Tetanus Toxoid, Reduced Tetanus Toxoid, Reduced Diphtheria Toxoid and Diphtheria Toxoid and Acellular Pertussis Vaccine, Acellular Pertussis Vaccine, Adsorbed (Boostrix Adsorbed (Boostrix TM TM ) ) Ann T. Schwartz, MD Ann T. Schwartz, MD CBER, FDA CBER, FDA Vaccines and Related Biological Products Vaccines and Related Biological Products Advisory Committee Meeting Advisory Committee Meeting March 15, 2005 March 15, 2005 GlaxoSmithKline GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals Biologicals
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Tetanus Toxoid, Reduced Diphtheria Toxoid and Acellular Pertussis Vaccine, Adsorbed (Boostrix TM ) Ann T. Schwartz, MD CBER, FDA Vaccines and Related Biological.
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Indication: 10-18 years, single dose boosterIndication: 10-18 years, single dose booster
Demonstration of safety Demonstration of safety Demonstration of non-inferiority of anti- Demonstration of non-inferiority of anti-
tetanus and anti-diphtheria seroprotection and tetanus and anti-diphtheria seroprotection and booster response vs. Tdbooster response vs. Td
Demonstration of booster response to Demonstration of booster response to pertussis antigenspertussis antigens
Demonstration of serologic bridge to pertussis Demonstration of serologic bridge to pertussis efficacyefficacy
Demonstration of lot-to-lot consistency ofDemonstration of lot-to-lot consistency of BoostrixBoostrix
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Pivotal Safety and Pivotal Safety and Immunogenicity Study Tdap/001Immunogenicity Study Tdap/001
Safety, immunogenicity and lot consistency Safety, immunogenicity and lot consistency of Boostrixof Boostrix™™
Comparator vaccine: a U.S.-licensed Td Comparator vaccine: a U.S.-licensed Td vaccine (Massachusetts Public Health vaccine (Massachusetts Public Health Biologic Laboratories) Biologic Laboratories)
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Tdap/001: Tdap/001: Primary ObjectivesPrimary Objectives To demonstrate: To demonstrate:
non-inferiority of Boostrix™ vs. Td wrt anti-non-inferiority of Boostrix™ vs. Td wrt anti-D and anti-T seroprotection ratesD and anti-T seroprotection rates
non-inferiority of Boostrix™ vs. Td wrt anti-non-inferiority of Boostrix™ vs. Td wrt anti-D and anti-T booster response ratesD and anti-T booster response rates
anti-PT, anti-FHA and anti-PRN booster anti-PT, anti-FHA and anti-PRN booster responses in vaccinees administered responses in vaccinees administered Boostrix™Boostrix™
non-inferiority of Boostrix™ vs. Td wrt non-inferiority of Boostrix™ vs. Td wrt Grade 3 pain at the injection siteGrade 3 pain at the injection site
comparative multi-center study comparative multi-center study Adolescents 10-18 years of ageAdolescents 10-18 years of age Stratified by age before enrollment into two groupsStratified by age before enrollment into two groups
10-14 years of age (N=3000)10-14 years of age (N=3000) 15-18 years of age (N=1000)15-18 years of age (N=1000)
Randomized 1:1:1:1 to four groups:Randomized 1:1:1:1 to four groups: BoostrixBoostrix™™ lot 1 (N=1000) lot 1 (N=1000) BoostrixBoostrix™™ lot 2 (N=1000) lot 2 (N=1000) BoostrixBoostrix™™ lot 3 (N= 1000) lot 3 (N= 1000) TdTdMPHBLMPHBL (N=1000) (N=1000)
Completed routine childhood vaccinations Completed routine childhood vaccinations against diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis against diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis diseases (4 or 5 doses)diseases (4 or 5 doses) DTwP doses 1-3DTwP doses 1-3 DTwP or DTaP 4 and/or 5DTwP or DTaP 4 and/or 5
At least 5 years since the receipt of the pre-At least 5 years since the receipt of the pre-school dose of DTP school dose of DTP
Subjects who had received a Td booster Subjects who had received a Td booster within the previous 10 years were excludedwithin the previous 10 years were excluded
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Tdap/001: Study Vaccine Composition per Tdap/001: Study Vaccine Composition per 0.5mL dose0.5mL dose
