Test

• 1. Chemical Bonding

2. Chemical Bond

• Attractive force that holds atoms together

• Valence electrons contribute to chemical bonds

• Bonds form to increase stability (lower energy)

3. Bonds form = energy released Bonds break = energy required 4. Types of Bonding Ionic Covalent 5. Ionic Bonding

• Bonding between metals and non-metals

6. Covalent Bonding

• Bonding between non-metals

7. Remember Octet: Atoms seek stability of filled valence shell. 8. Ionic Bond

• Electrostatic attraction between cations and anions

• Electrons aretransferredfrom a metal to a non-metal

9. Recall: Metalslosee -cations Non-metalsgaine - anions 10. Compounds must be neutral;total charge from cations must equal total charge from anions 11. Ex. What is the chemical formula of the compound made with sodium and oxygen? 12. Ex. What is the chemical formula of the compound made with sodium and oxygen? Na + O 2- Na 2 O Sodium Oxide 13. Ex. What is the chemical formula of the compound made with calcium and phosphorus? 14. Ex. What is the chemical formula of the compound made with calcium and phosphorus? Ca +2 P -3 Ca 3 P 2 Calcium Phosphide 15.

• non-metalssharevalence electron pairs

• NOT from ions

• form molecules with no net charge

Covalent Bond 16. 17.

• show valence electrons with dots

Lewis Dot Structures 18. 19.

• Formulas that show the arrangement of covalent compounds

• Combine Lewis dot structures

Structural Formulas 20.

• Show lone pairs (extra) with dots

• Show shared pairs (bonds) with a line.

21. Ex

• Diatomic hydrogen

• Hydrochloric acid, HCl

• Phosphorus trichloride, PCl 3