The 2006-2015 Outlook for the Vegetable Oil Market in ... · 2009. The slump in production of vegetable oil had been caused by reducing demand and increasing stocks. The demand of

The 2006-2015 Outlook for the Vegetable Oil Market in Russia

The 2006-2015 Outlook for the Vegetable Oil Market in Russia 2

http//:businesstat.com

Summary According to BusinesStat, during the period from 2006 to 2010 the volume of manufacture of vegetable oil in Russia increased by 4% and reached 2.87 million tons. In 2010 it decreased by 12.9% compared to 2009. The slump in production of vegetable oil had been caused by reducing demand and increasing stocks. The demand of enterprises for vegetable oil in 2010 fell almost by 10%. The demand of retailers for vegetable oil in 2010 remained at the level of 2009. The volume of consumption increased only in the HoReCa sector, backed up by rising sales in fast food chains.

The industrial processing sector, which purchased 1,393 thousand tons of vegetable oil in 2010, remains the major sector of sales. In 2010 1,434 thousand tons of oil were sold through the retailing sector, and 133 thousand tons were realized via the HoReCa sector. Industry consumes large amounts of soybean, palm, coconut and rapeseed oils. The retailing sector generally sells olive and sunflower oils.

Sunflower oil remains the main type of vegetable oil in the Russian market. It takes up 70% of the market turnover. Palm oil ranks second with the market share of 20%. The other types of vegetable oil occupy 10% of the market.

The volume of vegetable oil with high degree of processing is rapidly increasing in Russia. While in 2006 the share of refined and hydrogenated oils was only 41% of the total volume of production, in 2010 their share reached 60%. According to BusinesStat, the share of refined and hydrogenated oils in the total volume of vegetable oil production will have reached 71% by 2015.

The 2006-2015 Outlook for the Vegetable Oil Market in Russia contains the essential data, necessary to comprehend the current market opportunities and conditions and to assess the future prospects, covering such points as:

The overall assessment of the economic environment in Russia

Depth and capacity of the market, balance of demand for and supply of vegetable oil

Purchase amount, number of purchasers and users of vegetable oil

Economic output, total exports and imports, the volume of merchandise in storage

Cost price, import and export cost, retail price for vegetable oil in the domestic market

Ratings of the industry in terms of economic output and sales revenue

Financial and economic profiles of leading enterprises.

In this report the products are categorized the following way:

Sunfloweroil

Cornoil

Soybean oil

Olive oil

Palm oil

Coconut oil

Rapeseed oil



The report presents an account of top vegetable oil producers, including: “Yug Rusi” Oil-Extracting Plant, Efirnoe, Bunge CIS, Sodruzhestvo-Soya, Atkarsk Oil-Extracting Plant , Aston Foods and Food Ingredients, Kazan Oil-Extracting Plant , Uryupinsk Oil-Extracting Plant , Food Ingredients, Masloprodukt, Orenburg Oil-Extracting Plant , PovolzhyeAgricultural and Industrial Association, Valuisky VEGETABLE OIL PLANT, Yuzhny, Chishminskoe, Anninsk Oil-Extracting Plant , Liskinsk Oil-Extracting Plant , “Elit-Maslo” Kuban Company, “Florentina” Essential Oils Extracting Plant of Ust-Labinsk, Stavropol Oil, Pavlovskagroprodukt, Sunoil-Bakar, Chernyansky VEGETABLE OIL PLANT, etc.

BusinesStat carries out researches into the global vegetable oil market as well as local markets.

The survey of the Russian market contains data concerned with different regions of the country. Along with this report, you can purchase a research into the vegetable oil markets of Moscow and Saint Petersburg.

The survey is based on the official statistics, obtained from:

Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation

Ministry of the Economic Development of the Russian Federation

Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation

Federal Customs Service of the Russian Federation

Federal Tax Service of the Russian Federation

Apart from the official statistics, the survey also contains the results of the research done by BusinesStat:

Survey of consumers of vegetable oil in Russia

Audit of vegetable oil retailing in Russia

Survey of experts of the vegetable oil market



Table of Contents CONDITION OF THE RUSSIAN ECONOMY ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14

Basic Characteristics of the Russian Economy ------------------------------------------------------------------- 14

Table 1. Volume of nominal and real GDP, Russia, 2006-2015 (trillion rubles) -------------------------- 14 Table 2. Volume of real GDP and its index, Russia, 2006-2015 (trillion rubles, % of the previous

year) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 15 Table 3. Fixed investment from all sources of financing, 2006-2015 (trillion rubles) -------------------- 15 Table 4. Total exports, imports and trade balance, Russia, 2006-2015 (billion dollars) ---------------- 15 Table 5. The average annual exchange rate of the US dollar to the Russian Federation ruble,

Russia, 2006-2015 (RUR / USD) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16 Table 6. Consumer price index (inflation rate), food price index and producer price index, Russia,

2006-2015 (% of the previous year) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 17 Table 7. Population size, including migrants, Russia 2006-2015 (million people) ----------------------- 18 Table 8. Actual household income, Russia, 2006-2015 (% of the previous year) ----------------------- 18

Opportunities of the Russian Economy ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 19

CLASSIFICATION OF VEGETABLE OIL ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20

DEMAND FOR AND SUPPLY OF VEGETABLE OIL ------------------------------------------------------------------- 22

Supply --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 22

Table 9. Volume of supply of vegetable oil, Russia, 2006-2010 (million tons; %) ----------------------- 22 Table 10. Forecast of the volume of supply of vegetable oil, Russia, 2011-2015 (million tons; %) -- 22 Table 11. Domestic production, import and in-stock balance of vegetable oil at the beginning of the

year, Russia, 2006-2010(million tons) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 23 Table 12. Forecast of domestic production, import and in-stock balance of vegetable oil at the

beginning of the year, Russia, 2011-2015 (million tons) ------------------------------------------------------- 23