Solicited local and systemic adverse events Solicited local and systemic adverse events 0-14 days post-vaccination collected by 0-14 days post-vaccination collected by
VaccinationVaccination Bleed #2Bleed #2 End studyEnd study
Day 0Day 0 Day 14Day 14 Day 30Day 30 Month 6Month 6
BoostrixBoostrix™™ N = 3000 N = 3000
TdTdMPHBLMPHBL N = 1000 N = 1000
Safety follow-Safety follow-upup
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Tdap/001:Tdap/001:Populations for analysisPopulations for analysis
TVC for safetyTVC for safety Vaccinated subjects with safety dataVaccinated subjects with safety data
TVC for immunogenicityTVC for immunogenicity Vaccinated subjects with serologic dataVaccinated subjects with serologic data
ATP for immunogenicityATP for immunogenicity Vaccinated subjects complying with Vaccinated subjects complying with
protocol with serologic dataprotocol with serologic data
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ResultsResults
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Tdap/001:Tdap/001:Demographics Total Vaccinated CohortDemographics Total Vaccinated Cohort(N= 4114)(N= 4114) 52.1% males and 47.9% females52.1% males and 47.9% females EthnicityEthnicity
85.7% Caucasian85.7% Caucasian 5.6% African-Americans 5.6% African-Americans 5.7% Hispanics5.7% Hispanics 0.8% Asians0.8% Asians ~ 2% Other ~ 2% Other
Mean age: 12.9 yearsMean age: 12.9 years 75.2% subjects 10-14 years of age 75.2% subjects 10-14 years of age 24.8% subjects 15-18 years24.8% subjects 15-18 years
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Tdap/001Tdap/001
IMMUNOGENICITY IMMUNOGENICITY
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Tdap/001:Tdap/001:ImmunogenicityImmunogenicity Definitions, endpoints and results Definitions, endpoints and results
Diphtheria and Tetanus toxoidsDiphtheria and Tetanus toxoids• Seroprotection Seroprotection • Pre-vaccinationPre-vaccination• Booster responseBooster response• ResultsResults
Serologic Bridge to Infanrix pertussis antigensSerologic Bridge to Infanrix pertussis antigens
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Tdap/001: Seroprotection and Booster Tdap/001: Seroprotection and Booster response to diphtheria and tetanusresponse to diphtheria and tetanus toxoids one month post-vaccinationtoxoids one month post-vaccination
Tdap/001: Primary Immunogenicity Tdap/001: Primary Immunogenicity Endpoints and Non-inferiority Criteria Endpoints and Non-inferiority Criteria (Boostrix™ vs Td(Boostrix™ vs TdMPHBLMPHBL))
AntigenAntigen
EndpointEndpoint Td -Boostrix Td -Boostrix ™™
anti-diphtheriaanti-diphtheria % % 0.1 IU/mL 0.1 IU/mL UL 95% CI UL 95% CI
10%10%
% booster% booster UL 95% CI UL 95% CI
10%10%
anti-tetanusanti-tetanus % % 0.1 IU/mL 0.1 IU/mL UL 95% CI UL 95% CI
10%10%
% booster% booster UL 95% CI UL 95% CI
10%10%
2-sided 95% CI2-sided 95% CI
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Tdap/001: Differences in anti-diphtheria Tdap/001: Differences in anti-diphtheria response rates between Boostrix™ and response rates between Boostrix™ and TdTd
MPHBLMPHBL one month post vaccination one month post vaccination (ATP cohort for immunogenicity)(ATP cohort for immunogenicity)
** Non-inferiority criterion met** Non-inferiority criterion met
§ Non-inferiority criteria were not pre-specified§ Non-inferiority criteria were not pre-specified
Tdap/001: Differences in anti-tetanus Tdap/001: Differences in anti-tetanus response rates between Boostrix™ and response rates between Boostrix™ and TdTd
MPHBLMPHBL one month post vaccination one month post vaccination (ATP cohort for immunogenicity)(ATP cohort for immunogenicity)
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Tdap/001: Booster response to pertussis Tdap/001: Booster response to pertussis components one month post- components one month post- vaccinationvaccination
Booster response to PT, FHA, PRNBooster response to PT, FHA, PRN
Tdap/001: Booster response (BR) to pertussis Tdap/001: Booster response (BR) to pertussis antigens one month post-Boostrix™ in 10-18 antigens one month post-Boostrix™ in 10-18 years old (ATP cohort for immunogenicity)years old (ATP cohort for immunogenicity)
