THAI TECH STEEL (2013) CO.,LTD. P P P R R R O O O D D D U U U C C C T T T S S S P P P E E E C C C I I I F F F I I I C C C A A A T T T I I I O O O N N N C C C A A A S S S T T T S S S T T T E E E E E E L L L R R R O O O L L L L L L Description Description Roll materials of this group are high carbon alloy steels with carbon content ranging from 0.4 to 1.4 % by weight. The major alloying element is chromium with small amount of molybdenum to improve hardenability. Hardness of high carbon alloy rolls is in the range HSC 30 to 42 depending on carbon content. Microstructure of cast steels with carbon less than 0.8% consists of proeutectoid ferrite and fine pearlite. The fraction of pearlite increases with increasing carbon content of the steels and provide the necessary hardness for wear resistance. At carbon content exceeding this proeutectoid cementite (primary carbide) appears in the microstructure with full pearlitic matrix. Some of the primary carbide dissolves into matrix and re-precipitate as small, uniformly dispearsed carbide particles (free carbide) in the matrix as a result of heat treatment. Due to the relatively low carbon content, small amount of carbide dispearsed in the tough pearlitic matrix provide the necessary toughness required in heavily stressed operations such as slabbing, blooming, and heavy section rolling. Limited carbon content also enables rolls to be welded under certain controlled conditions. With higher carbon content, the rolls are also capable to be used in medium section rolling and roughing in which superior wear resistance is demanded. Application Application Product Type of Mill Position Plate 2 High Roughing Sheet 2 and 3 High Roughing Wide strip 2 and 3 High Roughing Beam blanks 2 High Roughing Billets 2 and 3 High Roughing Heavy section and rail 2 and 3 High Roughing Medium section 2 and 3 High Roughing Super tough requirements. Microstructure × 100 Microstructure × 100 Pearlite matrix with small primary and secondary carbide. Hardness Distribution Curve Hardness Distribution Curve TCP (30-42 HSC.) 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 mm. HSC. Mechanical Properties Mechanical Properties HARDNESS ( HSC. ) TENSILE STRENGTH ( kg/mm 2 ) ELONGATION ( % ) FATIGUE LIMIT ( kg/mm 2 ) IMPACT TEST ( kg.mm ) MODULUS OF ELASTICITY ( kg/mm 2 ) BARREL 32 ~ 42 65 ~ 95 1.0 ~ 7.0 21 ~ 30 0.4 ~ 3.5 21000 JOURNAL 30 ~ 40 55 ~ 85 0.5 ~ 7.0 18 ~ 28 0.4 ~ 3.0 21000 Typical Analysis Typical Analysis TTS Symbol Cast Hardness C Si Mn P S Ni Cr Mo TCPL S 30 ~ 38 0.4 ~ 0.6 0.3 ~ 0.7 0.6 ~ 1.0 0.03 MAX 0.03 MAX 1.00 MAX 0.8 ~ 1.2 0.5 MAX TCP-1 S 32 ~ 38 0.6 ~ 0.8 0.3 ~ 0.7 0.6 ~ 1.0 0.03 MAX 0.03 MAX - 0.8 ~ 1.2 0.5 MAX TCP-2 S 35 ~ 40 0.8 ~ 1.0 0.3 ~ 0.7 0.6 ~ 1.0 0.03 MAX 0.03 MAX - 0.8 ~ 1.2 0.5 MAX TCP-3 S 37 ~ 42 1.0 ~ 1.2 0.3 ~ 0.7 0.6 ~ 1.0 0.03 MAX 0.03 MAX - 0.8 ~ 1.2 0.5 MAX TCP-4 S 37 ~ 42 1.2 ~ 1.4 0.3 ~ 0.7 0.6 ~ 1.0 0.03 MAX 0.03 MAX - 0.8 ~ 1.2 0.5 MAX UNCONTROLLED COPY
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THAI TECH STEEL (2013) CO.,LTD. THAI TECH STEEL (2003) CO ...ttsrolls2013.com/PDF/application ThaiTech.pdf · steels with carbon content ranging from 0.4 to 1.4 % by weight. The major
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Roll materials of this group are high carbon alloy steels with carbon content ranging from 0.4 to 1.4 % by weight. The major alloying element is chromium with small amount of molybdenum to improve hardenability. Hardness of high carbon alloy rolls is in the range HSC 30 to 42 depending on carbon content.
