TERRORISM. DEFINITION OF TERRORISM It is a term used to describe using power and force against people or their property with outrage, in order to intimidate.

TERRORISMTERRORISM  

DEFINITION OF TERRORISMDEFINITION OF TERRORISM

It is a term used to describe using power and force against people or their property with outrage, in order to intimidate and force a group of people to achieve particular goals.

Terrorist activities are usually aimed at small group of people but very often concern all population to force it to suitable behaviour.

Terrorist activities must have psychological effects on their victims and big social and medial „effect” to be effectual among the population.

TYPES OF TERRORISM

• political terrorism – it’s main goal is to change the government, political system and to force the introduction of new laws or to tear away part of the territory to create new country or join one already existing.

• criminal terrorism – the typical activities are kidnaping for ransom, destroying property, sabotage or ramp.

• individual terrorism – we say about this kind of terrorism, when the victim is precisely definite , when killed is concrete politic or concrete businessman is kidnapp.

• collective terrosim – attacks are also motivate politically, but there are accidental victims.

The most famous terrorist organizations

Islamic terrorism:– Al-Kaida– Hamas– Hezbollah (party of God) – Dżihad

In the sixties appeared occurrence definite as anislamic terrorism. It was because of the one of themost famed attack on 5 Semptember 1972 duringOlympic games in Monachium.

Terrorism ethnical-social:– Irgun i Lehi– ETA– IRA

In the eighties appeared new kind of terrorists -

suicides.

THE MOST TRAGIC AND FAMOUS ATTEMPT FROM 2001

• 11.09.2001 - attack on World Trade Center and Pentagon.

On the morning of September 11, 2001, nineteen terrorists (from Al-Qaeda) hijacked four commercial passenger jet airliners. The hijackers crashed two of the airliners into the World Trade Center in New York one plane into each tower. The hijackers crashed a third airliner into the Pentagon. Addition to the 19 hijackers, 2,973 people died; another 24 are missing and presumed dead.

• 23-26.10. 2002- attack chechen terrorist on theatrical centrum on Dubrowka in Moscow.

They took 850 hostages and demanded the withdrawal of Russian forces from Chechnya and end to the Second Chechen War. After two and a half days, Russian special forces raided the building after pumping fentanyl, a gas typically used for anesthesia, into the building's ventilation system. All of the 33 terrorists were killed, along with at least 129 of the hostages, mainly children who overdosed on fentanyl.

• 15.11.2003 – attack on two synagogues in Istanbul (Turkey).

The Istanbul bombings were two truck bomb attacks carried out on two days in November 2003. Al-Qaeda has claimed responsibility for the attacks, and several men have been convicted for their involvement. Fatalites: 57 civilians; 4 suicide bombers

• 1-3.09.2004 – attack on school in Beslan (North Ossetia).

The Beslan school hostage crisis began when the group of pro-Chechen armed rebels took more than 1,200 school children and adults hostage at school. On the third day of the standoff, gunfire broke out between the hostage-takers and Russian security forces. 344 civilians were killed, including 186 children,and hundreds more were wounded. Chechen warlord Shamil Basayev took responsibility for the hostage.

• 7.07, 2.07. 2005 – attacks in London.

The 7 July 2005 London bombings were a series of coordinated terrorist bomb blasts that hit London's public transport system during the morning rush hour. At 8:50 a.m., three bombs exploded within fifty seconds of each other on three London Underground trains. A fourth bomb exploded on a bus nearly an hour later at 9:47 a.m. in Tavistock Square. The bombings killed 52 commuters and the four suicide bombers, injured 700.

• 11.07. 2006 - 7 explosions in trains and on railways of suburban stations in Bombay (India).

There were a series of seven bomb blasts that took place over a period of 11 minutes on the Suburban Railway in Mumbai (formerly known as Bombay). 209 people lost their lives and over 700 were injured in the attacks.

• 03.02. 2007 –Baghdad market bombing.

The Baghdad market bombing was the detonation of a large truck bomb in a busy market in the Iraq capital of Baghdad on February 3, 2007. The suicide attack killed at least 135 people and injured 339 others.

How can we fight with terrorism?

We can divide fight with terrorism in two kinds.

1. First is summary fight – struggle with terrorist and terrorist organizations. It isn’t effective way, because we don’t fight every terrorist and in every moment to terrorist organizations can join new volunteers. We can compare it to fighting with effects of disease without removing reasons.

2. Second more effective way is liquidation reasons of terrorism. The reason is usually social discontent with belief that terrorism is a better way, sometimes even only way to make the situation better. We can liquidate the reasones, e.x improve economic situation of people, who live in the areas, where terrorism is the biggest, ensure them posibility to peacefuly worship their culture.