Antigen Antigen BR Rate (%)BR Rate (%) 95% CI95% CI
PT PT 84.584.5 (83.0, 85.8)**(83.0, 85.8)**
FHA FHA 95.195.1 (94.2, 95.9)**(94.2, 95.9)**
PRN PRN 95.495.4 (94.5, 96.1)**(94.5, 96.1)**
Boostrix™ N = 2677 – 2752Boostrix™ N = 2677 – 2752
**Primary endpoint met**Primary endpoint met
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Serologic bridge to pertussis efficacy study Serologic bridge to pertussis efficacy study
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Serologic bridge to clinical efficacy Serologic bridge to clinical efficacy Study:Study:Tdap/001 and APV/039, APV/050Tdap/001 and APV/039, APV/050
Non-inferiority to InfanrixNon-inferiority to Infanrix®®,, administered as a administered as a 3-dose primary series 3-dose primary series
GMCs one month post Boostrix compared GMCs one month post Boostrix compared to GMCs one month after completing infant to GMCs one month after completing infant series with Infanrixseries with Infanrix®®
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Serologic bridge: APV-039 and APV-050Serologic bridge: APV-039 and APV-050
Study APV-039Study APV-039 Safety, immunogenicity and lot consistency Safety, immunogenicity and lot consistency
study of Infanrixstudy of Infanrix®® 3-dose series at 3, 4, and 5 months of age3-dose series at 3, 4, and 5 months of age Pop. for household contact study APV-050Pop. for household contact study APV-050
Study APV-050Study APV-050 Efficacy 89% (95% CI: 77- 95%) against WHO-Efficacy 89% (95% CI: 77- 95%) against WHO-
defined pertussisdefined pertussis• >> 21 days of paroxysmal cough with 21 days of paroxysmal cough with
Serologic bridge: Testing of study Serologic bridge: Testing of study samplessamples
TVC of APV-039 TVC of APV-039 Subjects who had serologic data for at least Subjects who had serologic data for at least
one pertussis antigenone pertussis antigen Majority had anti-PT toxoid serological data Majority had anti-PT toxoid serological data
onlyonly APV-039 Serologic assays performed in 1994APV-039 Serologic assays performed in 1994 Tdap/001 Serologic assays performed in 2003Tdap/001 Serologic assays performed in 2003
Used same assays and same laboratoryUsed same assays and same laboratory
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Endpoints for serologic bridgeEndpoints for serologic bridge
Pertussis Pertussis antigensantigens
EndpointEndpoint (EU/mL)(EU/mL)
RatioRatio InfanrixInfanrix®®/Boostrix/Boostrix™™
anti-PTanti-PT GMCGMC UL 95% CI < 1.5UL 95% CI < 1.5
anti-FHAanti-FHA GMCGMC UL 95% CI < 1.5UL 95% CI < 1.5
anti-PRNanti-PRN GMCGMC UL 95% CI < 1.5UL 95% CI < 1.5
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Ratios of GMCs between Boostrix™ and Ratios of GMCs between Boostrix™ and Infanrix® one month post-vaccination (TVC)Infanrix® one month post-vaccination (TVC)
** pre-specified non-inferiority criteria met** pre-specified non-inferiority criteria met
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SafetySafety
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Overall Safety DatabaseOverall Safety Database
3289 subjects, age 10-18 years, received a 3289 subjects, age 10-18 years, received a single dose of Boostrixsingle dose of Boostrix™ (Studies Tdap/001 ™ (Studies Tdap/001 and Tdap/029)and Tdap/029)
2163 additional subjects, 4-78 years of age, 2163 additional subjects, 4-78 years of age, analyzed for safety after receipt of a single analyzed for safety after receipt of a single dose of Tdap (0.5 mg Al) in eleven non-IND dose of Tdap (0.5 mg Al) in eleven non-IND studiesstudies
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Tdap/001:Tdap/001:SafetySafety
Primary Safety EndpointPrimary Safety Endpoint Non-inferiority of Boostrix™ vs. Td wrt Non-inferiority of Boostrix™ vs. Td wrt
Grade 3 pain at the injection siteGrade 3 pain at the injection site Solicited local adverse eventsSolicited local adverse events
72 hours and 15 days72 hours and 15 days Solicited systemic adverse eventsSolicited systemic adverse events
