Textile composite

WELCOME TO

MY PRESENTATION

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Prepared by:

Md. Ashraful Alam ID: 11121107013Intake: 4th Program: B.sc. in Textile Engineering

Prepared to: Md. Mahabub Hasan Assistant Professor Department of Textile Engineering BUBT

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Topic name: Textile Composite

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CONTENTS

• What are composites?• Why composites materials?• Constituents of composite materials• Classification of Textile composites • Metal matrix composite, Ceramic matrix composite,

polymer matrix composite• Reinforcement, matrix and interface • Manufacturing processes of Textile Composites• Applications of Textile composites• Properties of Textile composites materials

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What are Textile Composites?

Textile composites are created by combining two or more materials (at least one textile material) to produce a new material that retains important properties from the original elements .

Reinforcing fibers give composites the attributes of high strength and stiffness.

In textile composites fibers are surrounded by a choice of polymers that act as a support system.

Composites are produced by reinforcing a resin matrix (thermoplastic / thermoset) with fibres like glass fibre, aramid, carbon fibre and/or natural fibres.

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Why composites materials?Composites materials are preferred over contemporary metallic materials due

to their

• High strength

• Light weight

• Long life

• Net shape manufacturing

• Design flexibility

• Durability

• Corrosion resistance

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Constituents of composite materials:1. Matrix: Continuous phase, the primary phase that is made of metal, polymer or

ceramic It holds the dispersed phase and shares a load with it. It protects the reinforcement from surface damage due to abrasion or

chemical attacks

2. Dispersed (reinforcing) phase: The second phase is imbedded in the matrix in a continuous /

discontinuous form. Disperse phase is usually stronger than the matrix, therefore it is sometimes

called reinforcing phase.

3. Interface: The zone across which the matrix and reinforcing phases interact

( chemically, physically or mechanically)

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Classification

Types of matrix:1. Natural: silica sand, starch, epoxy etc2. Synthetic: fumed silica, fused silica, epoxy, polyester etc

Based on matrix textile composite can be classified as: Metal matrix composites (MMC) Ceramic matrix composites (CMC) Polymer matrix composites (PMC)

a) Thermoset

b) Thermoplastic

c) Rubber

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Metal matrix composites (MMC) • Metal matrix composites (MMCs) are a subgroup of composite materials. Composition: MMC are made by dispersing a reinforcing material into a metal matrix. The

reinforcement surface can be coated to prevent a chemical reaction with the matrix. Reinforcement: Carbon fibres are commonly used as reinforcement in aluminum

matrix. Matrix: In structural applications, the matrix is usually a lighter metal such as aluminum,

magnesium, or titanium, and provides a compliant support for the reinforcement.

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Ceramic matrix composites   Ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) are a subgroup of composite materials

as well as a subgroup of technical ceramics. They consist of ceramic fibers embedded in a ceramic matrix, thus forming

a ceramic fiber reinforced ceramic (CFRC) material. Fibres materials are commonly used as carbon and aluminum oxide. Matrix materials are usually silica carbide, silica nitride and aluminum

oxide. They retain their strength up to 3000 Fahrenheit. They are usually used where to resist high temperature and for non-

corrosive environment

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Polymer Matrix composites Polymer matrix composites are the imp and third subgroup of composites. It is also referred as fibre-reinforced plastics(FRP) In these fibre-reinforced plastics, the plastic is reinforced with fibers to

make a light and strong material. The reinforcing materials are carbon, aramid or glass. The matrix can basically be any type of plastic: epoxy, polyester, vinyl

ester, polypropylene (PP).

Matrix examples for PMC

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Thermoplastic resins• polypropylene (PP)• thermoplastic polyesters (PET, PBT)• polyether sulphide (PES)• polyphenylene sulphide (PPS)• polyether imide (PEI)• polyether ether ketone (PEEK)

Thermosetting resins• Epoxy• unsaturated polyester (UP)• Vinylester• polyurethane (PUR)• phenolic resin• acrylic resin

Manufacturing processes: Hand lay-up Vacuum bagging / autoclave Compression moulding Liquid resin moulding Pultrution Filament winding Injection moulding Thermoplastics processing Auto mated tape laying

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Polymer matrix composite

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Minardi Formula 1All Formula One race cars have a carbon fibre monocoque structure that protects the driver for all crashes

BMC frame with carbon/epoxy pre-preg

One of the most well-known composite applications in sports is the so-called "carbon bike". The frame consists of carbon fibre-reinforced epoxy which makes the frame very stiff and lightweight.

BMW M6 with carbon fibre roof

In automotive applications, composites are all around us. Just as in sports applications, weight reduction is pushing the designers to use more and more composites. The examples are numerous.

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Application of Textile composite

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Application of Textile composite

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Advantages of textile composites used in Aeroplane

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Properties of composite products: Tensile strength of composites is four to six times greater than that of conventional

materials like steel, aluminium etc. Improved torsion stiffness and impact properties . Higher fatigue endurance limit (up to 60% of the ultimate tensile strength) 30-45% lighter than aluminium structures designed for the same functional

requirements . Lower embedded energy . Composites are less noisy while in operation and provide lower vibration

transmission Composites are more versatile and can be tailored to meet performance needs and

complex design requirements Long life offers excellent fatigue, impact, environmental resistance and reduced

maintenance. Composites enjoy reduced maintenance cost Composites exhibit excellent corrosion resistance and fire retardant capability Improved appearance with smooth surfaces and readily incorporable integral

decorative melamine are other characteristics of composites • Composite parts can eliminate joints/fasteners, providing part simplification and

integrated design. 25% reduction in weight and 95% reduction in components by combining parts and

forms into simpler moulded parts. 18

Conclusion: Everybody comes across composites in his daily life. You might

be playing tennis or badminton with a "graphite racket", You might have a "carbon bike",your bike breaks are made of composite, several parts of your car body are also made of composites.

So we can say today composites are popular and useful and in future it will be very much helpful for our daily life.

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THANK YOU ALL

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