Microstructure of cast steels with carbon less than 0.8% consists of proeutectoid ferrite and fine pearlite. The fraction of pearlite increases with increasing carbon content of the steels and provide the necessary hardness for wear resistance. At carbon content exceeding this proeutectoid cementite (primary carbide) appears in the microstructure with full pearlitic matrix. Some of the primary carbide dissolves into matrix and re-precipitate as small, uniformly dispearsed carbide particles (free carbide) in the matrix as a result of heat treatment.
Due to the relatively low carbon content, small amount of carbide dispearsed in the tough pearlitic matrix provide the necessary toughness required in heavily stressed operations such as slabbing, blooming, and heavy section rolling. Limited carbon content also enables rolls to be welded under certain controlled conditions. With higher carbon content, the rolls are also capable to be used in medium section rolling and roughing in which superior wear resistance is demanded.
Application Application
Product Type of Mill PositionPlate 2 High Roughing
Sheet 2 and 3 High Roughing
Wide strip 2 and 3 High Roughing
Beam blanks 2 High Roughing
Billets 2 and 3 High Roughing
Heavy section and rail 2 and 3 High Roughing
Medium section 2 and 3 High RoughingSuper tough requirements.
Microstructure × 100Microstructure × 100
Pearlite matrix with small primary and secondary carbide.
Hardness Distribution CurveHardness Distribution CurveTCP (30-42 HSC.)
Description DescriptionOriginally developed for roughing and intermediate
rolling, adamite rolls are steel-base rolls having properties between those of cast iron rolls and high carbon cast steel rolls.
Carbon contents of Adamite ranges from 1.4 to 2.4 wt.% with nickel, chromium and molybdenum as alloying elements. With higher content of carbon compound to cast steels, the hardness of Adamite can be controlled between HSC 40 and 58 by adjusting chemical composition and heat treatment processes.
Unique characteristics of Adamite are relatively high hardness while maintaining the levels of strength and toughness for operation requiring both wear resistance and mechanical strength. Microstructure of Adamite consists of hard primary carbide and free(secondary) carbide dispersed in the matrix of fine pearlite.
Adamite rolls are suitable for roughing and intermediate rolling of sections, wire rods and bars. They are can used in finishing stand for section rolling.
Application Application
Product Type of Mill Position Plate 2 High Roughing
Sheet 2 and 3 High -
Wide strip 2 and 3 High Roughing and Intermediate
Beam blanks 2 High Roughing and Intermediate
Billets 2 and 3 High Intermediate and Finishing Heavy section and rail 2 and 3 High Roughing and Intermediate
Medium section 2 and 3 High Roughing and Intermediate
Bar and wire rod 2 and 3 High Roughing
Toughness and wear-resisting requirements.
Microstructure × 100Microstructure × 100
Pearlite matrix with small primary and secondary carbide.
Hardness Distribution CurveHardness Distribution CurveT2SL,T2SA,T2SX (40-55 HSC.)
DescriptionDescriptionT2DP Steel-base rolls having properties between
those of cast iron rolls and high carbon cast steel rolls. Carbon contents ranges from 1.9 to 2.2 wt.% with
nickel, chromium and molybdenum as alloying elements. With higher content of carbon compound to cast steels, the hardness of T2DP can be controlled between HSC 55 and 65 by adjusting chemical composition and heat treatment processes.
Unique characteristics of Adamite are relatively high hardness while maintaining the levels of strength and toughness for operation requiring both wear resistance and mechanical strength. Microstructure of Adamite consists of hard primary carbide and free(secondary) carbide dispersed in the matrix of bainite.
T2DP rolls are suitable for intermediate and finishing rolling of medium and heavy sections rolling.
ApplicationApplication
Product Type of Mill Position Beam blanks 2 High Intermediate and finishing
Billets 2 and 3 High Intermediate and finishingHeavy section and rail 2 and 3 High Intermediate and finishing
Medium section 2 and 3 High Intermediate and finishingToughness and wear-resisting requirements.
Description Description Graphitic steel rolls were developed as substitute for Adamite rolls where high thermal stress and large elastic deformation must be absorbed by roll material. With higher content of silicon, carbon also precipitates as nodular graphite. Microstructure of graphitic steels therefore consists of both primary carbide and fine nodular graphite embedded in pearlite matrix. Graphitic steels have higher toughness and ductility than Adamite while the hardness remains in the range that ensures the wear resistance of rolls.
Application Application
Product Type of Mill PositionPlate 2 High Roughing
Sheet 2 High Roughing
Wide strip 2 High Roughing and Intermediate
Beam blanks 2 High Roughing
Billets 2 High Roughing and Intermediate
Heavy section and rail 2 High Roughing and
Intermediate
Medium section 2 High Roughing and Intermediate
Tough and wear-resisting requirements.
