Breithorn and Matterhorn that offers spectacular views in all directions.It is possible to cross into Italy via the Cervinia ca-ble car station. A spectac-ular rack railway line (the Gornergratbahn, the high-est open-air railway in Europe) runs up to the summit of the Gornergrat at 3,089m (10,134 ft). Zermatt is also the west-ern terminus for theGlacier Express rail service connecting to St. Moritz and the MGB (Matterhorn-Gotthard-Bahn).To prevent air pollution which could obscure the town's view of the Matterhorn, the entire town is a combustion-

Most visitors reach Zermatt by cog railway train from the parking location.Towering mountains rise abruptly on each side of the cog rail tracks, offering spec-tacular scenery. This is a suitable introduction to the beauties that characterize the Zer-matt region. Famous cable cars lift tourists up the side of the numerous moun-tains that surround Zer-matt. There is no need of transport assistance for the hearts of tour-ists which are excitedly lifted by the fantastic scenery and exciting tourist adventures that exist everywhere in the Zermatt area. .

NO CARS IN TOWN

PEACEFUL APPEARANCES HIDEEXCITING ZERMATT ADVENTURES


DO NOT PICK

THE EDELWEISS!

EDELWEISSPLANTSSACREDTHROUGOUTEUROPE

Although it looks like a ower, the Edelweiss is misunderstood even in Switzerland, where the plant abounds in thehigh mountain areas.Nevertheless, picking Edelweiss isstrongly forbidden especially in theSwiss alps around Zerma , Switzerlandwhich is swarmed by tourists throughout the year! Anyone caught pickingEdelweiss can encounter serious consequences such as actually being asked toleave the area and requested to not return, maybe even charged by the police!Now “Skarsten Times” readers areaware of a tradi on that is important toSwiss alpinists. A majority of touristsare unaware of the Alpine sacrilege involved with picked of the Edelweiss andencounter some embarrassing situa onsbecause Swiss ci zens really frown upona foreigner picking Edelweiss.While Edelweiss plants thrive at highal udes, the plant doesn’t last long atlower al udes where it quickly wilts.Therefore, there is no point in trying toremove Edweiss from the Swiss slopes.Did you know that the Edelweiss is notreally a ower as such, but a set of 500to a thousand ny orets grouped inseveral heads (between 2 and 10 ofthem) surrounded by 5 to 15 white velvety leaves, that it is fer lised by ies, orthat it originally comes from the Himalayas and was prac cally unknown un lthe late 19th century?

NOW YOU KNOW!


.CONTINUED FROM PAGE 5Less Air Pollutants

Highway vehicles emit a signi cant share of the air pollutants that contribute to smog and harmful par culates inthe U.S. FCVs powered by pure hydrogen emit no harmfulpollutants. If the hydrogen is produced from fossil fuels,some pollutants are produced, but much less than theamount generated by conven onal vehicle tailpipe emissions.

Reduced Oil DependenceFCVs could reduce our dependence on foreign oilsince hydrogen can be derived from domes csources, such as natural gas and coal, as well as renewable resources such as water. That would makeour economy less dependent on other countries andless vulnerable to oil price shocks from an increasingly vola le oil market.V are illustrated below.

Onboard Hydrogen Storage Some FCVs store enough hydrogen to travel as far as gasoline vehicles between fill-ups—about 300 miles—but this must be achievable across different vehicle makes and models and without compromising customer expectations of space, performance, safety, or cost. more...

Vehicle Cost FCVs are currently more expensive than conven-tional vehicles and hybrids. Manufacturers must bring down production costs, especially the costs of the fuel cell stack and hydrogen storage, to compete with conventional technologies.

Fuel Cell Durability and Reliability Fuel cell systems are not yet as durable as inter-nal combustion engines, especially in some tem-perature and humidity ranges.

Getting Hydrogen to Consumers The extensive system used to deliver gasoline from refineries to local filling stations cannot be used for hydrogen. New facilities and systems must be constructed for producing, transporting, and dispensing hydrogen to consumers.

ChallengesSeveral challenges must be overcome before fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) will be a successful, com-petitive alternative for consumers.

Don’t be surprised with the amazing develop-ments that are springing from the automotive industry! It could be said that everything heard of so far is barely scratching the surface of things to come!


2012 HONDA CX Clarity

2012 Mercedes Benz F Cell

RECENTLY TESTED VEHICLESFuel Fuel Cell vehicles (FCVs) are not yet for sale in the United States. However, manufac-turers are producing small fleets of FCVs for evaluation and have estimated the fuel econo-my of some vehicles using EPA test proce-dures.