Demand ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 24

Table 13. Volume of demand for vegetable oil, Russia, 2006-2010 (million tons; %) ------------------- 24 Table 14. Forecast of the volume of demand for vegetable oil, Russia, 2011-2015 (million tons) --- 24 Table 15. Domestic sales and export of vegetable oil, Russia, 2006-2010 (million tons) -------------- 25 Table 16. Forecast of domestic sales and export, Russia, 2011-2015 (million tons)-------------------- 25

BALANCE OF DEMAND FOR AND SUPPLY OF VEGETABLE OIL ----------------------------------------------- 26

Table 17. Balance of demand for and supply of vegetable oil, including in-stock balance at the end of the year, Russia, 2006-2010 (million tons; %) ----------------------------------------------------------------- 26

Table 18. Forecast of the balance of demand for and supply of vegetable oil, including in-stock balance at the end of the year, Russia, 2011-2015 (million tons; %) --------------------------------------- 26

SALES OF VEGETABLE OIL ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 27

Table 19. Actual volume of sales of vegetable oil, Russia, 2006-2010 (million tons) ------------------- 27 Table 20. Forecast of the actual volume of sales of vegetable oil, Russia, 2011-2015 (million tons)

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 27



Table 21. Cost volume of sales of vegetable oil, Russia, 2006-2010 (billion rubles) -------------------- 28 Table 22. Forecast of the cost volume of sales of vegetable oil, Russia, 2011-2015 (billion rubles) 28 Table 23. Correlation between the actual and cost volume of sales, Russia, 2006-2010 (million tons,

rubles per kilogram, billion rubles) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 28 Table 24. Forecast of the correlation between the actual and cost volume of sales, Russia, 2011-

2015 (million tons, rubles per kilogram, billion rubles)) --------------------------------------------------------- 28 Table 25. Sales of vegetable oil by package, Russia, 2006-2010 (million tons) ------------------------- 29 Table 26. Forecast of the sales of vegetable oil by package, Russia, 2011-2015 (million tons) ----- 29

MARKET SECTORS OF VEGETABLE OIL ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 30

Table 27. Actual volume of sales of vegetable oil by market sector, Russia, 2006-2010 (million tons) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 31

Table 28. Forecast of the actual volume of sales of vegetable oil by market sector, Russia, 2011-2015 (million tons) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 31

Table 29. Cost volume of sales of vegetable oil by market sector, Russia, 2006-2010 (million tons) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 31

Table 30. Forecast of the cost volume of sales of vegetable oil by market sector, Russia, 2011-2015 (million tons) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 31

INDUSTRIAL PROCESSING OF VEGETABLE OIL --------------------------------------------------------------------- 32

Processing --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 32

Table 31. The average annual production capacity of enterprises processing vegetable oil, Russia, 2006-2010 (million tons; %) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 32

Table 32. Forecast of the average annual production capacity of enterprises for processing vegetable oil, Russia, 2011-2015 (million tons; %) -------------------------------------------------------------- 32

Table 33. Utilization of production capacities for processing of vegetable oil, Russia, 2006-2010 (%) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 33

Table 34. Forecast of the utilization of production capacities for processing of vegetable oil, Russia, 2011-2015 (%) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 33

Volume of the Industrial Market ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 34

Table 35. Volume of industrial sales of vegetable oil, Russia, 2006-2010 (million tons; %) ----------- 34 Table 36.Forecast of the volume of industrial sales of vegetable oil, Russia, 2011-2015 (million

tons; %) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 34 Table 37. Actual volume of sales of vegetable oil by branch, Russia, 2006-2010 (thousand tons) - 34 Table 38.Forecast of the actual volume of sales of vegetable oil by branch, Russia, 2006-2010

(thousand tons) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 34 Table 39. Cost volume of industrial sales of vegetable oil, Russia, 2006-2010 (billion rubles; %) --- 35 Table 40. Forecast of the cost volume of industrial sales of vegetable oil, Russia, 2011-2015

(billionrubles; %) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 35

Wholesale Price for the Industrial Sector ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 36

Table 41. Average wholesale price for unrefined and refined vegetable oil, Russia, 2006-2010 (rubles per kilogram) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 36

Table 42. Forecast of the average wholesale price for unrefined and refined vegetable oil, Russia, 2011-2015 (rubles per kilogram) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 36



Table 43. Wholesale price for vegetable oil by type, Russia, 2010 (rubles per kilogram) -------------- 36 Table 44. Wholesale price for sunflower oil by region, Russia, 2006-2010 (rubles per kilogram) --- 37

PROCESSING OF VEGETABLE OIL IN THE HORECA SECTOR -------------------------------------------------- 39

Volume of Sales in the HoReCa Sector ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 39

Table 45. Actual volume of sales of vegetable oil in the HoReCa sector, Russia, 2006-2010 (million tons; %) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 39

Table 46. Forecast of the actual volume of sales of vegetable oil in the HoReCa sector, Russia, 2011-2015 (million tons; %) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 39

Table 47. Cost volume of sales of vegetable oil in the HoReCa sector, Russia, 2006-2010 (billion rubles; %) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 40

Table 48. Forecast of the cost volume of sales of vegetable oil in the HoReCa sector, Russia, 2011-2015 (billion rubles; %) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 40

