Terminal equipment – Diesel and electric solutions Pirjo Venäläinen Metsäteho Oy 2.11.2016
Terminal equipment – Diesel and electric solutions
Pirjo Venäläinen
Metsäteho Oy
2.11.2016
• What are the environmental impacts of wood terminal equipmenttoday?‒ Focus on fuel consumption and emissions to air
• What kind of alternative (hybrid/electric) solutions‒ Are already on the market?‒ Have been recently studied or tested?
• What is the potential of the new solutions to decreaseenvironmental impacts?
Key questions
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Equipment at round wood terminals
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Wheel loader 3Log stacker 3Material handler 4
Loader of the truckShunting locomotive1 1Pictures1 Teräspyörä Oy
Terminal truck/tractor 2
Terminal equipment for chips
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Self-unloading chip trucks1Front loader
Chipper2 Crusher
Pictures: 1 Jussi Laurila2 Metsäalan ammattilehti
Electric material handlers
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• Electric material handlers are provided in different size classes and by several manufacturers (for example Mantsinen, Liebherr, Sennebogen)
• In Finland, electric material handlers are used at the major paper and paper mills and are the only fully electric equipment being used in wood handling
• In Sweden, an electric material handler is used for energy wood handling at Port of Stora Vika(Enström 2015)
Enström 2015
• Hybrid material handler byTerex‒ launched in 2013 ‒ Available in 33–37,8 ton
equipment‒ Even up to 30 % saving in fuel
consumption
• Hybrid solutions available alsoby Sennebogen
Hybrid material handlers
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Visedo Oy
• Hybrid wheel loaders are being manufactured by different companies (for example Volvo, John Deere and Parker).
• Volvo claims that its recently launched prototype (LX1) can bring fuel savings up to 50 %. This prototype is not yet commercially available.
• No hybrid log stackers?
Hybrid Wheel Loaders
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Volvo
John Deere
• Electric chippers are common at pulp mills• Electric crushers are getting more common at the heat and power plants • Electrically powered, stationary crushers and chippers are in use in some
major energy wood terminals• In smaller terminals, only diesel-powered equipment is used (Impola &
Tiihonen 2011)
Electric crushers and chippers
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Impola & Tiihonen 2011
Stationary chipper at the terminal of Rovaniemen Energia
Crusher at the terminal of KS Laatuenergia
• KESLA’s full hybrid chipper is the first of its kind in the world
• The prototype was studied in theINFRES project (Laitila et al 2015)
• When compared to a traditional chipper, the fuel consumption was ‒ 3,1 l / 1 000 kg (6 %) less in chipping
of pulpwood‒ 2,9 l / 1 000 kg (26 %) less in chipping
of logging residues
Hybrid chipper - KESLA C860 H
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Laitila et al 2015
Kaksonen (2015)
• Hybrid shunting locomotives are being manufactured be several companies and they claim substantial fuel consumption savings (Konarzewski 2013):‒ Railpower (Canada) 40–70 % saving in
fuel consumption‒ Toshiba (Japan) 36 % fuel saving ‒ Alstom (Germany) prototype 40 %
fuel saving• The rail companies are also
increasingly interested in converting existing locomotives to hybrid.
• Electric shunting locomotive was studied by Molineri (2016). The analyses showed that hybrid locomotives are more feasible.
• In Germany, the world’s first hydrogen-powered passenger train will start operating in 2017.
Hybrid shunting locomotives
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Stadler
Toshiba
• In Central Sweden, a pilot project is studying environmental impacts of hybrid trucks that are fully electric whenconnected to overhead power lines. (Region Gävleborg 2016)
• Two kilometers of power lines havebeen installed above the Motorway E16
• Partners in the project are for exampleSiemens, Scania and Stora Enso.
• Hybrid trucks are also manufactured byNikola Motors and Terberg.
Hybrid trucks
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Scania 2016
• A simulation study carried out at Aalto University (Lajunen 2014)‒ Estimated fuel consumption (l/tkm) of electric wood trucks (90 tonner and
40 tonner) ‒ 3 different battery options and 5 route types were compared‒ Hybridization seemed to be more advantageous on routes with substantial
amount of hill climbing‒ In average, 3 % saving in fuel consumption was discovered
Electric wood truck – Simulation
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Other hybrid solutions in heavy machinery
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Hybrid harvesterLogset
Hybrid reach stackerKonecranes
Summary
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10
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50
60
70
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Materialhandlers
Log stackers Wheel loaders Terminaltrucks
Terminallocomotives
Chipper
Potential fuel saving with hybrid solutions (%)
Saving min % Saving max %
• Annual working hours per type of equipment‒ => Annual fuel consumption and emissions‒ Potential decrease in fuel consumption and emissions at annual and
regional (South-East Finland)
• Impacts of novel solutions on terminal costs
Work to do
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