WITH IRVIN SMITH

WHAT IS IT ANYWAYS?Computer Virus A computer virus is a computer program that can copy itself to your

computer with any permission from the end user. It is a programthat will usually come from email, usb drives, or cd/dvd media.

Computer Worm A computer worm is similar to a virus but spread very rapidlybecause it can copy itself to other computers in a network and willreplicate itself automa cally.

Trojan Horse Trojan horses hide within other programs and when you downloadand open the program the Trojan horse executes itself. This is justlike the mythological Trojan horse.

Spyware Spyware is so ware (usually installed with other programs) thattracks your usage on your computer and reports back to some server.Spyware can also capture passwords, and usernames and transmitthem to a hacker.

Adware Adware is so ware that gets installed with other programs and willrun in the background and display adver sements and pop ups onyour computer that it nds relevant to you based on your webbrowsing.

Web Cookies Web cookies are similar to adware but are small les that get storedon your computer when you visit a website. These les keep track ofwhat you have viewed on that par cular website and your ac onson that website. Companies use this data to display items onwebpages that may be relevant to what you are shopping for.

Fear that you may be infected?? Download MalwareBytes and scan your computer.Visit : malwarebytes.org and download the FREE version.



DOWN ON THE FARM

FARM FIELD WORK ARRIVES SUDDENLY It begins with a mild southwest breeze as the snow quickly melts leaving fields bare to dry in the spring sunshine.

Activity quickly reaches a fever pitch on the Fosston farm during the 1950s in anticipation of work-ing in the warm sun following months of dank winter. The spring season always heightened the spirits of everyone in the northern latitudes that had sur-vived another winter of subzero temperatures.

Even the livestock came back to life, released from the barn back into the pasture for the duration of the summer. The cattle seemed to look forward to the munching of fresh, green, pasture grass and frolick-ing in the sunshine free from the shackles of con-tainment in the dark restrictions of the barn stalls.

Yes, everything comes to life in the spring, the season

withJIM SKARSTEN

Editor

of renewal.

Farmers had to be ready for the spring field work. In Minnesota, it is essential to get started as soon as possible to ensure that crops mature within the short northern 90-day growing season, crops seeded too late at risk of being destroyed in the autumn frosts.

Life springs forth with great vigor around Fosston in the spring!Most assuredly, residents of the northern latitudes appreciate spring much more than those who live in the comparatively balmy southern climates.

APRIL, 2013 CROSSWORD


MARCH CROSSWORD SOLUTIONS

APRIL, 2013 SKARSTEN TIMES PAGE 21APRIL, 2013 SKARSTEN TIMES PAGE 21

Welcome To

FAIRLY HOT!GrimSmartenAncient VikingMariner


Divide peppers in two, remove stem and seeds. Sprinkle the coarse salt on baking pan. Mix meat, Tabasco, garlic salt, pepper, lemon juice, crumbs, and half of Jarlsberg cheese. Divide evenly between the peppers. Top the peppers with remainder of the cheese. Melt butter, add garlic salt, and brush over the peppers. Place on top of coarse salt on baking sheet, and bake in 350·F (175·C) oven about 35 minutes.

4 large peppers, red or green 2 tsp. coarse salt 1 lb. (450 g) ground meat, low fat 1/2 tsp. Tabasco 1/2 tsp. garlic salt 1/2 tsp. pepper, coarsely ground 1 lemon, juice of 2/3 cup (1 1/2 dl) French Bread Crumbs 1 1/4 cup (3 dl) Jarlsberg, diced 3 1/2 T butter Garlic salt

Jarlsberg Fillet Peppers

The “Skarsten Times”

Gourmet Reciple Page!

No joke, all kidding aside, welcome to the“Skarsten Times” America/Norwegian humorpage!

La ersalve

Q: What is the di erence between Swedes and Norwegians?A: The Swedes have nice neighbors!

English

Spørsmål: Hva er forskjellen mellom svensker ognordmenn?A: svenskene har n naboer!

Spørsmål: Hva er forskjellen mellom svensker og nordmenn?A: svenskene har n naboer! Spørsmål: Hva erforskjellen mellom svensker og nordmenn?A: svenskene har

n naboer! Spørsmål: Hva er forskjellen mellom svenskerog nordmenn?A: svenskene har n naboer!

Norwegian


SKARSTEN TIMESfor the times of our lives

APRIL 2013 SKARSTEN TIMES PAGE 24

The 2015 SKARSTEN€¦ · Aril Fool pranks. Throughout the world, several people are killed and many injured each year as the result of April Fool tricks! In the April Fool scenarios,

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