Price in the HoReCa Sector ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 41

Table 49. Average price for vegetable oil in the HoReCa sector, Russia, 2006-2010 (rubles per kilogram) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 41

Table 50. Forecast of the average price for vegetable oil in the HoReCa sector, Russia, 2011-2015 (rubles per kilogram) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 41

RETAIL SALES OF VEGETABLE OIL -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 42

Consumption ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 42

Table 51. Number of consumers of vegetable oil, Russia, 2006-2010 (million people) ---------------- 42 Table 52. Forecast of the number of consumers of vegetable oil, Russia, 2011-2015 (million people)

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 42 Table 53. Number of consumers in relation to the size of population, Russia, 2006-2010 (%) ------- 43 Table 54. Forecast of the number of consumers in relation to the size of population, Russia, 2011-

2015 (%) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 43 Table 55. Number of consumers of vegetable oil by region, Russia, 2006-2010 (thousand people) 44 Table 56. Volume of consumption of vegetable oil per consumer, Russia, 2006-2010 (kilograms per

year) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 46 Table 57.Forecast of the volume of consumption of vegetable oil per consumer, Russia, 2006-2010

(kilograms per year) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 46 Table 58. Volume of consumption of vegetable oil per consumer by region, Russia, 2006-2010

(kilograms per year) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 47 Table 59. Average customer expenditures on vegetable oil, Russia, 2006-2010 (rubles per year) - 49 Table 60. Forecast of the average customer expenditures on vegetable oil purchase, Russia, 2011-

2015 (rubles per year) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 49 Table 61. Average customer expenditures on vegetable oil purchase by region, Russia, 2006-2010

(rubles per year) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 50

Volume of the Retail Market ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 53

Table 62. Actual volume of retail sales of vegetable oil, Russia, 2006-2010 (million tons; %) -------- 53 Table 63. Forecast of the actual volume of retail sales of vegetable oil, Russia, 2011-2015 (million

tons; %) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 53 Table 64. Volume of retail sales of vegetable oil by region, Russia, 2006-2010 (thousand tons) ---- 53



Table 65. Cost volume of retail sales of vegetable oil, Russia, 2006-2010 (billion rubles; %) -------- 56 Table 66. Forecast of the cost volume of retail sales of vegetable oil, Russia, 2011-2015 (billion

rubles; %) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 56 Table 67. Cost volume of retail sales of vegetable oil by region, Russia, 2006-2010 (million rubles)

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 56

Retail Price --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 59

Table 68. Average retail price for vegetable oil, Russia, 2006-2010 (rubles per kilogram) ------------ 59 Table 69. Forecast of the average retail price for vegetable oil, Russia, 2011-2015 (rubles per

kilogram) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 59 Table 70. Average retail price for vegetable oil by region, Russia, 2006-2010 (rubles per kilogram)

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 60 Table 71. Correlation between the dynamics of the average retail price and the consumer price

(inflation), Russia, 2006-2010 (%) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 62 Table 72. Correlation between the anticipated dynamics of the average retail price and the

consumer price (inflation), Russia, 2011-2015 (%) -------------------------------------------------------------- 62 Table 73. Average retail price for vegetable oil by type, Russia, 2010 (rubles per kilogram) --------- 62

PRODUCTION OF VEGETABLE OIL --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 63

Production Volume ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 63

Table 74. Production of vegetable oil in Russia, 2006-2010 (million tons, %) ---------------------------- 63 Table 75. Forecast of production of vegetable oil in Russia, 2011-2015 (million tons, %) ------------- 63 Table 76. Production of vegetable oil by degree of purification, Russia, 2006-2010 (million tons) -- 64 Table 77. Forecast of production of vegetable oil by degree of purification, Russia, 2011-2015

(million tons) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 64 Table 78. Production of vegetable oil by type, Russia, 2006-2010 (thousand tons) -------------------- 65 Table 79. Forecast of production of vegetable oil by type, Russia, 2011-2015 (thousand tons) ----- 65 Table 80. Production of vegetable oil by package, Russia, 2006-2010 (million tons; %) -------------- 66 Table 81. Forecast of production of vegetable oil by package, Russia, 2011-2015 (million tons; %)

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 66 Table 82. Production of unrefined vegetable oil by region, Russia, 2006-2010 (tons) ------------------ 67 Table 83. Production of unrefined sunflower oil and its fractions by region, Russia, 2006-2010 (tons)

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 69 Table 84. Production of pre-packaged vegetable oil by region, Russia, 2006-2010 (tons) ------------ 71

Production Cost -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 73

Table 85. Production cost of vegetable oil, Russia, 2006-2010 (rubles per kilogram) ------------------ 74 Table 86. Forecast of the production cost of vegetable oil, Russia, 2011-2015 (rubles per kilogram)

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 74 Table 87. Production cost of vegetable oil by type, Russia, 2006-2010 (rubles per kilogram) -------- 74

MANUFACTURERS OF VEGETABLE OIL -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 75

Rating of Companies by Economic Output ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 75

Table 88. Rating of companies, producing vegetable oil, by economic output, Russia, 2010 (thousand tons) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 75



Rating of Companies by Sales Revenue ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 79

Table 89. Rating of companies, producing vegetable oil, by sales revenue, Russia, 2010 (million rubles) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 79

TRADE BALANCE ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 82

Table 90. Balance of export and import of vegetable oil, Russia, 2006-2010 (million tons) ----------- 83 Table 91. Forecast of the balance of export and import of vegetable oil, Russia, 2011-2015 (million

tons) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 83

EXPORT OF VEGETABLE OIL ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 84

Actual Volume of Export -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 84

