THAILAND’S experience on Emission measurement and ... · THAILAND’S experience on Emission measurement and mitigation policies 26 September 2013 UNESCAP , Bangkok Office of Transport

THAILAND’S experience on Emission measurement and mitigation policies

26 September 2013

UNESCAP , Bangkok

Office of Transport and Traffic Policy and Planning , OTP Ministry of Transport, Thailand

TOPIC

• Current situations

• Environmental Sustainable Transport Master Plan

BangkokMetropolitan

Panorama

Bangkok Metropolitan Region , BMRBangkok Metropolitan Region , BMRPOPULATION : 17.5 millionsPOPULATION : 17.5 millionsAREA : 7,760 sq.km.AREA : 7,760 sq.km.GDP 68 % of National GDPGDP 68 % of National GDP

Ministry of TransportMinistry of Transport

19882002

Bangkok’s Land Use (Urban Sprawl)

Bangkok situationBangkok situation

0500000

1000000150000020000002500000300000035000004000000

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Bangkok

Thailand

Number of Vehicle registration :Number of Vehicle registration :20032003 -- 20122012

YearsNu

mbe

r of

Veh

icle

(M

illio

n)

Source: Department of Land Transport

Bangkok

Thailand

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Ratio of Air Emissions (Pollutants) In Bangkok

% Mobile sources% Mobile sources(Motor Vehicle)(Motor Vehicle)

NONOxx SOSOxx COCO PMPM HCHC

% Area source% Area source% Point source% Point source

87%87%80%80% 54%54%75%75%

Quality of LifeQuality of LifeThe CO2 PROBLEM IS A TRANSPORT PROBLEM, PREDOMINATELY CARS AROUND URBAN AREAS

• Health Impact

• Air pollution from transport sector (Bangkok)

‐ 75% of CO‐ 80% of NOx‐ 54% of PM

Air PollutionAir Pollution

9

• Road 

Accident 

• Injuries

• Death

• Stress

Social ImpactSocial Impact

unit 1,000 ton CO2

GHGs Emission by Sector : 2011GHGs Emission by Sector : 2011

Source: Thailand Energy Statistic 2012

Road Mode 96.84%

Air Mode 2.06%

Rail Mode 0.68%

Water Mode 0.42%

Source: National Greenhouse Gas listing

Volumes of Greenhouse gas released by

Thailand’s Transport Sector

Volumes of Greenhouse gas released by

Thailand’s Transport Sector

11th Thailand National Economic and Social Development Plan11th Thailand National Economic and Social Development Plan

(Transport(Transport Sector During Year 2010Sector During Year 2010--2015) 2015)

International  Trade  

Agreement

Climate Change

Aging 

Society

Energy 

• Change to Alternative Energy , Green Energy and Efficiency use in Energy

• Road and Rail integrated Network around country and Neighboring Country

• Improve Multi-modal Transportation• Improve Transport System, Efficiency , Effectiveness, Accessibility,

Safety ,Transport for all, (Aging people and Handicap) • More Public Private Participation(PPP) Investment

Sub – regional

Corporation

Environment

Economic

SocialSocial

International Driving Force : EST forum,Rio+20, UNFCCC

Internal Driving force

Internal Driving force

Master Plan DevelopmentMaster Plan Development

Environmental Environmental Sustainable Sustainable Transport Transport MasterplanMasterplan

Economic prosperity Decrease economic loss

(VOT, VOC)Increase Competitiveness

Environmental friendlyEnergy saving, Energy efficiency

Reduce air emission& GHGs reduction

Social & Quality of lifeSafety, Accessibility,Equity, Sufficiency

Sustainable Sustainable 

TransportTransport

Ministry of Transport

Vision : Toward Sustainable Transport

Transport and Traffic Development Master Plan 2011 ‐ 2020

SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT MASTER PLAN

Bangkok DeclarationBangkok DeclarationEST 2010 EST 2010 -- 20202020

Avoid Avoid Shift Shift ImproveImprove

STRATEGY

Strategy 1:Upgrade capability of agencies and personnel for the development of an environmentally sustainable transport system.