Microstructure × 100Microstructure × 100
Fine pearlite matrix with primary carbides and spheroidal graphite.
Hardness Distribution CurveHardness Distribution CurveT2SY (40-50 HCS.)
Description DescriptionNodular irons are belonged to a group of cast iron
in which most of the carbon crystallizes as spherical particles known as graphite nodules. Remaining carbon combines with iron and chromium to form hard carbide which precipitates during the solidification to form the so-called mottled structure. Matrix of nodular iron rolls is fine pearlitic which provides toughness and strength required in rolling operations. Wide range of properties may be obtained by adjusting the three major alloying elements: chromium, nickel, and molybdenum.
The low nickel grade provides optimal hardness with high strength and toughness which makes it suitable for roughing and intermediate rolling. The medium nickel grade has higher surface hardness necessary for intermediate and finishing. High nickel and molybdenum grade provide excellent mechanical properties at high working temperature in terms of strength, toughness, and hardness.
Application Application
Product Type of Mill PositionSeamless tube 2 High Reducing and
SizingBeam blanks 2 High Roughing
Billets 2 and 3 High Roughing and Intermediate
Heavy section and rail 2 High Roughing and
Intermediate
Medium section 2 and 3 High Roughing and Intermediate
Bar and wire rod 2 and 3 High Roughing and Intermediate
Microstructure × 100Microstructure × 100
Fine pearlite matrix with small primary carbides and spheroidal graphite.
Hardness Distribution CurveHardness Distribution Curve
Description DescriptionNodular irons are belonged to a group of cast iron
in which most of the carbon crystallizes as spherical particles known as graphite nodules. Remaining carbon combines with iron and chromium to form hard carbide which precipitates during the solidification to form the so-called mottled structure. Matrix of nodular iron rolls is ferritic and pearlitic which provides toughness and strength required in rolling operations. Wide range of properties may be obtained by adjusting the three major alloying elements: chromium, nickel, and molybdenum.
The low nickel grade provides optimal hardness with high strength and toughness which makes it suitable for roughing and intermediate rolling. The medium nickel grade has higher surface hardness necessary for intermediate and finishing. High nickel and molybdenum grade provide excellent mechanical properties at high working temperature in terms of strength, toughness, and hardness.
Application Application
Product Type of Mill PositionBeam blanks 2 High Roughing
Billets 2 and 3 High Roughing and Intermediate
Heavy section and rail 2 High Roughing and
Intermediate
Medium section 2 and 3 High Roughing and Intermediate
Bar and wire rod 2 and 3 High Roughing and Intermediate
Microstructure × 100Microstructure × 100
Ferritic and pearlitic matrix with small primary carbides and spheroidal graphite.
Hardness Distribution CurveHardness Distribution Curve
Description DescriptionNodular irons are belonged to a group of cast iron
in which most of the carbon crystallizes as spherical particles known as graphite nodules. Remaining carbon combines with iron and chromium to form hard carbide which precipitates during the solidification to form the so-called mottled structure. Matrix of nodular iron rolls is fine pearlite which provides toughness and strength required in rolling operations. Wide range of properties may be obtained by adjusting the three major alloying elements: chromium, nickel, and molybdenum.
The low nickel grade provides optimal hardness with high strength and toughness which makes it suitable for roughing and intermediate rolling. The medium nickel grade has higher surface hardness necessary for intermediate and finishing. High nickel and molybdenum grade provide excellent mechanical properties at high working temperature in terms of strength, toughness, and hardness.
Application Application
Product Type of Mill Position
Plate 2 High Intermediate and Finishing
Beam blanks 2 High Intermediate and Finishing
Bar and wire rod 2 High Intermediate and Finishing
Heavy section and rail 2 High Intermediate and
Finishing
Medium section 2 High Intermediate and Finishing
Light section 2 High Intermediate and Finishing
Microstructure × 100Microstructure × 100
Fine pearlite matrix with small primary carbides and spheroidal graphite.
Hardness Distribution CurveHardness Distribution Curve
DescriptionDescriptionNodular irons are belonged to a group of cast iron
in which most of the carbon crystallizes as spherical particles known as graphite nodules. Remaining carbon combines with iron and chromium to form hard carbide which precipitates during the solidification to form the so-called mottled structure. Matrix of nodular iron rolls is sorbite and bainitic which provides toughness and strength required in rolling operations. Wide range of properties may be obtained by adjusting the three major alloying elements: chromium, nickel, and molybdenum.