Table 92. Actual volume of export of vegetable oil from Russia, 2006-2010 (million tons; %) -------- 84 Table 93. Forecast of the actual volume of export of vegetable oil from Russia, 2011-2015 (million

tons; %) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 84 Table 94. Actual volume of export of vegetable oil from Russia by type, 2006-2010 (thousand tons)

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 85 Table 95. Actual volume of export of unrefined and refined soybean oil and its fractions, with

unchanged chemical composition, from Russia, 2006-2010 (tons) ------------------------------------------ 86 Table 96. Actual volume of export of unrefined and refined olive oil and its fractions, with

unchanged chemical composition, from Russia, 2006-2010 (tons) ------------------------------------------ 87 Table 97. Actual volume of export of unrefined and refined palm oil and its fractions, with

unchanged chemical composition, from Russia, 2006-2010 (tons) ------------------------------------------ 88 Table 98. Actual volume of export of unrefined and refined sunflower, safflower and cotton-seed oils

and their fractions, with unchanged chemical composition, from Russia, 2006-2010 (tons) ---------- 89 Table 99.Actual volume of export of unrefined and refined coconut (pile), palm-seed and babassu

oils and their fractions, with unchanged chemical composition, from Russia, 2006-2010 (tons) ----- 91 Table 100. Actual volume of export of unrefined and refined rapeseed (from rape or colza) and

mustard oils and their fractions, with unchanged chemical composition, from Russia, 2006-2010 (tons) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 92

Table 101. Actual volume of export of other unrefined and refined non-volatile vegetable fats and oils (including jojoba oil) and their fractions, with unchanged chemical composition, from Russia, 2006-2010 (tons) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 93

Table 102. Actual volume of export of other corn oils and their fractions, from Russia, 2006-2010 (tons) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 95

Cost Volume of Export ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 96

Table 103. Cost volume of export of vegetable oil from Russia, 2006-2010 (billion dollars) ---------- 96 Table 104. Forecast of the cost volume of export of vegetable oil from Russia, 2011-2015 (billion

dollars) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 96 Table 105. Cost volume of export of vegetable oil from Russia by type, 2006-2010 (million dollars)

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 96 Table 106. Cost volume of export of unrefined and refined soybean oil and its fractions, with

unchanged chemical composition, from Russia, 2006-2010 (thousand dollars) ------------------------- 97 Table 107. Cost volume of export of unrefined and refined olive oil and its fractions, with unchanged

chemical composition, from Russia, 2006-2010 (thousand dollars) ----------------------------------------- 98



Table 108. Cost volume of export of unrefined and refined palm oil and its fractions, with unchanged chemical composition, from Russia, 2006-2010 (thousand dollars) ----------------------------------------- 99

Table 109. Cost volume of export of unrefined and refined sunflower, safflower and cotton-seed oils and their fractions, with unchanged chemical composition, from Russia, 2006-2010 (thousand dollars) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 100

Table 110. Cost volume of export of unrefined and refined coconut (pile), palm-seed and babassu oils and their fractions, with unchanged chemical composition, from Russia, 2006-2010 (thousand dollars) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 102

Table 111. Cost volume of export of unrefined and refined rapeseed (from rape or colza) and mustard oils and their fractions, with unchanged chemical composition, from Russia, 2006-2010 (thousand dollars) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 103

Table 112. Cost volume of export of other unrefined and refined non-volatile vegetable fats and oils (including jojoba oil) and their fractions, with unchanged chemical composition, from Russia, 2006-2010 (thousand dollars) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 105

Table 113. Cost volume of export of other corn oils and their fractions, from Russia, 2006-2010 (thousand dollars) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 107

Export Cost ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 108

Table 114. Average export cost of vegetable oil, from Russia, 2006-2010 (dollarsper kilogram) -- 108 Table 115. Forecast of the average export cost of vegetable oil, from Russia, 2011-2015 (dollars

per kilogram) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 108 Table 116. Average export cost of vegetable oil, from Russia, by type, 2006-2010 (dollars per

kilogram) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 108 Table 117. Average export cost of unrefined and refined soybean oil and its fractions, with

unchanged chemical composition, from Russia, 2006-2010 (dollars per kilogram) ------------------- 109 Table 118. Average export cost of unrefined and refined olive oil and its fractions, with unchanged

chemical composition, from Russia, 2006-2010 (dollars per kilogram) ----------------------------------- 110 Table 119. Average export cost of unrefined and refined palm oil and its fractions, with unchanged

chemical composition, from Russia, 2006-2010 (dollars per kilogram) ----------------------------------- 111 Table 120. Average export cost of unrefined and refined sunflower, safflower and cotton-seed oils

and their fractions, with unchanged chemical composition, from Russia, 2006-2010 (dollars per kilogram) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 112

Table 121. Average export cost of unrefined and refined coconut (pile), palm-seed and babassu oils and their fractions, with unchanged chemical composition, from Russia, 2006-2010 (dollars per kilogram) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 114

Table 122. Average export cost of unrefined and refined rapeseed (from rape or colza) and mustard oils and their fractions, with unchanged chemical composition, from Russia, 2006-2010 (dollars per kilogram) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 115

Table 123. Average export cost of other unrefined and refined non-volatile vegetable fats and oils (including jojoba oil) and their fractions, with unchanged chemical composition, from Russia, 2006-2010 (dollars per kilogram) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 117

Table 124. Average export cost of other corn oils and their fractions, from Russia, 2006-2010 (dollars per kilogram) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 119

IMPORT OF VEGETABLE OIL ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 120

