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Territorial Cohesion Policy and the Europe Model of Society
Andreas FaludiDelft University of Technology
• Introduction
• Territorial Cohesion
• A Contested European Model
• The Influence of Delors
• The Model post-Delors
• Barroso and the Model
• Conclusions
Content
Introduction
• US appreciation for kind of ‘European model’
• Stands for moderating competitiveness with social welfare- and equity-considerations
• One or more models?• No consensus, except
that it is different from the US
Territorial Cohesion
• Constitutional quagmire
• No clear definition
• Lisbon & Gothenburg
• Like ‘European Model’
• Budget 2007-2013
• Rotterdam Process
• Implicit territorial cohesion policy to continue
• Even more important than before?
A Contested Model:Ultra-liberal or dirigiste?
• A ‘stateless market’ (Kapteyn 1996)?• Market-correction requires state
building: mixed economy; civilised labour relations; welfare state; social justice, but:
• Drain on resources; inflexible; bureaucratic
• Rhetorical device in contest with US
A Contested Model:The US challenge
A Contested Model:‘Blue’ America Dreaming
• Wake-up call for US
A Contested Model:‘Blue’ America Dreaming
• ‘Soft’ power prevails
A Contested Model:Europe Dreaming?
• A global power?
• Euroscepticsbeware!
A Contested Model:Europe Dreaming?
A Contested Model:Europe Dreaming?
• Triumphalism?
A Contested Model:Dreaming Together?
• Join Forces
A Contested Model:Payday?
• Marshall Plan II
The European Model:Diversity and Unity
• Various models: Nordic, Latin, Anglo-Saxon…
• Confrontation may lead to synthesis
• Going through sieve of ‘Community Method’
• Methodologically speaking, an ‘ideal type’:
• Conceptual abstraction of ways in which
societies construct social interdependence
The Influence of Delors
• A rational European• ‘New society’• Role intermediaries• Europe a humane
combination of institutions stimulating markets while promoting solidarity
• 2 White Papers + EMU• The French Connection
The Model Post-DelorsThe Sapir Report
• Flexibility needed• Growth paramount• New economic
policy and delivery system
• Attention for TENs• Critic of cohesion
policy
The Model Post-DelorsThe Strauss-Kahn Report
• European model:– Humanist– Against
commodifying culture – For sustainability– For multilaterism
• Not properly defended – ‘political Europe’ needed
The Model Post-DelorsThe Reflection Group
• Competitiveness
cannot bind people
• Viable and vital
political union needs
firmer foundation
The Model Post-DelorsThe Kok Report
• Union and Member States share blame
• Lisbon Strategy more urgent than ever
• No copy-cat of US• TENs needed• Improved delivery
Barroso and the Model
• Sapir & Kok on board
• Barroso’s 3 children
• ‘Growth and Jobs’
• Lisbon governance
• Cohesion gets little mention, but making Europe attractive for living and working does
Conclusions
• European model conceptual device
• Territorial cohesion animated by same convictions: – Market not everything
– Values beyond growth legitimate intervention
• Concerns shared with territorial cohesion policy:– Equity– Competitiveness (‘Growth and Jobs’!)– Sustainability– Good governance (the Delors legacy)
• Extricate ‘quality of life’ from clutches of monetary calculus
• Rigorous territorial cohesion indicators: ESPON• Spatial visions to imagine attractive territories• Territorial cohesion good business
Conclusions
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