Terna HEART

8/8/2019 Terna HEART

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HEART



CVS CONSISTS OF THE BLOOD, THE

HEART, AND BLOOD VESSELS .HEART IS

P ART OF THE

C ARDIOV ASCUL AR SYSTEM.

THE FUNCTION OF THE HEART

IS TO PUMP BLOOD.



Location of heart



HEART

The heart is enclosed

in a double walled sac

called the pericardium.

The superficial

layer is the fibrous

pericardium, and thedeep layer is the

serous pericardium.



PERIC ARDIUM

THE FIBROUS PERIC ARDIUM ISCOMPOSED OF DENSE IRREGUL AR

CONNECTIVE TISSUE.



PERIC ARDIUM

FUNCTIONS OF THE FIBROUS

PERIC ARDIUM

1. PROTECTS THE HEART.

2. ANCHORS THE HEART WITHIN THE

THORAX.3. PREVENTS OVERFILLING OF THE

HEART.



PERIC ARDIUM

The serous

pericardium, a thin

slippery serous

membrane, is

composed of two

layers, the parietal

layer and the visceral

layer or epicardium.



PERIC ARDIUM

The parietal layer linesthe inner surface of thefibrous pericardium.

The visceral layer or epicardium forms the

outer layer of the heart.

Between the two layers isthe pericardial cavity. Thiscavity contains a film of serous fluid.



HEART W ALL

THE HEART W ALL CONSISTS OF 3

L AYERS

1. EPIC ARDIUM

2. MYOC ARDIUM

3. ENDOC ARDIUM



EXTERN AL AN ATOMY



EXTERN AL AN ATOMY



INTERN AL AN ATOMY



ATRI A

BOTH THE RIGHT AND LEFT

ATRIUM ARE THIN W ALLEDCHAMBERS.

THEY CONTRIBUTE LITTLE TO

THE PUMPING ACTIVITY OF THE HEART.



RIGHT ATRIUM

The right atrium has 3

openings: the

superior vena cava;

the inferior vena cava;and the coronary

sinus.

The tricuspid valve

divides the right

atrium from the right

ventricle.



LEFT ATRIUM

The left atrium usuallyhas 4 openings: theright and left

pulmonary veinsreturning from thelungs.

The bicuspid (mitral)valves divides the leftatrium from the leftventricle.



HOW DOES AN

ATR

IOVE

NTR

ICUL AR

V ALVE WORK?



ATRIOVENTRICUL AR V ALVES



ATRIOVENTRICUL AR V ALVES



VENTRICLES

THE HEART CONSISTS OF TWO

VENTRICLES, THE RIGHT AND THE

LEFT. TOGETHER THE VENTRICLES MAKE UP MOST OF THE MASS OF THE

HEART. THE RIGHT VENTRICLE

FORMS MOST OF THE ANTERIOR SURF ACE,

AND THE LEFT MOST OF THE

POSTEROINFERIOR SURF ACE.



RIGHT VENTRICLE

The right ventricle is

thinner walled than

the left, but still

thicker than the atria.

It has two openings,

the tricuspid valve

and the pulmonary

semilunar valve.



LEFT VENTRICLE

The left ventricle is

the

thickest chamber of

the

heart.

It has two openings, the bicuspid (mitral)

valve and the aortic

semilunar valve.



VENTRICLES



HOW DOES A SEMILUN AR

V ALVE WORK?



SEMILUN AR V ALVES



SEMILUN AR V ALVE



PULMON ARY SEMILUN AR V ALVE

Prevents backflow of blood from

pulmonary trunk into right ventricle



AORTIC SEMILUN AR V ALVE

Prevents backflow of blood from aorta

into left ventricle



BLOOD FLOW

THROUGH THE HEART



3. Tricuspid Valve

5. Pulmonary

Semilunar Valve

7. To Lungs via

Pulmonary Arteries

1. Superior Vena Cava

2. Right Atrium

4. Right Ventricle

6. Pulmonary Trunk



14. Aorta

13. Aortic Semilunar Valve

12. Left Ventricle

11. Bicuspid

Valve (Mitral)

10. Left Atrium

9. Pulmonary

Veins from the

Lungs



BLOOD FLOW THROUGH THE

HEART

1. Superior or inferior venacava

2. Right atrium

3. Tricuspid valve

4. Right ventricle

5. Pulmonary semilunar valve

6. Pulmonary trunk7. R and L pulmonary

artery

8. Lungs

9.R

and L pulmonary vein10. Left atrium

11. Bicuspid or mitral valve

12. Left ventricle

13. Aortic semilunar valve

14. Aorta



Terna HEART

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