Actual Volume of Import ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 120

Table 125. Actual volume of import of vegetable oil into Russia, 2006-2010 (million tons; %) ----- 120



Table 126. Forecast of the actual volume of import of vegetable oil into Russia, 2011-2015 (million tons; %) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 120

Table 127. Actual volume of import of vegetable oil into Russia by type, 2006-2010 (thousand tons) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 121

Table 128. Actual volume of import of unrefined and refined soybean oil and its fractions, with unchanged chemical composition, into Russia, 2006-2010 (tons) ----------------------------------------- 122

Table 129. Actual volume of import of unrefined and refined peanut oil and its fractions, with unchanged chemical composition, into Russia, 2006-2010 (tons) ----------------------------------------- 123

Table 130. Actual volume of import of unrefined and refined olive oil and its fractions, with unchanged chemical composition, into Russia, 2006-2010 (tons) ----------------------------------------- 124

Table 131. Actual volume of import of other unrefined and refined oils and their fractions, extracted from olives only, with unchanged chemical composition, into Russia, 2006-2010 (tons) ------------ 125

Table 132. Actual volume of import of unrefined and refined palm oil and its fractions, with unchanged chemical composition, into Russia, 2006-2010 (tons) ----------------------------------------- 126

Table 133. Actual volume of import of unrefined and refined sunflower, safflower and cotton-seed oils and their fractions, with unchanged chemical composition, into Russia, 2006-2010 (tons) ---- 127

Table 134. Actual volume of import of unrefined and refined coconut (pile), palm-seed and babassu oils and their fractions, with unchanged chemical composition, into Russia, 2006-2010 (tons) ---- 129

Table 135. Actual volume of import of unrefined and refined rapeseed (from rape or colza) and mustard oils and their fractions, with unchanged chemical composition, into Russia, 2006-2010 (tons) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 130

Table 136. Actual volume of import of other unrefined and refined non-volatile vegetable fats and oils (including jojoba oil) and their fractions, with unchanged chemical composition, into Russia, 2006-2010 (tons) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 131

Table 137. Actual volume of import of crude corn oil, into Russia, 2007-2010 (tons) ----------------- 132 Table 138. Actual volume of import of other corn oils and their fractions, into Russia, 2006-2010

(tons) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 133

Cost Volume of Import --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 134

Table 139. Cost volume of import of vegetable oil into Russia, 2006-2010 (billion dollars; %) ----- 134 Table 140. Forecast of the cost volume of import of vegetable oil into Russia, 2011-2015 (billion

dollars; %) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 134 Table 141. Cost volume of import of vegetable oil into Russia by type, 2006-2010 (million dollars)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 134 Table 142. Cost volume of import of unrefined and refined soybean oil and its fractions, with

unchanged chemical composition, into Russia, 2006-2010 (thousand dollars) ------------------------ 135 Table 143. Cost volume of import of unrefined and refined peanut oil and its fractions, with

unchanged chemical composition, into Russia, 2006-2010 (thousand dollars) ------------------------ 136 Table 144. Cost volume of import of unrefined and refined olive oil and its fractions, with unchanged

chemical composition, into Russia, 2006-2010 (thousand dollars) ---------------------------------------- 137 Table 145. Cost volume of import of other unrefined and refined oils and their fractions, extracted

from olives only, with unchanged chemical composition, into Russia, 2006-2010 (thousand dollars) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 138

Table 146. Cost volume of import of unrefined and refined palm oil and its fractions, with unchanged chemical composition, into Russia, 2006-2010 (thousand dollars) ---------------------------------------- 139

Table 147. Cost volume of import of unrefined and refined sunflower, safflower and cotton-seed oils and their fractions, with unchanged chemical composition, into Russia, 2006-2010 (thousand dollars) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 140



Table 148. Cost volume of import of unrefined and refined coconut (pile), palm-seed and babassu oils and their fractions, with unchanged chemical composition, into Russia, 2006-2010 (thousand dollars) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 141

Table 149.Cost volume of import of unrefined and refined rapeseed (from rape or colza) and mustard oils and their fractions, with unchanged chemical composition, into Russia, 2006-2010 (thousand dollars) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 142

Table 150. Cost volume of import of other unrefined and refined non-volatile vegetable fats and oils (including jojoba oil) and their fractions, with unchanged chemical composition, into Russia, 2006-2010 (thousand dollars) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 143

Table 151. Cost volume of import of crude corn oil, into Russia, 2007-2010 (thousand dollars) --- 144 Table 152. Cost volume of import of other corn oils and their fractions, into Russia, 2006-2010

(thousand dollars) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 145

Import Cost ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 146

Table 153. Average import cost of vegetable oil into Russia, 2006-2010 (dollars per kilogram; %) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 146

Table 154. Forecast of the average import cost of vegetable oil into Russia, 2011-2015 (dollars per kilogram; %) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 146

Table 155. Average import cost of vegetable oil into Russia by type, 2006-2010 (dollars per kilogram) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 146

Table 156. Average import cost of unrefined and refined soybean oil and its fractions, with unchanged chemical composition, into Russia, 2006-2010 (dollars per kilogram) -------------------- 147

Table 157. Average import cost of unrefined and refined peanut oil and its fractions, with unchanged chemical composition, into Russia, 2006-2010 (dollars per kilogram) -------------------- 148

Table 158. Average import cost of unrefined and refined olive oil and its fractions, with unchanged chemical composition, into Russia, 2006-2010 (dollars per kilogram) ------------------------------------ 149

Table 159. Average import cost of other unrefined and refined oils and their fractions, extracted from olives only, with unchanged chemical composition, into Russia, 2006-2010 (dollars per kilogram) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 150