The low nickel grade provides optimal hardness with high strength and toughness which makes it suitable for roughing and intermediate rolling. The medium nickel grade has higher surface hardness necessary for intermediate and finishing. High nickel and molybdenum grade provide excellent mechanical properties at high working temperature in terms of strength, toughness, and hardness.
ApplicationApplication
Product Type of Mill Position Bar and wire rod 2 High Intermediate and
Finishing
Medium section 2 High Intermediate and Finishing
Light section 2 High Intermediate and Finishing
Microstructure × 100Microstructure × 100
Sorbite and bainite matrix with small primary carbides and spheroidal graphite.
CORE STRUCTURE
FC : Pearlite matrix with flake graphite
FCD : Pearlite matrix with nodular graphite
Hardness Distribution CurveHardness Distribution Curve
Description DescriptionNodular irons are belonged to a group of cast iron
in which most of the carbon crystallizes as spherical particles known as graphite nodules. Remaining carbon combines with iron and chromium to form hard carbide which precipitates during the solidification to form the so-called mottled structure. Matrix of nodular iron rolls is acicular which provides toughness and strength required in rolling operations. Wide range of properties may be obtained by adjusting the three major alloying elements: chromium, nickel, and molybdenum.
The low nickel grade provides optimal hardness with high strength and toughness which makes it suitable for roughing and intermediate rolling. The medium nickel grade has higher surface hardness necessary for intermediate and finishing. High nickel and molybdenum grade provide excellent mechanical properties at high working temperature in terms of strength, toughness, and hardness.
Application ApplicationProduct Type of Mill PositionBeam blanks 2 High Intermediate and
FinishingHeavy section and rail 2 High Intermediate
Medium section 2 High Intermediate and Finishing
Light section 2 High Intermediate and Finishing
Bar and wire rod 2 and 3 High Roughing,Intermediate and Finishing
Microstructure × 100Microstructure × 100
Acicular matrix with small primary carbides and spheroidal graphite.
CORE STRUCTURE
FC : Pearlite matrix with flake graphite
FCD : Pearlite matrix with nodular graphite
Hardness Distribution CurveHardness Distribution CurveStatic casting
AAALLLLLLOOOYYY IIINNNDDDEEEFFFIIINNNIIITTTEEE CCCHHHIIILLLLLLDDeessccrriippttiioonn This roll grade uses iron with high nickel content together with chromium and molybdenum to produce a hard, wear-resisting surface with a combination of tough core which can be produced by static or centrifugally casting. Indefinite chill differs from definite chill in the graphitization of carbon in the microstructure which improves the resistance to firecracking while the remaining free carbide still provides the necessary hardness for wear resistance. Matrix of alloy indefinite chill can be controlled varying from fine pearlite, bainite, martensite or a combination matrix by adjusting chemical compositions. They are suitable for hot rolling of flat products such as intermediate and finishing of plates and strips.
AApppplliiccaattiioonnProduct Type of Mill Position
This roll grade obtains white cast iron at the surface layer by controlling chemical components such as nickel and chromium. The superior high hardness from carbide provides excellent wear resistance required in finishing of strip, wires, and bars. Strength and hardness of materials in this grade can be adjusted by chemical compositions and type of matrix which ranges from pearlite, bainite to martensite.
AApppplliiccaattiioonn
Product Type of Mill PositionStrip 4 High FinishingBar and wire rod 2 High Finishing
DDeessccrriippttiioonnHigh chromium iron rolls are composite rolls
manufactured by centrifugal or spin casting technique. Since chromium carbide is higher in hardness than ferrous carbide, these rolls exhibit high hardness and wear resistance contributing to their excellent performance. Exhibited throughout their use, these rolls can be used in early finishing stands in strip mills.
High chromium iron rolls are spin cast. The high spinning speed creates a centrifugal force to push the molten metal to fill the mold. Vertical casting technology provider excellent bonding between dissimilar shell and core metals. These double poured rolls have high wear resistance properties. Applications for these rolls include all early finishing stands in both hot and cold strip mills, initial finishing stands of plate mills and skin pass mill, and plate finishing stands
AApppplliiccaattiioonn
Product Type of Mill Position
Plate 4 HighInitial Finishing stand and skin pass mills
Wide Strip 4 High Finishing stand in booth hot and cold strip mills.
Tubes Sizing AllBeams universal Horizontal sleeve
MMiiccrroossttrruuccttuurree ×× 110000
SHELL STRUCTURE
Primary chromium carbides acicular with fine globular carbides.