Ternary Compounds Ternary compounds are those containing three different elemen , NH 4 Cl, etc.). The naming of ternary compounds involves the ization of several positive and negative polyatomic ions, (tw atoms per ion), and adding these names to the element with wh combine. i.e., Sodium ion, Na 1+ added to the nitrate ion, NO 3 1- , to give the compound, NaNO 3 , sodium nitrate. y rules for indicating the oxidation number of metals and for s of atoms present are followed. The polyatomic ions that sh are listed in a separate handout.
Ternary Compounds. Ternary compounds are those containing three different elements. (NaNO 3 , NH 4 Cl, etc.). The naming of ternary compounds involves the memorization of several positive and negative polyatomic ions, (two or - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Ternary Compounds
Ternary compounds are those containing three different elements. (NaNO3, NH4Cl, etc.). The naming of ternary compounds involves the memorization of several positive and negative polyatomic ions, (two or more atoms per ion), and adding these names to the element with which they combine.
i.e., Sodium ion, Na1+ added to the nitrate ion, NO31-,
to give the compound, NaNO3, sodium nitrate.
Binary rules for indicating the oxidation number of metals and for indicating the numbers of atoms present are followed. The polyatomic ions that shouldbe learned are listed in a separate handout.
(PO4)3-
Phosphate
PO43-
1 P 4 O @ 2- = 8-
@ 3- = 3-
11-
?@ 5+= 5+
3-
Fluorine and oxygenoxygen are highly electronegative and will attractelectrons very strongly. Generally, phosphorus will be 3- oxidation state: however, when combining with oxygen, phosphorus will lose
five electrons and take on a 5+ oxidation charge.
phosphate
sulfate
carbonate
chlorate
nitrate
Polyatomic Ions - Memorize
phosphATE
sulfATE
carbonATE
chlorATE
nitrATE
PO43- ……………
SO42- ……………
CO32- …………..
ClO31- …………..
NO31- ………..….
Eight “-ATE’s”
Exceptions:
ammonium
hydroxide
cyanide
NH41+ ……………
OH1- ……………
CN1- …………..
Pattern to Memorizing Nomenclature
XY“-ide”
XYO3“-ate”
XYO2“-ite”
XYO“hypo___-ite”
XYO4“per___-ate”
normal 1 less oxygen 2 less oxygen1 more oxygen
Polyatomic Ion: a group of atoms that stay together and have a single, overall charge.
BrO41-
Perbromate ion
BrO31-
Bromate ion
BrO21-
Bromite ion
BrO1-
Hypobromite ion
CO42- CO3
2-
Carbonate ion
CO22- CO2-
ClO41- ClO3
1-
Chlorate ion
ClO21- ClO1-
IO41- IO3
1-
Iodate ion
IO21- IO1-
NO41- NO3
1-
Nitrate ion
NO21- NO1-
PO53- PO4
3-
Phosphate ion
PO33- PO2
3-
SO52- SO4
2-
Sulfate ion
SO32- SO2
2-
1 more oxygen “normal” 1 less oxygen 2 less oxygen
Polyatomic Ion: a group of atoms that stay together and have a single, overall charge.
BrO41-
Perbromate ion
BrO31-
Bromate ion
BrO21-
Bromite ion
BrO1-
Hypobromite ion
CO42- CO3
2-
Carbonate ion
CO22- CO2-
ClO41- ClO3
1-
Chlorate ion
ClO21- ClO1-
IO41- IO3
1-
Iodate ion
IO21- IO1-
NO41- NO3
1-
Nitrate ion
NO21- NO1-
PO53- PO4
3-
Phosphate ion
PO33- PO2
3-
SO52- SO4
2-
Sulfate ion
SO32- SO2
2-
1 more oxygen “normal” 1 less oxygen 2 less oxygen