Table 160. Average import cost of unrefined and refined palm oil and its fractions, with unchanged chemical composition, into Russia, 2006-2010 (dollars per kilogram) ------------------------------------ 151

Table 161. Average import cost of unrefined and refined sunflower, safflower and cotton-seed oils and their fractions, with unchanged chemical composition, into Russia, 2006-2010 (dollars per kilogram) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 152

Table 162. Average import cost of unrefined and refined coconut (pile), palm-seed and babassu oils and their fractions, with unchanged chemical composition, into Russia, 2006-2010 (dollars per kilogram) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 153

Table 163. Average import cost of unrefined and refined rapeseed (from rape or colza) and mustard oils and their fractions, with unchanged chemical composition, into Russia, 2006-2010 (dollars per kilogram) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 154

Table 164. Average import cost of other unrefined and refined non-volatile vegetable fats and oils (including jojoba oil) and their fractions, with unchanged chemical composition, into Russia, 2006-2010 (dollars per kilogram) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 155

Table 165. Average import cost of crude corn oil, into Russia, 2007-2010 (dollars per kilogram) - 156 Table 166. Average import cost of other corn oils and their fractions, into Russia, 2006-2010 (dollars

per kilogram) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 157

ECONOMIC INDICATORS OF THE INDUSTRY ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 158



Financial Results ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 159

Table 167. Sales revenue, Russia, 2006-2010 (billion rubles) --------------------------------------------- 159 Table 168. Business and executive expenses, Russia, 2006-2010 (billion rubles) -------------------- 159 Table 169. Product cost, Russia, 2006-2010 (billion rubles) ------------------------------------------------ 160 Table 170. Gross profit on sales, Russia, 2006-2010 (billion rubles) ------------------------------------- 160

Economical Effectiveness ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 161

Table 171. Economical effectiveness of the branch, Russia, 2006-2010 (%; times; days) ---------- 161

Investments ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 162

Table 172. Investments into the branch, Russia, 2006-2010 (million rubles) --------------------------- 162

Labor Resources ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 163

Table 173. Labor resources of the branch, Russia, 2006-2010 (thousand people, billion rubles, thousand rubles per annum) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 163

ECONOMIC PROFILES OF THE LEADING MANUFACTURERS OF VEGETABLE OIL ------------------- 164

«YUG RUSI” OIL-EXTRACTING PLANT, LLC --------------------------------------------------------------------- 164

Registration Data of the Company --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 164 Company Management ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 164 Subsidiary Companies ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 164 Major Shareholders --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 165 Economic Output by Product Type -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 165 Accounting Balance Sheet (Form 1) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 166 Statement of Income and Expenditures (Form 2) -------------------------------------------------------------- 167 Financial Indexation of the Company ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 168

“EFIRNOE”, OJSC --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 169


“BUNGE CIS” IN KOLODEZNY, BRANCH OF THE LLC ------------------------------------------------------- 174

Registration Data of the Company --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 174 Company Management ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 174 Major Shareholders --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 174 Economic Output by Product Type -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 174

“SODRUZHESTVO-SOYA”, CJSC ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 175

Registration Data of the Company --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 175



Company Management ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 175 Subsidiary Companies ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 175 Major Shareholders --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 175 Economic Output by Product Type -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 175 Accounting Balance Sheet (Form 1) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 176 Statement of Income and Expenditures (Form 2) -------------------------------------------------------------- 177 Financial Indexation of the Company ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 178

“ATKARSK OIL-EXTRACTING PLANT”, OPEN JOINT STOCK COMPANY ------------------------------ 179

Registration Data of the Company --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 179 Company Management ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 179 Major Shareholders --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 179 Economic Output by Product Type -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 179 Accounting Balance Sheet (Form 1) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 180 Statement of Income and Expenditures (Form 2) -------------------------------------------------------------- 181 Financial Indexation of the Company ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 182

“ASTON FOODS AND FOOD INGRIDIENTS”, OJSC ------------------------------------------------------------ 183




Condition of the Russian Economy

Basic Characteristics of the Russian Economy

Table 1. Volume of nominal and real GDP, Russia, 2006-2015 (trillion rubles) 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Trillion rubles(current prices)

26.9 33.2 41.4 39.1 45.7 51.6 57.1 63.2 68.5 74.0

Trillion rubles(prices of 2003)

16.3 17.6 18.6 17.1 17.7 18.3 18.9 19.5 20.5 21.4

Source: Ministry of the Economic Development of the Russian Federation

In 2008 the GDP of Russia was 41.3 trillion rubles on the current basis. At the year-end the economic growth equaled 24.6% in nominal terms (in current prices, unadjusted for inflation) and 5.6% in real terms (in fixed prices for 2003). Nevertheless, the GDP decreased by 6% in 2009.

The rapid growth of the Russian economy in the middle of the 2000's was made for by 3 major factors:

Record income of energy product and metal exporters

Availability of financial resources to the Russian enterprises in the credit and stock markets

Permanent income growth and availability of consumer loans

Pumping of the economy with easy money and rush demand urged the manufacturers and distributors to augment trade stocks, hoping for greater demand. With the beginning of the crisis availability of loans plummeted, devaluation reduced attraction of import, and consumer pessimism prevailed in the market. The stocked merchandize became surplus. Consumers refused to do shopping, and production started slumping without orders. Customers went on strike: instead of spending, they began to save money.