72 hours and 15 days72 hours and 15 days Unsolicited adverse eventsUnsolicited adverse events Serious adverse eventsSerious adverse events
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Tdap/001: Tdap/001: Primary Safety Endpoint and Primary Safety Endpoint and Non-inferiority criterionNon-inferiority criterion
Grade 3 pain*Grade 3 pain* %% UL 95% CI UL 95% CI 4% 4%
*Grade 3 pain = spontaneously painful and/or *Grade 3 pain = spontaneously painful and/or prevented normal activityprevented normal activity
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Tdap/001: Incidence of Pain within 15 Tdap/001: Incidence of Pain within 15 days post-vaccination in subjects 10-18 days post-vaccination in subjects 10-18 years of age (TVC)years of age (TVC)
Any pain = painful on touchAny pain = painful on touchGrade 2 pain = painful when limb movedGrade 2 pain = painful when limb movedGrade 3 pain = spontaneously painful and/or prevented normal activityGrade 3 pain = spontaneously painful and/or prevented normal activity
§ non-inferiority criterion met (upper limit 95% CI on the difference § non-inferiority criterion met (upper limit 95% CI on the difference 4%)4%)
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Tdap/001: Incidence of local symptoms Tdap/001: Incidence of local symptoms in subjects 10-18 years within 72 hours of in subjects 10-18 years within 72 hours of vaccination (TVC)vaccination (TVC)
> 20 mm> 20 mm 4.04.0 3.83.8>> 50 mm 50 mm 1.61.6 1.51.5
SwellingSwelling Any Any 20.220.2 19.819.8> 20 mm> 20 mm 5.05.0 4.84.8>> 50 mm 50 mm 2.42.4 3.23.2
Increased arm Increased arm circumferencecircumference
>5 mm >5 mm 21.421.4 23.223.2> 20 mm> 20 mm 1.61.6 1.51.5>> 40 mm 40 mm 0.30.3 0.30.3
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Tdap/001: Incidence of solicited systemic Tdap/001: Incidence of solicited systemic symptoms within 15 days following symptoms within 15 days following administration of Boostrixadministration of Boostrix™™ or Td or TdMPHBL MPHBL (TVC)(TVC)
abuse(3)abuse(3) Depression/ADHD (2)Depression/ADHD (2) Cholecystitis (1)Cholecystitis (1) Headache (1)Headache (1) Spontaneous AB (1)Spontaneous AB (1) Menorrhagia (1)Menorrhagia (1)
Sinusitis w/ Sinusitis w/ migraine(1)migraine(1)
Pleural effusion with Pleural effusion with pneumothorax status-pneumothorax status-post surgery for post surgery for repair of pectus repair of pectus excavatum(1)excavatum(1)
Tdap/001: Percentage of subjects (10-18 Tdap/001: Percentage of subjects (10-18 years old) reporting AEs during the 5 month years old) reporting AEs during the 5 month follow-up period by type (TVC)follow-up period by type (TVC)
Non-routine Non-routine medical visitmedical visit
5252 1.71.7 1616 1.61.6
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Occurrence of Serious adverse events in Occurrence of Serious adverse events in eleven additional studies post-vaccinationeleven additional studies post-vaccinationVaccine Vaccine
Primary immunogenicity endpoints: all met Primary immunogenicity endpoints: all met
Primary safety endpoint: metPrimary safety endpoint: met
No unexpected adverse events or serious No unexpected adverse events or serious
safety concernssafety concerns
Serologic Bridge: Non-inferiority criteria metSerologic Bridge: Non-inferiority criteria met
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Questions and discussion items for the Questions and discussion items for the committeecommittee1. Are the available data adequate to support 1. Are the available data adequate to support the efficacy of Boostrix™ in individuals the efficacy of Boostrix™ in individuals 10-18 years of age? 10-18 years of age?
VOTEVOTE2. Are the available data adequate to support 2. Are the available data adequate to support the safety of the safety of Boostrix™ when administered to when administered to individuals 10-18 years of age?individuals 10-18 years of age?
VOTEVOTE
3. Please identify any issues which should be 3. Please identify any issues which should be addressed, including post-licensure studies.addressed, including post-licensure studies.