Strategy 2:Establish appropriate plans and mechanisms for interfacing and monitoring of transport and traffic work plans/measures/projects; and to move them forward to implementation.

Strategy 3:Establish comprehensive and inter-connected transport infrastructure.

Strategy 4: Efficient transport management for sustainability and greenhouse gas reduction.

Strategy 5: Promote transport R&D and adoption of environment-friendly innovations and technologies.

Strategy 6:Promote public awareness of the environment.

1. การเตรียมรถตวัอยาง

2. การนํารถขึ้นแทนทดสอบ 3. การเตรียมขอมูลรถทดสอบและรูปแบบการขับขี่

4. การเตรียมเครื่องมือและระบบทดสอบ

5. การเตรียมกระดาษกรองในกรณีทดสอบรถยนตดีเซล

6. การดําเนินการทดสอบมลพิษจากรถยนต7. การวเิคราะหขอมูล

8. การประมวลผลขอมูล

Emission Test (Laboratory Test)

1122 33

44

55

6677

88

20

21

Mode share

Load factor

Land-use patterns

Network design

Carbon content of fuel

Fuel efficiency

Behaviour Design Technology

Emissions per mode (CO2-eq.)

Number of vehicles

Distance travelled

Emissions per vehicle-distance travelled

= x x

Mode share

Load factor

Land-use patterns

Network design

Carbon content of fuel

Fuel efficiency

Behaviour Design Technology

Emissions per mode (CO2-eq.)

Number of vehicles

Distance travelled

Emissions per vehicle-distance travelled

= x x

ปริมาณมลพิษ = จํานวนเที่ยวการเดินทาง X ระยะทางที่เดินทาง X ตัวคูณการปลอยมลพิษปริมาณมลพิษ = จํานวนเที่ยวการเดินทาง X ระยะทางที่เดินทาง X ตัวคูณการปลอยมลพิษ

GHGs Analysis by project/programme

1. คํานวณการลดการปลอยกาซเรือนกระจก (%) ในพื้นทีอ่ทิธิพลของโครงการโดยใชสมมตฐิานการเปลี่ยนแปลงการเดินทางในสมการ Equation - ASI

22

Transport Model : Transport Model :

YearGrowth

Rate

CO2

NAM2553 34.84

2554 2.41% 36.43

2560 3.20% 43.99

2573 3.20% 62.30

YearGrowth

Rate

CO2

e‐BUM2553 18.05

2554 3.20% 18.21

2560 3.20% 24.35

2573 3.20% 35.90

Nationally

NAM

BMR

e-BUM

**Energy Consumption

CO2

Energy24,594 57.07

25,186 58.44

30,425 70.60

46,810 108.62

** Energy Consumption

CO2

Energy 11,347 25.22

11,710 26.03

14,146 30.47

21,305 37.98

ผลตาง

22.23

22.01

26.61

46.32

ผลตาง

7.17

7.82

6.12

2.08

*ปริมาณกาซ CO2 หนวยเปน ลานตัน

**การใชพลังงานในภาคขนสง หนวย ktoe

GHGs emission from Transport sector

Potential   GHGs reduction in Transportation Sector

Year GHGs at BAU(Million tons CO2 e)

Potential of GHGs reduction

(Million tons CO2 e)

%

2005 57.52 - -

2017 67.53 11 - 13 16 - 19

2020 74.02 15 - 16 20 - 22

2030 102.82 27 - 30 26 - 29

Thailand’s EST Master Plan 120projects/plans/policies

• Safety :Decade of road safety

•Climate Change•Awareness 

Most difficult

Implementing 

Largely Implemented 

Largely Implemented

Not  yet

Thank youThank you

Further information, please [email protected]