By the middle of 2008 Russian banks and companies had accumulated significant external debts, which totaled 540 billion dollars. It is particularly remarkable, that it took them only 3 and half years to do it: on 1 January 2005 the volume of external debt equaled 100 billion dollars. It was the credit abundance that was the major driver of the economic buoyancy in the middle of the 2000s, not oil sales.

However, as soon as the sources of foreign borrowings became unavailable, the whole Russian economy received a great shock. According to Sergey Aleksashenko, Macroeconomic Research Director of the State University – Higher School of Economics, 40% of the foreign debts were short-term. From the middle of 2008 to the end of 2009 banks and enterprises were to acquit 200 billion dollars of debt. This sum should be added to uncollected 200 billion dollars that had been sunk into the economy for the previous one and a half years. All in all, the total credit crunch neared 400 billion dollars (25% of the national GDP).

The greatest losses in Russia fell on the financial, construction, automobile and metallurgical industries, that were greatly dependent on the investments, loans and external economic conditions. The rest of the industries suffered as well, to a greater or lesser extent. The demand was the same only for staple foodstuffs and essential commodities. However, manufacturers of these goods incurred losses because of the prolonged arrears in payment from distributors and retailers.

In 2009 about 37 thousand of companies were dissolved in Russia, 30% of which were liquidated due to bankruptcy. Such companies as “KrasAir”, “IzhAuto”, “Avia”, “Betalink”, “Tsifrograd”, “Dixis”, “Neotorg” and “Tyumenenergobank” went out of business as well.



Classification of Vegetable oil Vegetable oil are products extracted from oily raw materials and composed by 95-97% of triglycerides (organic compounds, compound full esters of glycerin and fatty acids). The remaining part falls on waxes and phospholipids as well as on free fatty acids, lipochromes, tocopherols, vitamins and other substances thatimpart color, flavor and smell to the oils.

By the degree of purification vegetable oil are classified into:

Unrefined –mechanically purified

Hydrated – mechanically purified and processed by hydration

Refined– mechanically purified, processed by hydration and neutralization, and sometimes by deodorization

Vegetable oil include the following types of oils:

Sunflower oil

Corn oil

Soybean oil

Olive oil

Palm oil

Coconut oil

Rapeseed oil

Peanut oil

Other oils

Sunflower oil is one the most important vegetable fat oils extracted from sunflower seeds. Typically it is consumed directly with food. In cookery, sunflower oil is used for frying and dressing salads. It is also used for making margarine and cooking fats (by means of hydration). Sunflower oil is used for making canned food, as well as in soap boiling and paint and varnish industry. Sunflower oil is the component of various ointments.

Corn oil is fat vegetable oil extracted from corn seeds. By chemical structure it is similar to sunflower oil. Corn oil is used in bakery, for making salads, mayonnaise and margarine.

Soybean oil is solid fat oil extracted from soya seeds. It has the largest share in the world manufacture of vegetable oil. Refined soybean oil is used with food and as a source for margarine manufacture. Along with fat oil extracted from soya seeds there are another valuable component, which is lecithin. Lecithin is separated from soybean oil and can be used in confectionery and pharmaceutics. By the volume of vegetable oil production in the world it ranks second after palm oil.

Olive oil is fat vegetable oil extracted from olive pulps. It is widely used in cookery, cosmetology, and soap manufacture. Olive oil is a valuable diet food due to high content of monounsaturated fat acids and polyphenols. It is widespread in the Mediterraneancuisine, especiallyin Italy.

Palm oil is oil extracted from pulps of oil-palm. It is used in soap boiling, stearin preparation, margarine manufacture, in cookery and confectionery, and also as lubricant. Sometimes a small amount of palm oil can be found in packages with instant noodles. Palm oil ranks first in the production of vegetable oil in the world.



Coconut oil is vegetable fat oil extracted from copra. It is produced by hot pressing of fresh dried pulp of coconut. It is mainly used in soap boiling, cosmetics manufacture for preparing cooling fillings in wafer cakes and margarine manufacture.

Rapeseed oil is vegetable oil extracted from rape seeds. Generally it is used in soap boiling, textile and leather industry as well as in manufacture ofdrying oil. After refining and hydrogenation rapeseed oil is used in margarine industry. Nowadays rape is cultivated widely as oil crop in areas where most oil crops not always and noteverywhere mature. In the near future it will be rape that will be able to compete adequately with sunflower. Recently rapeseed oil has been also of great interest as raw material for diesel fuel.

World production of rapeseed oil accounts for 12% of the total volume of production of vegetable oil in the world, ranking third after palm and soybean oils.

Peanut oil is vegetable oil extracted by pressing peanuts (Arachis).It is produced in two variations: refined and unrefined. Unrefined oil is red-brown, while refined oil is pale yellow.

Other oils include linseed, castor, sesame and mustard oils.



Industrial Processing of Vegetable oil Industrial processing is aimed at creating food products, paint materials, biofuels and other products using vegetable oil as a raw material. Industrial processing also includes internal consumption of vegetable oil at the plant in course of manufacture. In this chapter we analize only the vegetable oil that is processed into other products. The vegetable oil that is purified and prepackaged for the retaililing market or wholesale sales in the HoReCa sector are described in separate chapters of the report.

Processing

Production capacity is the maximum possible output of goods (per year, day, or shift) or the volume of production and processing of raw materials in the classification and range. It is determined on the base of full use of the set mode of production equipment and production area. The capacity to produce a specific type of product, factors of its change and the level of its utilization are characterized by the balance of production capacities. The ашпгкуы of the balance help calculate the average annual production capacity for the accounting period and its efficiency ratio. The level of utilization of production capacity is a relative index that characterizes the degree of utilization of capacities for manufacture of particular types of products. It is calculated as the ratio of the actual output of products to the average annual production capacity for the accounting period. It is usually given for large- and medium-scale industrial organizations.

Table 31. The average annual production capacity of enterprises processing vegetable oil, Russia, 2006-2010 (million tons; %)

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Production capacity (million tons) 4.0 4.1 3.9 4.9 4.9

Dynamics (% of the previous year) - 3.9 -5.1 25.5 -0.4

Source: BusinesStat, Complex Analysis of Marketing Data

Table 32. Forecast of the average annual production capacity of enterprises for processing vegetable oil, Russia, 2011-2015 (million tons; %)

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Production capacity (million tons) 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.3 5.4

Dynamics (% of the previous year) 4.1 2.2 2.2 0.1 1.8




Table 33. Utilization of production capacities for processing of vegetable oil, Russia, 2006-2010 (%)

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Utilization of production capacities (%) 69.3 66.2 63.4 66.9 61.5


Table 34. Forecast of the utilization of production capacities for processing of vegetable oil, Russia, 2011-2015 (%)

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Utilization of production capacities (%) 62.2 65.0 65.2 66.1 66.4


Incomplete utilization of the production capacities is connected with the fact that harvesting of oil crops depends on season. This does not allow all enterprises to process raw materials evenly throughout the year.

Not all production capacities, suitable for processing of oil crops, are effective. More than half of all the facilities are outdated.



Retail Sales of Vegetable oil The retail trade includes sales of unchanged vegetable oil, often in consumer and with different degrees of purification. The retailing sector sells vegetable oil to end-users, who can process it in the household, or consume it as it is.

Consumption

In the current chapter the market is analyzed in terms of consumption patterns. It concerns all the consumers, including foreigners living in Russia, because they can also turn out to be consumers of vegetable oil.

The vegetable oil that has been consumed in the public catering is taken into account as well.

In order to gather data about consumption of vegetable oil, BusinesStat carries out annual surveys of vegetable oil consumers with the sample of 4,200 respondents.

It should be noted that BusinesStat distinguishes between purchasers and consumers of vegetable oil. According to the classification by BusinesStat, a purchaser is not only the person who buys the product, but also any other person who uses the purchased products.

Table 51. Number of consumers of vegetable oil, Russia, 2006-2010 (million people)

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Number of consumers of vegetable oil (million people) 139.1 138.9 138.7 138.4 138.4

Dynamics (% of the previous year) - -0.14 -0.16 -0.22 -0.04

Source: BusinesStat, Standardized Survey of Vegetable Oil Consumers, All-Russian regular survey, sample of 4,200 respondents.

Table 52. Forecast of the number of consumers of vegetable oil, Russia, 2011-2015 (million people)

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Number of consumers of vegetable oil (million people) 138.4 138.3 138.2 138.1 138.0

Dynamics (% of the previous year) 0.02 -0.05 -0.06 -0.12 -0.06

Source: BusinesStat, Standardized Survey of Vegetable Oil Consumers, All-Russian regular survey, sample of 4,200 respondents.

Consumers of vegetable oil are the people who bought it at least once a year. People who did not buy the product but consumed it are also considered to be consumers. For example, family members who eat purchased products, or service men who consume stocked canned food with vegetable oil are regarded as consumers as well.



Cost Volume of Export

Table 103. Cost volume of export of vegetable oil from Russia, 2006-2010 (billion dollars)

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Export (billion dollars) 0.432 0.497 0.782 0.775 0.649

Dynamics (% of the previous year) - 15.1 57.3 -0.9 -16.3

Source: Federal Customs Service of the Russian Federation. Customs Declaration / Transit Entry for participants of the foreign economic activity "Record of Cargo and Vehicle Transit across the Border”.

Index “Export of Vegetable Oil" is calculated by multiplying the net weight of the cargo (tons) by the cost of one ton of the cargo (dollars per ton). The weight of all the cargoes is taken into consideration. Unit of account: all enterprises engaged in foreign economic activities in Russia.

Table 104. Forecast of the cost volume of export of vegetable oil from Russia, 2011-2015 (billion dollars)

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Export (billion dollars) 0.752 0.887 0.927 1.019 1.119

Dynamics (% of the previous year) 16.0 17.9 4.5 10.0 9.8

Source: BusinesStat, Complex Analysis of Marketing Data.

Table 105. Cost volume of export of vegetable oil from Russia by type, 2006-2010 (million dollars)

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Sunflower oil 397.2 466.3 658.1 576.5 416.9

Corn oil 0.5 0.6 2.0 1.1 1.1

Soybean oil 0.8 4.2 36.6 123.4 151.5

Olive oil 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Palm oil 0.7 0.8 1.5 0.2 0.2

Coconut oil 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.2

Rapeseed oil 31.4 22.7 81.6 71.9 77.1

Peanut oil 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Other oils 0.9 2.1 1.9 1.9 1.7

Vegetable oil - total 431.6 496.9 781.9 775.1 648.6

Source: Federal Customs Service of the Russian Federation. Customs Declaration / Transit Entry for participants of the foreign economic activity "Record of Cargo and Vehicle Transit across the Border”.

Index “Export of Vegetable Oil" is calculated by multiplying the net weight of the cargo (tons) by the cost of one ton of the cargo (dollars per ton). The weight of all the cargoes is taken into consideration. Unit of account: all enterprises engaged in foreign economic activities in Russia.

The 2006-2015 Outlook for the Vegetable Oil Market in ... · 2009. The slump in production of vegetable oil had been caused by reducing demand and increasing stocks. The demand of

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